670 



Umbelliferae 



1. Bupleunitn falcatum L. B. scorzoTieraefolium Willd.; 

 B. falcatum var. scorzoneraefolium (Willd.) Ledeb.; B. chi- 

 nense DC; B. falcatum var. l{pmarowit KosoPoL; B. steno- 

 phyllum (Nakai) Kitag.; B. scorzoneraefolium var. stenophyl- 



lum Nakai Mishima-saiko. Rhizomes short, thick, with 



thickened roots; stems erect, 40-70 cm. long, branched above; 

 radical leaves 10-30 cm. long, including the narrow petiolelike 

 base, the cauline leaves rather thick and firm, broadly linear to 

 narrowly lanceolate, 4-10 cm. long, 5-15 mm. wide, acuminate 

 and with a short awn at tip, with several prominent parallel 

 nerves, green on both sides, gradually narrowed to a sessile 

 base; umbels numerous, with 2-7 rays, the involucre 0-15 mm. 

 long, with linear-lanceolate bracts much shorter than the rays; 

 imibellets 5- to 10-flowered, the involucels of broadly linear to 

 oblong bracdets 2.5-4 mm. long, shorter than the fruidng pedi- 

 cels; fruit ellipsoidal, 2.5-3.5 mm. long. Aug.-Oct. Grassy 



slopes in hills; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. Si- 

 beria, Mongolia, China, Korea, Manchuria, the Caucasus, and 

 Europe. 



2. Bupleurum triradiatum Adams. B. triradiatum var. 

 alpinum Rupr.; B. ranunculoides var. triradiatum forma al- 



pinum Rupr. ex Wolff Reeun-saiko. Rhizomes short, 



thick, branched; stems tufted, 5-10(-15) cm. long, few-leaved; 

 radical leaves oblanceolate to broadly so, 5-10 cm. long, acute, 

 gradually narrowed to the base, glaucous, the cauline leaves 

 broadly oblanceolate to narrowly oblong or narrowly ovate, 

 1-3 cm. long, 5-10 mm. wide, rounded and clasping at base; 

 umbels usually solitary, sometimes 2, the involucre with 3 (-5) 

 broadly elliptic or suborbicular bracts 1-2 cm. long, the rays 

 3(-5), 1-1.5 cm. long; umbellets 3-5, rather many-flowered, 

 the involucel with 5 (-6) broadly elliptic to broadly ovate 

 bractlets, abruptly aristate-mucronate, longer than the fruit, the 



pedicels short; fruit oblong. July-Aug. High mountains; 



Hokkaido; rare. Sakhalin, Kamchatka, and e. Siberia. 



3. Eupleurum longiradiatum Turcz. var. breviradi- 

 atum F. Schmidt. B. sachalinense F. Schmidt; B. longiradi- 

 atum var. sachalinense (F. Schmidt) H. Boiss. Hotaru- 



SAiKo. Rhizomes short, with thick roots; stolons absent; 

 stems 20-100 cm. long, branched with many umbels on upper 

 part; radical leaves long-petiolate, broadly lanceolate to nar- 

 rowly oblong, usually membranous, glaucous beneath, the 



lower cauline similar but subsessile, the upper ones 5-15 cm. 

 long, 2-3.5 cm. wide, acute to acuminate with a minute awn 

 at apex, sessile and clasping at the rounded-auriculate base; 

 umbels rather numerous, 10- to 15-flowered, the involucral 

 bracts 2 or 3, small, die involucel with 3-5 lanceolate to nar- 

 rowly oblong bractlets 2-3 mm. long, the pedicels 4-5 mm. 

 long, longer than the involucel; carpels with prominent ribs. 



Aug.-Oct. Mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and 



Kyushu. s. Kuriles and Sakhalin. 



Var. longiradiatum. B. longiradiatum var. genuinum 



Wolff; B. yo\oyamae Miyabe & Tatew. O-hotaru-saiko. 



Stems taller; pedicels more slender, 6-7(-15) mm. long, 5-7 

 times as long as the flowers and 2-3 times as long as the fruit. 

 Hokkaido, Honshu, and Kyushu; rare. China, Man- 

 churia, Korea, and Amur. 



Var. shikotanense (Hiroe) Ohwi. B. shi\otanense Hiroe; 



B. aureum sensu auct. Japon., non Fisch. Kogane-saiko. 



Stems 20-30 cm. long; leaves rather thick; umbels few, the 

 pedicels 2-3 mm. long, shorter than to as long as the fruit; 

 bractlets of the involucel often slightly longer than the fruit, 



4-5 mm. long, oblong. Hokkaido (Kitami and Nemuro 



Prov.). s. Kuriles. 



4. Bupleurum nipponicum Koso-Pol. B. multinerve 

 forma minus auct. Japon., non DC. Hakusan-saiko. Rhi- 

 zomes slender; stems erect, 20-40(-50) cm. long, simple, slen- 

 der, few-leaved, sparingly branched; lower cauline leaves ob- 

 lanceolate or narrowly so, narrowed and clasping at base, the 

 median and upper ones lanceolate to broadly so, 3-10(-12) 

 cm. long, 1-2 cm. wide, subacuminate, clasping at the rounded- 

 auriculate base, the uppermost leaves deltoid-ovate, short; um- 

 bels terminal, 1-5, the rays 5-8, the involucral bracts l(-3), 

 broadly ovate, the involucel bractlets 5 or 6, ovate, obovate- 

 elliptic or obovate-oblong, abruptly acuminate, 6-8 mm. long, 

 the pedicels 2-3.5 mm. long in fruit, slender; fruit 3-3.5 mm. 



long, oblong, the carpels with slender and prominent ribs. 



July-Aug. High mountains; Honshu (centr. distr., and 

 northw.). 



Var. yesoense (Nakai) Hara. B. yesoense Nakai Ho- 



soBA-NO-KOGANE-SAiKO. Leaves acuminate; bractlets nar- 

 rowly ovate, acuminate. Hokkaido (Mountains of Hidaka 



Prov.). 



4. SANICULA L. Uma-no-mitsuba Zoku 



Glabrous, perennial or rarely annual herbs; leaves ternately compound, palmately or rarely pinnately lobed; umbels simple or 

 irregularly compound, the bracts prominent or small; flowers unisexual or polygamous, the fertile ones in the central part of 

 the umbel 1 to many, sessile, the stamina te pedicellate, usually marginal; calyx-lobes prominent, free in the fertile flowers, often 

 connate in the staminate; petals imbricate in bud, emarginate and incurved at tip; disc flat, the styles usually filiform; fruit 

 globose or ellipsoidal, the carpels orbicular in cross section, aculeolate, uncinate, or tuberculate, without a carpophore, the vittae 5 



or numerous, often obscure; seeds plane or concave on the face. About 40 species, widely dispersed over the world, except in 



Australia and the Arctic. 



lA. Fruit densely uncinate-prickly; radical leaves 6—20 cm. wide; plants stout. 



2A. Stems much-branched, with few petiolate, alternate leaves, and with many umbels in upper part 1.5. chinensis 



2B. Stems with a single pair or rarely 2 pairs of sessile leaves on upper part, naked or with a single petiolate leaf near base; umbels 

 solitary or few. 

 3A. Involucral bracts small, 1-2 mm. long, much shorter than the staminate flowers and fruits; petiolate cauline leaves sometimes 



present; umbels with 1-5 rays, the peduncles 5—30 cm. long; flowers white or purplish 2. 5. kaiensis 



3B. Involucral bracts foliaceous, 10-20 mm. long, much longer than the flowers and fruits; petiolate cauline leaves absent; umbels 



1—5, the peduncles 3-6 cm. long; flowers dark purple 3. S. rubriflora 



IB. Fruit densely armed with straight prickles or tuberculate; radical leaves 3-5 (—7) cm. wide; plants rather slender or delicate. 



4A. Umbels 1-3, on peduncles 1-3 cm. long, many-flowered; involucral bracts 4—10 mm. long, spreading; fertile flowers 1-4; fruit 



densely tuberculate, tlie upper tubercles rather fleshy-spiny 4. S. tuberculata 



4B. Umbels 3-5, on peduncles 4-7 mm. long, few-flowered; involucral bracts minute, 2-3 mm. long, aristate-acicular; fertile flowers 

 solitary; fruit densely prickly with small callose spines 5. S. lamdUgera 



