Cornaceae; Diapensiaceae 



cate; fruit globose, black, 6-^ mm. across, the stones pitted 



at tip. May-June. Mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shi- 



koku, Kyushu; common. Korea and China. 



2. Comus brachypoda C. A. Mey. C. crispula Hance; 



C. macrophylla sensu Rehd., pro parte, non Wall. Kumano- 



Mizu-Ki. Resembles the preceding; branches glabrous or 

 nearly so, becoming brownish when dry; leaves opposite, ovate 

 to narrowly so or ovate-oblong, acuminate, often abruptly so, 

 rounded to obtuse at base, whitish beneath, the lateral nerves 

 of 6-8 pairs, the petioles 1.5-3.5 cm. long; inflorescence cymose, 

 pedunculate; petals 4-5 mm. long, as long as to slightly longer 

 than the filaments, anthers about 1.5 mm. long; styles shorter 

 than the filaments, the stigma subglobose, truncate; fruit 



black, globose, about 5 mm. across, the stones unpitted. 



June-July. Mountains; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. China. 



3. Comus ofiBcinalis Sieb. & Zucc. C. mascula var. ja- 

 ponica Sieb. ex Miq.; Macrocarpium officinale (Sieb. & Zucc.) 

 Nakai Sanshuyu, Haru-koganebana, Aki-sango. Decidu- 

 ous tree; branches glabrous, terete, glaucous, with exfoliating 

 bark; leaves ovate to narrowly so or narrowly elliptic, 4-10 

 cm. long, 2.5-5 (-6) cm. wide, entire, acuminate with an ob- 

 tuse tip, rounded at base, loosely appressed-pilose above while 

 young, the hairs persistent beneath, also with axillary tufts of 

 yellow-brown hairs on under side, the lateral nerves of 6 or 7 

 pairs, the petioles 6-10 mm. long; inflorescence 20- to 30- 

 flowered, very short-pedunculate; involucral bracts 4, yellow- 

 green, early deciduous, 6-8 mm. long, elliptic, acute; flowers 

 appearing before the leaves, yellow, 4-5 mm. across, the pedi- 

 cels about 10 mm. long, loosely appressed-pilose; fruit oblong, 



about 15 mm. long, red; stone smooth. Apr. Cultivated 



in our area. ^Korea and China. 



4. Cornus kousa Buerg. ex Hance. Benthamia japonka 

 Sieb. & Zucc; C. japonica sensu G. Don; Benthamidia japonka 

 (Sieb. & Zucc.) Hara; Benthamia viridis Nakai; Benthamia 

 \ousa (Buerg. ex Hance) Nakai; Cynoxylon japonica (Sieb. & 

 Zucc.) Nakai; C. \ousa (Buerg. ex Hance) Nakai; Dendroben- 



thamia japonica (Sieb. & Zucc.) Hutchins. Yamaboshi. 



Deciduous tree with glabrescent rather slender branches; leaves 

 elliptic to ovate-orbicular, 6-12 cm. long, 3.5-7 cm. wide, 

 abruptly acuminate, abruptly acute to rounded at base, loosely 

 appressed-hairy, green on upper side, paler and with axillary 

 tufts of brown hairs beneath, the lateral nerves of 4 or 5 pairs, 

 the petioles 5-10 mm. long; inflorescence terminal, the pedun- 

 cles 5-10 cm. long, erect, loosely appressed-pilose while young; 

 involucral bracts 4, spreading, longer than the inflorescence, 

 persistent, narrowly ovate, 3-6 cm. long, acuminate, usually 



white, with few parallel nerves; flowers 20-30, in a dense 

 globose head, yellow-green; fruit globose, red, fleshy, the 

 syncarp 1-1.5 cm. across; stones ellipsoidal, smooth. June- 

 July. Mountains; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. 



Korea and China. 



Comus florida L. Amerika-yamaboshi, of e. United 

 States, is sometimes planted in parks and gardens. 



5. Cornus canadensis L. Chamaepericlymenum cana- 



dense (L.) Asch. & Graebn. Gozen-tachibana. Small 



evergreen herb with slender, long-creeping rhizomes; stems 

 erect, slender, 5-15 cm. long, 4-angled, glabrous to sparsely 

 appressed-pilose, usually unbranched; flowering stems with a 

 pair of terminal leaves and with few smaller axillary leaves, 

 thus appearing 6-leaved at the top of stem; leaves subsessile, 

 narrowly obovate to rhombic-elliptic, 3-6 cm. long, 1-2.5 cm. 

 wide, acute at both ends or acuminate at the base, appressed- 

 pilose on both sides or only on upper surface, sometimes nearly 

 glabrous on both sides, the lateral nerves rising near the base, 

 of 2 or 3 pairs; peduncles erect, 1.5-3 cm. long; involucral 

 bracts 4, broadly ovate, 7-10 mm. long, acute, white, persistent, 

 5- to 7-nerved; flowers 10-25, short-pedicelled; petals reflexed, 

 about 1.5 mm. long, lanceolate-deltoid; petals usually white; 

 ovary densely appressed-hairy; fruit globose, red, 5-6 mm. 



across, appressed-pilose; stones oblong, shallowly grooved. 



June-July. Coniferous woods; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. 



distr. and northw.), Shikoku (alpine); common. Amur, 



Sakhalin, Kuriles, Kamchatka, Korea, and N. America. 



6. Cornus suecica L. Chamaepericlymenum suecicum 



(L.) Asch. & Graebn. Ezo-gozen-tachibana. Resembles 



the preceding; stems erect, 5-20 cm. long, simple or sparingly 

 branched, 4-angled, glabrous to loosely appressed-pilose, with 

 4 or 5 distinct pairs of opposite leaves; leaves sessile, ovate- 

 elliptic to oblong or sometimes broadly ovate, 1.5-3 cm. long, 

 1-2 cm. wide, subrounded to subacute, rounded to subacute at 

 base, sparingly appressed-pilose on upper side, the lateral 

 nerves of 2(-3)-pairs, rising near the base; inflorescence termi- 

 nal and solitary, 10- to 20-flowered, the peduncles 1-2 cm. 

 long; involucral bracts 4, broadly elliptic to ovate-orbicular, 

 sometimes rhombic, 6-8 mm. long, subobtuse, white, 5- to 7- 

 nerved; flowers short-pedicelled; petals purplish; ovary usu- 

 ally sparingly appressed-hairy; fruit globose, red, 5-6 mm. 



across, glabrous; stones slightly grooved. July. Coniferous 



woods in lowlands; Hokkaido (e. distr.); rare. Europe, 



Siberia, Korea, Manchuria, Sakhalin, Kuriles, Kamchatka, and 

 N. America. 



2. Metachlamydeae Gamopetalae 

 Fam. 156. DIAPENSIACEAE Iwa-ume Ka Diapensia Family 



Small shrubs or herbs; leaves simple, small and densely arranged on branchlets or loosely arranged and rather small; flowers 

 bisexual, actinomorphic, solitary or in racemes or sometimes headlike, white, rose, or purple; calyx 5-lobed, persistent, the lobes 

 imbricate in bud; corolla 5-lobed, the lobes imbricate; stamens adnate to and as many as the corolla-lobes and alternate with 

 them, the scalelike or spathulate staminodia, when present, opposite the corolla-lobes; anthers 1- or 2-locular, usually longitudinally 

 dehiscent, the disc absent; ovary superior, 3-locular, the ovules few to many, on axile placentae; style solitary, the stigma 3-lobed; 



capsule loculicidally dehiscent; seeds small, with fleshy endosperm; embryo cylindric. About 6 genera, with 10 species, in 



Europe, Asia, N. America. 



lA. Staminodia absent; densely matted subshrubs; leaves very small, 7-15 mm. long, entire, obovate-spathulate; flowers solitary and 

 terminal 1. Diapensia 



IB. Staminodia alternate with the stamens, scalelike or spathulate-linear; typically not densely matted; leaves flattish, rather large, 2-6 

 cm. long, long-petiolate, toothed, ovate to depressed-orbicular; flowers in racemes, solitary or few 2. Shortia 



