Pyrolaceae 



691 



6A, Flowers white, bracts deltoid-lanceolate, gradually narrowed at tip, very acute A. P. japonica 



6B. Flowers deep rose-colored; bracts oblong-lanceolate, abruptly acute 5. P. incarnata 



2B. Style straight, not curved, 3-4 mm. long; calyx -segments elliptic, subacute; leaves elliptic; bracts broadly lanceolate, acute. 



6. P. jaurieana 

 IB. Inflorescence minutely papillose; leaves ovate, subacute to obtuse, subverticillate on lower creeping part of stems; flowers in a one- 

 sided rather dense raceme, about 5 mm. across, greenish; pores of anthers not tubulose; disc 10-lobed; pollen grains single. 



7. P. secunda 



1. Pyrola renifolia Maxim. P. sodanelUfoUa H. Andres. 

 Jin-y6-ichi-y.\ku-s6. Rhizomes very slender, long-creep- 

 ing; leaves 1-3, approximate, dull, deep green but paler along 

 the ner\'es above, pale green beneath, reniform-orbicular or 

 subreniform, 1-3 cm. long, 1.5-4 cm. wide, obsoletely toothed, 

 rounded at apex, the petioles 2-5 cm. long; scapes 10-20 cm. 

 long, rarely with a minute scale; flowers 1-A, 1-1.2 cm. across, 

 white to greenish, the bracts linear-lanceolate, 1-2 mm. long, 

 much shorter than die pedicel; calyx-segments suborbicular or 

 depressed-deltoid, obtuse to rounded at the tip; style exserted; 

 capsules 5-6 mm. across. Damp coniferous woods in moun- 

 tains; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. and n. distr.). s. Kuriles, 



Sakhalin, Korea, Manchuria, and Amur. 



2. Pyrola nephrophylla (H. Andres) H. Andres. P. 

 media sensu auct. Japon., non Sw.; P. rottindifolia 3. nephro- 

 phylla H. Andres Maruba-no-ichi-yaku-s6. Rhizomes 



slender, long-creeping; leaves 2-5, approximate, depressed- 

 orbicular, 1-2.5 cm. long, 1.5-3.5 cm. wide, rounded at apex, 

 rounded-truncate or slightly cordate at base, obsoletely toothed, 

 the petioles 2-5 cm. long; scapes 10-20 cm. long, 1- to 3-scaled, 

 the scales broadly lanceolate, membranous, 7-12 mm. long, 

 acuminate; flowers 4-7, rarely to 10, white, 1-1.2 cm. across, 

 the bracts lanceolate, membranous, acuminate, 4-7 mm. long, 

 nearly as long as the pedicels; calyx-segments deltoid, acumi- 

 nate or very acute; styles exserted; capsules 4-6 mm. across. 



Damp woods in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, 



Kyushu. s. Kuriles. 



3. Pyrola alpina H. Andres. P. elliptica var. minor 



Maxim.; P. maximowicziana Makino Koea-no-ichi-yaku- 



s6. Rhizomes slender, long-creeping; leaves 4-8, approxi- 

 mate or nearly so, deep green, elliptic, obsoletely toothed, 

 rounded to abruptly mucronate at apex, rounded to subtrun- 

 cate, rarely somewhat acute at base, the petioles 1-3 cm. long; 

 scapes 10-20 cm. long, erect, the scales linear-lanceolate, acumi- 

 nate, 3-7 mm. long, sometimes absent; flowers 3-5, rarely to 

 7, white, 12-15 mm. across, the bracts broadly linear, gradu- 

 ally acuminate, 3-5 mm. long; calyx-segments deltoid, acumi- 

 nate; styles exserted; capsules 4-5 mm. across. July-Aug. 



Woods in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu. 



4. Pyrola japonica Klenze ex Alef. P. asarijolia var. 

 japonica Miq.; P. rottindijolia var. albifiora Maxim.; P. ellip- 

 tica var. intermedia H. Boiss.; P. denticiilata Koidz.; P. in- 

 carnata var. japonica (Klenze ex Alef.) Koidz. Ichi-yaku- 



s6. Rhizomes creeping; leaves 1-5, rarely to 8, approximate, 

 elliptic, 4-7 cm. long, 2.5-4.5 cm. wide, rounded to obtuse at 

 apex, rounded to subacute at base, deep green with paler 

 nerves on upper side, rather loosely and obsoletely toothed, die 

 petioles 3-8 cm. long; scapes 15-30 cm. long, angled, 5- to 12- 

 flowered, often with 1 or sometimes 2 scales near the middle, 

 the bracts linear-lanceolate, gradually narrowed from the base, 

 long-acuminate, 5-8 mm. long, with a raised costa on the 

 back, longer than to as long as the pedicels; flowers white, 

 12-15 mm. across; calyx-segments broadly lanceolate to nar- 

 rowly ovate, 2.5-3 times as long as wide, acute; styles exserted; 



capsules 7-8 mm. across. June-July. Woods in foothills; 



Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Korea, Manchuria, 



and Formosa. Forma subaphylla (Maxim.) Ohwi. P. 



stibaphylla Maxim.; P. rottindijolia var. incarnata forma sub- 

 aphylla (Maxim.) Makino; P. japonica var. subaphylla 



(Ma.xim.) H. Andres Hitotsuba-ichi-yaku-s6. Leaves 



mostly reduced to scales. Occurs rarely with the typical phase. 



5. Pyrola incarnata Fisch. P. rotundijolia var. purpurea 

 Bunge; P. rotundijolia var. incarnata DC; P. asarijolia var. 



incarnata (Fisch.) Fern.; P. to\ugoensis Nakai Benibana- 



icHi-YAKU-so. Rhizomes creeping, the plants forming an 

 extensive loose mat; leaves 3-5, approximate, elliptic or ovate- 

 elliptic, rounded to very obtuse, rounded or scarcely cordate, 

 rarely subacute at base, lustrous above, deep green, obsoletely 

 short-toothed, the petioles 3-5 cm. long; scapes 10-25 cm. 

 long, angled, die scales 1-3, broadly lanceolate to narrowly 

 oblong, 7-10 mm. long; flowers 7-15, deep rose-colored, 12-15 

 mm. across, the bracts broadly lanceolate, membranous, acumi- 

 nate, 5-8 mm. long, longer than the pedicels; calyx-segments 

 narrowly ovate to broadly lanceolate, acuminate, 3-4 times as 



long as wide; styles exserted; capsules 7-8 mm. across. 



June-Aug. Thickets and shaded grassy places in mountains; 

 Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. and n. distr.); locally abundant. 



Kuriles, Kamchatka, e. Siberia, Korea, Manchuria, n. 



China, and N. America. 



6. Pyrola faurieana H. Andres. P. minor sensu auct. 

 Japon., non L. Karafuto-ichi-yaku-so. Rhizomes creep- 

 ing, slender; leaves 3-7, approximate, ovate-elliptic, ovate- 

 orbicular, or broadly elliptic, 2.5-3.5 cm. long, 2-3 cm. wide, 

 rounded and mucronulate at apex, rounded or shallowly cor- 

 date at base and abrupdy decurrent, obsoletely short-toothed, 

 the petioles 2-4 cm. long; scapes 10-20 cm. long, angular, 

 naked except for a few basal scales; racemes rather densely 7- 

 to 17-flowered; flowers white, sometimes pinkish, about 6 mm. 

 across, the bracts lanceolate, membranous, 4-6 mm. long; 

 calyx-segments ellipdc or broadly ovate, subacute, about 1.5 

 times as long as wide; styles thick, scarcely curved; anthers 



short. July-Aug. Hokkaido, Honshu (mountains in n. 



distr.) ; rare. s. Kuriles and Sakhalin. 



7. Pyrola secunda L. Orthilia par vi flora Raf.; Ramis- 



chia secunda (L.) Garcke; O. secunda (L.) House Ko-ichi- 



YAKU-so. Rhizomes creeping, with few whorls of false leaf 

 verdcels in 3's or 4's; leaves thinly coriaceous to herbaceous, 

 ovate to broadly so or sometimes elliptic, 1.5-3 cm. long, 1-2 

 (-2.5) cm. wide, acute to subobtuse, rounded at base, the peti- 

 oles 1-1.5 cm. long; scapes slender, 7-12 cm. long, loosely and 

 minutely papillose, the scales 1-3, narrowly ovate or broadly 

 lanceolate, 2-5 mm. long, rather densely 8- to 15-flowered; 

 flowers greenish white, one-sided, about 5 mm. across, the 

 bracts membranous, broadly oblanceolate or broadly lanceo- 

 late, 3-5 mm. long, abruptly acute, the margins somewhat 

 hyaline, the pedicels slender, rather prominently papillose; 

 calyx-segments depressed-orbicular, minutely toothed, about 

 as long as wide; styles long-exserted; capsules about 4 mm. 



across. July-Aug. Damp coniferous woods; Hokkaido, 



Honshu (centr. and n. distr.). Widely distributed in boreal 



areas of the Northern Hemisphere. 



