Pyrolaceae; Ericaceae 693 



flower; flowers terminal, solitary, tubular-campanulate, nod- stems and inflorescence; scales 20-30, suberect, ovate-oblong or 



ding, about 2 cm. long; sepals deciduous, scalelike; petals 5, broadly lanceolate, 1-1.5 cm. long, 5-7 mm. wide, usually 



fleshy, cuneate or obovate-oblong, erect, irregularly denticulate acuminate, the upper ones often irregularly toothed, rather 



in upper part, usually long-pubescent inside, gibbous, decidu- fleshy; flowers few, tubular-campanulate, 1-1.5 cm. long, in a 



ous; capsules ellipsoid-globose, about 12 mm. long, erect; nodding raceme; petals cuneate-oblong, deciduous after antlie- 



style thick, 3-4 mm. long, die stigma glabrous. Aug.-Oct. sis, rather fleshy, saccate at base, rounded to obtuse and ir- 



Damp woods in hills and mountains; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyu- regularly toothed at apex; capsules ellipsoid-globose, 5-7 mm. 



shu. N. America, e. Asia, and India. long; style rather thick, 3-5 mm. long. July. Woods in 



2. Monotropa hypopitys L. Hypopitys multiflora Scop.; mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Europe, 



H. monotropa Crantz; M. hypopitys var. japonica Fr. & Sav. Siberia, Sakhalin, s. Kuriles, China, Formosa, Korea, Man- 



Shakuj6-so. Pale yellow-brown, rather fleshy sapro- churia, and N. America. 



phytic herb becoming black when dry, usually pubescent on 



5. MONOTROPASTRUM H. Andres Ginryo-so Zoku 



Usually white, saprophytic, fleshy herbs; stems simple, scaly; flowers tubular-campanulate, nodding, solitary; calyx of separate, 

 scalelike lobes which simulate the upper scalelike leaves; petals 3-5, fleshy, erect, saccate at base, slightly longer than the sepals; 

 stamens about 10, erect, the filaments linear, usually pubescent, the anther-locules horizontally divergent, tranversely split; disc 

 lO-lobed, adnate to the base of the ovary; ovary ovoid, 1-locular, with parietal placentation; style very short, thick, the stigma 



infundibuliform, indigo-blue on the margin, depressed in the center; berry nodding, ovoid-globose; seeds very many, small. 



Few species, in e. Asia and India. 



1. Monotropastrum globosum H. Andres. Monotropa flowers terminal, 15-25 mm. long; sepals 1-3, oblong; petals 



iinl flora sensu auct. Japon., pro parte; Monotropa iini flora var. 3-5, cuneate-oblong, 1.5-2 cm. long, 5-10 mm. wide, rounded, 



Iripctala Makino; Monotropastrum globosum var. tripctalum saccate at base, white pubescent inside; filaments white-pubes- 



(Makino) Honda- Ginry6-s6, Yurei-t.\ke, Marumi-no-gin- cent, the anthers papillose; style short, the stigma dilated, 3-5 



ry6-s6. Usually white, rarely somewhat roseate, fleshy herb mm. across; berry erect, ovoid-globose, abruptly narrowed to 



becoming black when dry; stems erect, 10-20 cm. long, terete, the very short thick style; seeds ovoid, small. Apr.-Aug. 



often long-pubescent in upper part; scales 10-20, suberect. Damp woods in hills and mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shi- 

 alternate, oblong, narrowly or broadly ovate, 7-20 mm. long, koku, Kyushu. Sakhalin, s. Kuriles, Ryukyus, and Korea. 



5-10 mm. wide, rounded to obtuse, sometimes denticulate; 



Fam. 159. ERICACEAE Tsutsuji Ka Heath Family 



Shrubs or small trees with alternate, rarely opposite or verticillate, deciduous or evergreen, simple, entire or toodied exsdpulate 

 leaves; flowers bisexual, acrinomorphic or slightly zygomorphic, solitary, in racemes or panicles, or sometimes umbellate; calyx 

 persistent, usually 4- or 5-lobed; corolla usually gamopetalous, rarely of separate petals, infundibuliform, campanulate, or ureco- 

 late, the lobes 4 or 5 or rarely fewer or many, imbricate or contorted in bud; stamens as many or twice as many as the corolla- 

 lobes, inserted at the base of disc; anthers 2-locular, often appendaged, opening by pores or very rarely longitudinally dehiscent; 

 ovary superior, sometimes inferior, 2- to 5-locular, the ovules many; style and stigma single and solitary; fruit a capsule or berry; 



seeds small, numerous, with endosperm; embryo small, in the center of the seed. About 70 genera, with more dian 1,500 



species, chiefly in the temperate and cooler regions of both hemispheres and in mountains of the Tropics. 



lA. Ovary superior. 

 2A. Fruit a septicidal capsule; seed-coat loose, prominently striate, the seeds often winged; anthers without appendage. 

 3A. Petals free. 



4A. Petals 3; stamens 6; ovary 3-locular; leaves deciduous, glandless; flowers in racemes or panicles 1. Tripelateia 



4B. Petals 5; stamens 5-10; ovary 5-locular; leaves evergreen, with sessile discoid glands; flowers Ln umbellate corymbs. . . 2. Ledum 

 3B. Petals united. 



5A. Leaves ovate to lanceolate, flat. 



6A. Flowers tubular-campanulate or urceolate, 4-merous, nodding; stamens not exsertcd 3. Menziesia 



6B. Flowers infundibuliform, rotate or sometimes tubular-campanulate, mosdy 5-mcrous; stamens usually exsertcd. 



4. Rhododendron 

 5B. Leaves usually linear, with prominently recurved or revolute margins. 

 7A. Leaves alternate. 



8A. Flowers solitary and terminal, the corolla rotate, deeply 4-partcd; stamens 8; capsules 4-valvcd 5. Bryanthiis 



8B. Flowers umbellate and terminal, the corolla urceolate or campanulate, shallowly 5-lobcd; stamens 10; capsules with 5 



bilobcd valves 6. Phyllodoce 



7B. Leaves opposite; flowers subumbellatc; corolla infundibuliform-campanulatc; anthers longitudinally split 7. Loiseleuria 



2B. Fruit a loculicidal capsule or rarely bcrrylikc. 

 9A. Fruit a capsule, rarely bcrrylikc. 

 lOA. Leaves opposite or tcrnatc. 



II. A.. Leaves opposite, decussate, scalclikc, closely appressed to the branches and branchlcts; flowers axillary 8. Cassiope 



I IB. Leaves tcrnatc or partly opposite, small, flat, spreading, rather loosely arranged on the stems and branches; flowers in a 

 terminal verticil of 3 or in short racemes 9. Arctcrica 



