Ebenaceae; Symplocaceae 725 



4. Diospyros kaki Thunb. D. \aki var. domestica Ma- late, pubescent especially on the outside of lobes; fruit globose, 



kino Kakino-ki. Deciduous tree, the branches lend- ovoid, 4-8 cm. in diameter. June. Widely cultivated in 



cellate, gray-brown or gray-white, young branchlets promi- Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. 



nently brownish pilose; leaves broadly elliptic, obovate or Var. sylvestris Makino. Yamacaki. Wild phase, more 



ovate-elliptic, 7-17 cm. long, 4-10 cm. wide, abrupdy acute, densely pubescent; leaves rather small and narrower; ovary 



rounded to broadly cuneate or acute at base, entire, puberulent pilose. Honshu (w. distr.), Shikoku, Kyushu. s. Korea 



on midrib on upper side, usually brownish pilose beneath, the and China, 

 pedoles 1-1.5 cm. long; flowers pale yellow; corolla campanu- 



Fam. 164. SYMPLOCACEAE Hai-no-ki Ka Symplocos Family 



Evergreen or deciduous shrubs or trees; leaves simple, alternate, exstipulate; flowers in axillary or terminal spikes, racemes, or 

 panicles, or somedmes solitary, actinomorphic, bisexual or rarely polygamous; calyx-lobes 5, valvate in bud; corolla 3- to ll-parted 

 or -divided; stamens inserted on the corolla, 4 to many, free or variously connate, in 1-4 series, the anthers 2-locular, longi- 

 tudinally dehiscent; ovary inferior or subinferior, 2- to 5-locular; ovules 2-A in each locule, pendulous; style single, slender; fruit 

 a drupe or berry, crowned with the persistent calyx-lobes; seeds solitary in each locule, endosperm copious; embryo straight or 

 curved. One genus with about 300 species, in Asia, Australia, and America, sometimes divided into several smaller genera. 



1. SYMPLOCOS Jacq. Hai-no-ki Zoku 



Characters of the family. The Japanese species are sometimes placed into the segregate genera Pahtra Hamilt. ex Miers, and 

 Dicalyxhom. (Bobua DC). 



lA. Deciduous trees and shrubs; inflorescence paniculate; flowers polygamous "Pahtra** 



2A. Leaves broadly obovate, 3-5 cm. wide, caudate, coarsely serrate; fruit bluish black 1. 5. corcana 



2B. Leaves obovate to oblong, usually narrower, the teeth smaller and incurved. 



3A. Leaves obovate-cuneatc, sometimes oblong or elliptic, abruptly acute to short-acuminate; fruit bluish, rarely white. 



2. S. chinensis var. leucocarpa 



3B. Leaves oblong to elliptic, acuminate to acute at both ends, or ovate and rounded at the base; fruit black 3.5. paniculata 



IB. Evergreen trees and shrubs; inflorescence spicate or racemose; flowers bisexual. 



'lA. Inflorescence racemose; pedicels 8-15 mm. long, as long as to longer than the flowers 4. 5. myrtacea 



4B. Inflorescence spicate or capitate; pedicels absent or shorter than the flowers. 



5A. Flowers sessile; inflorescence spicate, headlike or elongate; bracts and bracteoles persistent. 

 6A. Spikes elongate, 1-7 cm. long; fruit 5-6 mm. long. 



7A. Branchlets yellow-brown pilose; leaves chartaceous, rather thin, 4-6 (-8) cm. long, long-caudate, slightly lustrous beneath; 

 petioles 2—4 mm. long; spikes 1—3 cm. long, simple, yellow-brown pilose; corolla-lobes about 2 mm. long; fruit broadly 



ellipsoidal 5. 5. lancijolia 



7B. Branchlets glabrous or brownish appressed -pilose while young; leaves coriaceous, whitish and dull beneath; petioles 7-12 mm. 



long; spikes 3-7 cm. long, often branched at base, brown-pilose; corolla-lobes about 3 mm. long; fruit urccolate. 



8A. Leaves 10-15 cm. long, with slender, scarcely raised lateral nerves beneath; branches slender; fruit about 5 mm. long. 



6. S. theophrastacjolia 



8B. Leaves 15-23 cm. long, with raised lateral nerves beneath; branches thick; fruit about 6 mm. long 7. 5. kptoensis 



6B. Spikes very short and nearly headlike; fruit 1-2 cm. long. 



9A. Young branchlets, petioles, and midrib of leaves beneath reddish; leaves oblong-lanceolate to broadly oblanceolate, glaucous 



beneath, deep green on upper side 8. 5. glaiica 



9B. Young branchlets, petioles, and midrib of leaves beneath yellow-green; leaves elliptic to narrowly oblong, pale green be- 

 neath, vivid- to yellow-green on upper side. 

 lOA. Leaves 10-15 cm. long, the midrib not raised on upper side; branches often slightly angled; fruit 2-2.2 cm. long. 



9. 5. lanakae 

 lOB. Leaves 4-7 cm. long, with a raised midrib on upper side; branches distinctly trigonous while young; fruit 1-1.5 cm. long. 



10. 5. liicida 

 5B. Flowers short -pcdiccllcd; bracts and bracteoles caducous; young branchlets glabrous, trigonous, gray-brown; leaves narrowly 



elliptic, 5-8 cm. long, coriaceous, with an impressed midrib on upper side; fruit ovoid-oblong, 7-8 mm. long. . . 11.5. prunijolia 



1. Symplocos coreana (Lev.) Ohwi. S. crataegoides black, 6-7 mm. in diameter. June. Honshu (Kanto Distr. 



forma major Fr. & Sav.; Cotoneaster coreanus Lev.; S. argiiti- and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. Korea (Quelpaert Isl.). 



dens t^aksi; Palura argutidens (Nakai) Nakai; Paltira coreana 2. Symplocos chinensis (Lour.) Druce var. leucocarpa 



(Lev.) Nakai Tanna-sawa-futagi. Large deciduous (Nakai) Ohwi. 5. paniculata var. leucocarpa Nakai; Palura 



shrub, with exfoliating bark; branches gray-brown, glabrous; paniculata var. leucocarpa (Nakai) Nakai; 5. crataegoides 



leaves broadly obovate, 5-8 cm. long, 3-5 cm. wide, caudate, var. leucocarpa (Nakai) Makino & Nemoto; Palura chinensis 



broadly cuneate at base, coarsely serrate, pale green and pilose var. leucocarpa (Nakai) Hara. Shiromi-no-sawa-futagi. 



especially on nerves beneath, die petioles 3-7 mm. long; pani- Large deciduous shrub, with longitudinally fissured bark; 



cles 4-7 cm. long, pilose or glabrous; flowers white, 6-7 mm. branches gray-brown, short curved-hairy while young, glabres- 



across, on short slender pedicels; calyx-teeth membranous, cent; leaves obovatc-cuneate, sometimes oblong or elliptic, 



ovate-rounded; stamens slighdy longer than the corolla, more 4-7(-10) cm. long, abruptly acute to short-acuminate, some- 



or less fasciculate in 5 groups; fruit obliquely ovoid, bluish times rounded at apex, with short incurved teeth, scattered- 



