Oleaceae 



731 



3. OSMANTHUS Lour. Mokusei Zoku 



Glabrous evergreen dioecious trees or large shrubs; leaves coriaceous, opposite, simple, penninerved, petiolate, entire or 

 toothed; flowers small, unisexual or polygamous, axillary, fasciculate, short-racemose; calyx short, 4-toothed; corolla short-tubular, 

 4-lobed, imbricate in bud; stamens 2, rarely 4, the filaments short, the anthers ovoid, subextrorsc; ovary 2-!ocular, superior; styles 

 short, tlie stigma entire; ovules 2 in each locule; drupe ellipsoidal or globose, the endocarp thick; seeds solitary, with a thin testa, 

 endosperm fleshy. More than 10 species in e. Asia, one in se. U.S.A. 



lA. Leaves entire or serrulate, the midrib impressed above, the lateral nerves distinctly raised beneath; wild and cultivated species. 



2A. Leaves narrowly oblong or broadly oblong-lanceolate; flowers yellow to orange 1.0. auranliacus var. thunbergii 



2B. Leaves oblong or narrowly ovate-oblong; flowers white 2. 0. fragrans 



IB. Leaves entire or coarsely spiny-toothed, the midrib flat above, the lateral nerves slightly raised beneath; indigenous species. 



3A. Leaves 3-5 (-7) cm. long, with few large teeth or entire 3. 0. fieterophylliis 



3B. Leaves 7-15 cm. long, usually entire, or sometimes with large teeth in young specimens. 



4A. Leaves relatively thin to subcoriaccous, long-acuminate 4. 0. insularis 



4B. Leaves very thickly coriaceous, abruptly acute 5. O. rigidus 



1. Osmanthus aurantiacus (Makino) Nakai var. thun- wide, acuminate, lustrous and dark green above, pale green 

 bergii (Makino) Honda. Osmanthus intermedius 'Naka.i; Olea or yellowish green beneath, glabrous, coarsely spiny-toothed in 

 fragrans Thunb.; Osmanthus fragrans var. thunbergii Makino young and vigorous individuals, entire and obtuse in adult 



UsuGi-MOKUSEi. Large glabrous evergreen shrub with trees, the petioles 7-12 mm. long; flowers white, 4-5 mm. 



pale gray-brown branches; leaves narrowly oblong or broadly across, the pedicels 5-12 mm. long; calyx-lobes ovate-deltoid, 



oblong-lanceolate, 7-12 cm. long, 2.5-4 cm. wide, acuminate, entire; fruit elliptic, purple-black, 12-15 mm. long. Oct.- 



acute at base, deep green above, serrulate especially toward Dec. Honshu (Kanto Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



the tip or subentire, the petioles 7-15 mm. long; flowers about Formosa. Several cultivars are grown in gardens. 



5 nun. across, pale yellow, the pedicels 7-10 mm. long. Osmanthus X fortunei Carr. Olea japonica Sieb., nom. 



Sept. Kyushu (s. distr.); planted chiefly in the western parts nud.; Osmanthus fortunei var. cordifolius Carr.; O. fortunei 

 of our area. China and India. var. ovatus Hort. ex Carr.; O. ilicif alius var. latif alius Hort. ex 



Var. auranthiacus. O. fragrans var. aurantiacus Makino; Mouill.; O. latifolius Hort. ex Mouill. pro syn.; O. aquifoliuvi 



O. a«ran/;aa/^ (Makino) Nakai; O. fragrans iorma aurantiacus var. ilicif alius latifolius Hort. ex Nichols.; O. japonicus Sieb. 



(Makino) P. S. Green Kin-mokusei. Flowers orange- ex Makino; O. aquifalium var. japanicus (Sieb. ex Makino) 



yellow. Commonly cultivated in our area. Makino Hiiragi-mokusei. Leaves rather large, semi- 



2. Osmanthus fragrans Lour. O. asiaticus Nakai; O. lustrous, elliptic, 6-10 cm. long, 3-5 cm. wide, entire or coarsely 



fragrans var. latifolius Makino; O. latifolius (Makino) Koidz. spine-toothed; calyx-lobes denticulate. Hybrid of O. frag- 



GiN-MOKUsEi. Large glabrous shrub with grayish rans X O. heterophyllus. Much cultivated. 



branches; leaves coriaceous, oblong, sometimes narrowly so or 4. Osmanthus insularis Koidz. O. zentaraanus Ma.Vmo; 



narrowly ovate-oblong, 8-13 cm. long, 3-5 cm. wide, abruptly O. hachijoensis Nakai Nataore-no-ki, Satsuma-mokusei. 



acuminate, acute to nearly rounded at base, deep green, serru- Glabrous evergreen tree with grayish branches and often 



late or entire, the petioles 7-13 mm. long; flowers about 5 mm. slightly flattened branchlets; leaves relatively thin to subcoria- 



across, white, the pedicels 7-10 mm. long. Sept. Thought ceous, narrowly oblong or ovate-oblong, 7-10(-12) cm. long, 



to be spontaneous in mountains of Kyushu; widely cultivated 2.5-4 (-5) cm. wide, acuminate, acute to acuminate at base, en- 



in our area. China. tire, or with 3-10 coarse spiny teeth on each side in young 



3. Osmanthus heterophyllus (G. Don) P. S. Green, individuals, the petioles 1.5-2.5 cm. long, dilated in upper part; 

 Ilex aquifotium nee. Thunb., non L.; /. heterophylla G. Don; flowers white, the pedicels 7-10 mm. long; calyx-lobes deltoid, 



Olea ilicifalia Hassk.; Olea aquifalium Sieb. & Zucc; Os- minutely toothed; fruit ellipsoidal, black, 15-20 mm. long. 



manthus aquifalium Sieb.; /. odara Sieb. ex Miq.; Olea Nov.-Dcc. Honshu (Wakasa Prov. and westw. and Izu Isls.), 



aquifalium var. subintegra (Miq.) Miq.; Osmanthus hetero- Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus, Bonins, s. Korea (Hamilton 



phyllus Hort. ex Koch; Olea aquifalium var. ilicifalia Hort. Isl.). 



ex Dipp.; Osmanthus ilicifolius (Hassk.) Hort. ex Carr.; 5. Osmanthus rigidus Nakai. O-mokusei. Glabrous 



Osmanthus diversifalius Hort. ex Mouill.; O. aquifalium evergreen large shrub \\'ith gray-white branches and thick, 



f. subangulatus Makino; O. integrifalius Hayata; O. ilicifalius lenticellate branchlets; leaves very thick-coriaceous, oblong, 



var. subangulatus (Makino) Makino; O. ilicifolius undulati- 8-15 cm. long, 3-6 cm. wide, acute at both ends, entire, die 



falius Makino; O. ilicifalius f. subangulatus (Makino) Makino petioles reddish, 2-3 cm. long, dilated in upper part; flowers 



6 Nemoto Hiiragi. Much-branched large shrub or tree; white, 6-7 mm. across, the pedicels about I cm. long, recurved 



branches pale grayish brown, branchlets minutely papillose, in fruit; calyx-lobes deltoid, entire. Oct.-Nov. Kyushu (s. 



puberulent while young; leaves coriaceous, dimorphic, elliptic, distr.); possibly not spontaneous. Tokara Isls. (according 



ovate, oblong, or obovate-elliptic, 3-5(-7) cm. long, 2-3 cm. to S. Hatusima). 



4. FORSYTfflA Vahl Rengyo Zoku 



Deciduous shrubs; branches hollow or witii lamellate pith; leaves simple or 3-foliolate, opposite, entire or toothed; flowers het- 

 erostylous, precocious, short-pedicelled, yellow; calyx-tulse short, the lobes 4; corolla 4-lobed, with a short broad tube, the limb 

 spreading, die lobes much longer than die tube, imbricate in bud; stamens 2, inserted at base of corolla, the filaments short, the 

 anthers scarcely exserted; ovary 2-locular, with 4- to 10-ovules in each locule; capsules 2-valved; seeds winged, endosperm want- 

 ing. About 6 species, 1 in Albania, the others in e. Asia. 



