Gentianaceae 



737 



9B. Rosulatc leaves absent; cauline leaves gradually spreading 10. C zollingcri 



1 B. Perennial herbs with rhizomes or creeping stems. 



1 1 A. Leaves opposite; flowering stems single or few together. 



12A. Rhizomes absent or obscure; stems creeping; leaves 7-15 mm. long, 3-6 mm. wide; seeds ellipsoid-fusiform, smooth. 



13A. Plaits of corolla deltoid, incurved and covering the throat; corolla-tubc narrow, not dilated 11. G. jamesii 



13B. Plaits of corolla spreading at anthesis; corolla-tube gradually dilated in upper part 12. C nipponica 



12B. Rhizomes short or elongate, sometimes stout; creeping stems absent; leaves longer (except in No. 13; and wider. 



HA. Flowers short-pedunculate; rhizomes with short innovation shoots with leaves rosulate at apex; seeds rather flat, winged. 

 15A. Rosette and cauline leaves about the same size, 8-17 mm. long; flowers pale blue, about 2 cm. long; capsules long-stipitate. 



13. G. glaiica 

 15B. Rosette leaves 8-15 cm. long, the cauline leaves few, 2-5 cm. long; flowers pale yellow, blue-green spotted, 3.5-5 cm. long; 



capsules short-stipitate 14. G. algida 



143. Flowers sessile; rhizomes without rosulate leaves; seeds lanceolate, with a short tail at each end. 



16A. Stems with few pairs of leaves; leaves ovate to rhombic-oblong or obovate, subpetiolate; calyx-lobes ovate or ovate-cordate, 



spreading 15. G. sikpkiana 



16B. Stems with few to many pairs of leaves; leaves lanceolate to broadly so, sessile; calyx-lobes erect, linear to linear-lanceolate. 



17A. Leaves green, papillose on margin in the upper ones; stems usually red-brown 16. G. scabra var. biiergeri 



17B. Leaves glaucescent, nearly smooth; stems scarcely red-brown. 



18A. Flowers 22-30 mm. long; corolla-lobes not fully spreading 17. G. ma^inoi 



18B. Flowers 4-5 cm. long; corolla-lobes spreading 18. G. triflora 



lis. Leaves verticillate in 4's, linear-lanceolate, 1-2 cm. long, 2-3 mm. wide; stems 7-30 cm. long; flowers 6- to 8-merous. 



19. G. yaktishimensis 



1. Gentiana yabei Takeda & Hara. G. detonsa var. 



albiflora Yabe; Gentianella yabei Hara, in syn. Shirouma- 



RiNDo. Smooth biennial; stems erect, few-flowered, 5-40 

 cm. long, simple or sparingly branched, with few pairs of 

 leaves; lower leaves obovate-spatJiulate, obtuse to rounded, 

 the median ones largest, ovate-oblong or broadly lanceolate, 

 2-7 cm. long, 1-2.5 cm. wide, subacute, sessile, ascending, the 

 upper leaves smaller and narrower; flowers 4- to 5-merous, 

 2.5-3.5 cm. long, the peduncles (l-)5-12 cm. long, the bracts 

 absent; calyx-tube 1-1.5 cm. long, 4- or 5-angled, the lobes 

 erect, deltoid-lanceolate, unequal, usually shorter than the tube, 

 acuminate; corolla 25-35 mm. long, pale blue, the lobes short, 

 obtuse, fimbriate near base; capsules shorter than the corolla, 

 short-stipitate; seeds minutely spinulose. Aug.-Sept. Al- 

 pine slopes; Honshu (Mount Shirouma in Shinano) ; rare. 



2. Gentiana contorta Royle. Gentianella contorta 

 (Royle) H. Smith; Gentianopsis contorta (Royle) Ma; G. 



yamatsutae Kitag. Hiro-ha-hige-rind6, Chichibu-rindo. 



Smooth, erect, biennial herb; stems simple to sparingly 

 branched, 5-10 cm. long, obsoletely 6-striate, loosely few- 

 leaved; median cauline leaves ovate- to obovate-clliptic, 1-1.5 

 cm. long, 8-10 mm. wide, rounded to very obtuse, abrupriy 

 narrowed at base, sessile, flat, spreading, entire, 1-nerved, the 

 lower leaves smaller, the upper ones slightly smaller and obtuse 

 at base; flowers solitary, about 15 mm. long, the peduncles 7-15 

 mm. long; calyx 13-15 mm. long, tubular, slightly narrowed at 

 base, 4-ribbed, the lobes 4, deltoid-lanceolate, 3-4 mm. long, 

 acuminate, slightly unequal, keeled, erect; corolla tubular, 

 about 18 mm. long, the lobes 4, about 4 mm. long, oblong, ob- 

 tuse, entire. Sept. Rocks in mountains; Honshu (Mount 



Jumonjitoge in Chichibu); rare. Manchuria, China, and 



Himalayas. 



3. Gentiana anriculata Pall. G. jauriei Lev. & Van't. 



Chishima-rindo. Smooth, glabrous biennial; stems 



erect, 4-angled, 5-20 cm. long, sparingly branched or simple; 

 basal leaves small, oblanceolatc-spathulate; cauline leaves nar- 

 rowly ovate to broadly lanceolate, 1-3 cm. long, 5-15 mm. 

 wide, subacute, sessile, obliquely spreading; flowers few, blue, 

 subsessile or pedunculate, 2.5-3 cm. long; calyx-tube 7-10 mm. 

 long, narrowly 5-winged, the lobes ovate-cordate, obtuse, auric- 

 ulate, 5-7 mm. across, minutely papillose on the margin; co- 



rolla about twice as long as the calyx, the lobes 5, nearly half as 

 long as the tube, their crown deltoid-ovate, finely laciniate; 

 capsules sessile, as long as the corolla; seeds globose, smooth. 



Aug. Hokkaido. Sakhalin, Kuriles, northern regions 



of e. Asia to the Aleutian Isls. 



4. Gentiana takedae Kitag. G. amarella var. uliginosa 

 sensu auct. Japon., non Griseb.; G. amarella sensu auct. Japon., 



non L. Onoe-rindo. Glabrous annual or biennial; stems 



erect, 5-25 cm. long, simple or sparsely branched, somewhat 

 4-angled, smooth, few-flowered; basal leaves small, oblanceo- 

 late, narrowed at base; cauline leaves broadly lanceolate or 

 narrowly oblong, 1-3 cm. long, 5-10 mm. wide, obtuse, 

 minutely papillose on margin, sessile; flowers pale blue-purple, 

 16-22 mm. long, 4- to 5-merous, the peduncles 0-2 cm. long; 

 calyx-tube 4-6 mm. long, the lobes unequal, lanceolate, acute, 

 nearly as long as the tube; corolla about twice as long as the 

 calyx, the lobes about 1/4-1/3 as long as the tube; their crown 

 about 2/3 as long as the corolla-lobes, whitish, finely laciniate; 

 capsules as long as the corolla, sessile; seeds globose, pale 



brown, smooth. Aug.-Sept. Alpine; Honshu (mountains 



of Shinano Prov.); rare. 



5. Gentiana yuparensis Takeda. G. yezoalpina Koidz.; 



G. yuparensis var. yezoalpina (Koidz.) Kudo Yubari- 



RiNDo, Ezo-oNOE-RiNDO. Glabrous biennial; stems 10-20 

 cm. long, 4-angled; basal leaves obovate-spathulate; cauline 

 leaves oblong to narrowly ovate, 1.5-3 cm. long, 7-12 mm. 

 wide, obtuse, sessile, smooth; flowers 1-10, 2.5-3 cm. long, 

 rose-purple, 5-merous, the peduncles 5-10 mm. long; calyx 

 with hairlike papillae on the angles and on margins of the 

 lobes, the tube 2-4 mm. long, the lobes very unequal, 3-6 

 times as long as the tube, lanceolate, 8-15 mm. long, acumi- 

 nate or acute, often recurved; corolla 1 /2-2 times as long as the 

 calyx-lobes, the lobes 1/3 as long as the tube; crown of the 

 corolla-lobes about 2/3 as long as the corolla-lobes, deeply 

 cut into capillary filaments, whitish. Aug. Alpine; Hok- 

 kaido. 



6. Gentiana secta (Satake) Ohwi. G. ta\edae var. secta 

 Satake; Gentianella secta (Satake) Satake; Gentianella ptil- 



monaria subsp. secta (Satake) Toyokuni Sampuku-rindo. 



Glabrous biennial; stems 5-20 cm. long, somewhat 4-angled, 

 simple or branched; cauline leaves narrowly oblong or broadly 



