738 



Gentianaceae 



lanceolate in the upper ones, 1-2.2 cm. long, 4-8 nun. wide, 

 obtuse, sessile, spreading; flowers 1-20, 15-17 mm. long, 5- 

 merous, pale blue, the peduncles 5-15 mm. long; calyx 5-6 

 mm. long, the tube 0.5-1 mm. long, the lobes unequal, erect, 

 lanceolate, 4-5 mm. long, subobtuse, minutely papillose on 

 margin; corolla 2.5-3 times as long as the calyx, the lobes about 

 1/3 as long as the tube, ovate, obtuse; crown of the corolla- 

 lobes whitish, erect, about half as long as the primary corolla- 

 lobes, bifid and finely laciniate; capsules sessile, scarcely 

 exserted beyond the persistent corolla; seeds creamy yellow, 



globose, smooth. Aug.-Sept. Alpine; Honshu (Akaishi 



Mts.); rare. 



7. Gentiana squarrosa Ledeb. G. aquatica sensu 



Thunb., non L. Koke-rindo. Small biennial, 2-10 cm. 



high, usually branched from the base and somewhat tufted, 

 minutely papillose; basal leaves rosulate, rhombic-ovate to nar- 

 rowly so, 1-4 cm. long, 5-12 mm. wide, spreading, rather 

 thick, acuminate, awn-pointed; cauline leaves ovate to nar- 

 rowly so, 5-10 mm. long, 2-5 mm. wide, awn-tipped, sessile 

 and short-sheathing at base; flowers few to rather numerous, 

 short-pedunculate; calyx-tube 4-6 mm. long, the lobes ovate or 

 obovate, gradually spreading or slightly reflexed, awn-pointed, 

 about half as long as the tube, 2-4 mm. long; corolla 12-15 

 nun. long, pale blue, about twice as long as the calyx, the 

 plaits of the corolla slightly smaller than the lobes, sometimes 

 2-fid; capsules long-stipitate, exserted; seeds broadly fusiform, 



nearly smooth. ^Mar.-June. Sunny fields in lowlands; 



Honshu, Kyushu; rather common. Korea, Formosa, n. 



India, China, and Siberia. 



8. Gentiana thunbergii (G. Don) Griseb. Ericala thun- 



bergii G. Don; G. japonica Maxim., non Roem. & Schult. 



Haru-rindo. Glabrous biennial, 5-15 cm. high, usually 

 branched from the base; basal leaves rosulate, spreading, ovate 

 to narrowly so, or rhombic-ovate, 1-3 cm. long, 7-22 mm. 

 wide, acute, entire, rather narrowly translucent on margin, 

 the cauline leaves ovate-lanceolate, 5-12 mm. long, 2-8 mm. 

 wide, ascending, short-sheathed at the base; flowers blue, 5- 

 merous, 2.5-3.5 cm. long, few, the peduncles 1-3 cm. long; 

 calyx-tube 8-10 mm. long, 5-angled, the lobes erect, deltoid- 

 lanceolate, acuminate, about 1/3 as long as the tube; corolla 2- 

 2.5 times as long as the calyx, the plaits subrounded, toothed; 

 capsules long-stipitate, exserted; seeds fusiform, indistinctly 



reticulate.- Mar.-May. Sunny places in lowlands and 



mountains; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather common. 



Korea, Manchuria, and China. 



Var. minor Maxim. G. minor (Maxim.) Nakai Tate- 



YAMA-RiNDO. Stems few or solitary; flowers 1.5-2 cm. long, 

 pale blue; seeds slightly larger. Wet boggy places in moun- 

 tains; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. and n. distr.). 



9. Gentiana aquatica L. G. humilis Stev.; G. pseudo- 



humilis Makino Hina-rindo. Glabrous, dwarf biennial, 



3-5 cm. high; basal leaves rosulate, obovate, elliptic, or nearly 

 orbicular, 4-8 mm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, acute, recurved awn- 

 tipped, papillose on margin; cauline leaves spathulate to 

 broadly oblanceolate, few, 4-7 mm. long, ascending, short- 

 sheathed at base; flowers pale blue, 1 to few, 10-16 mm. long, 

 5-merous, sessile or short-pedunculate; calyx-tube 8-12 mm. 

 long, 5-angled, the lobes erect, deltoid-ovate or broadly lanceo- 

 late, acuminate, 1/6-1/3 as long as the tube; corolla about 1/4 

 times as long as the calyx; capsules short, long-stipitate, ex- 

 serted; seeds fusiform, longitudinally lined on one side. 



June. Alpine; Honshu (Mount Yatsugatake) ; very rare. 



Caucasus and Siberia. 



Var. laeviuscula (Ohwi) Ohwi. G. pseudohumilis var. 



laeviusctda Ohwi. ^Ko-hina-rind6. Radical leaves broader, 



8-15 mm. long, 6-12 mm. wide; flowers smaller. Alpine; 



Honshu (Mts. Akaishi in Shinano and Nikko in Shimotsuke) ; 

 rare. 



10. Gentiana zollingeri Fawc. G. aomorensis Lev. 



FuDE-RiNDO. Biennial, 5-10 cm. high; basal leaves small, 

 few; cauline leaves relatively thick, ovate to broadly so, 5-15 

 mm. long, 4-10 mm. wide, short-sheathed at base, abruptly 

 cuspidate, often red-purple beneath, the margins whitish and 

 thickish; flowers relatively few, subsessile or very short-pedun- 

 culate; calyx-tube 5-7 mm. long, the lobes broadly lanceolate, 

 about half as long as the tube, acuminate, awn-tipped; corolla 

 18-25 mm. long, 2-2/4 times as long as the calyx, blue; cap- 

 sules short, stipitate, exserted; seeds very minute, fusiform, 



rather lustrous. Apr.-May. Sunny slopes in lowlands and 



mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather 



common. Korea, Sakhalin, s. Kuriles, Manchuria, and 



China. 



11. Gentiana jamesii Hemsl. G. nipponica var. f{awa- 



\amii Makino; G. \awa\amii (Makino) Makino Rishiri- 



RiNDO, KuMOMA-RiNDO. Glabrous, erect perennial, 5-12 cm. 

 high; stems 4-angled, often red-purple, creeping at base; cau- 

 line leaves rather thick, broadly lanceolate to oblong, 7-15 mm. 

 long, 3-6 mm. wide, obtuse, sessile, whitish on margin; flow- 

 ers few, dark blue-purple, sessile, 2.5-3 cm. long; calyx-tube 6-8 

 mm. long, the lobes ovate, obtuse, spreading, 1/4-1/3 as long 

 as the tube; corolla tube narrow, the lobes 1/4-1/3 as long as 

 the tube, the plaits deltoid, deeply toothed, incurved and clos- 

 ing the throat; capsules long-stipitate, slighdy exserted; seeds 

 fusiform, smooth. July-Sept. Alpine; Hokkaido. Ko- 

 rea, Kuriles. 



Var. robusta (Hara) Ohwi. G. nipponica var. robusta 



Hara Iide-rindo. Somewhat larger; leaves 3-7 mm. 



wide; flowers 22-30 mm. long; calyx-lobes erect or ascending; 



coroUa-mbe slighdy thicker. Wet places, alpine; Honshu 



(Mount lide in Iwashiro Prov.). 



12. Gentiana nipponica Maxim. G. ma\inoi Lev. & 

 Van't., non Kusn. Miyama-rindo. Resembles the pre- 

 ceding species but smaller, 5-10 cm. high; stems obsoletely 

 4-angled; leaves broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate-oblong, 

 5-12 mm. long, 3-5 mm. wide, obmse, with a translucent 

 margin, rather thick and deep green, short-sheathed at base; 

 flowers 1-4, blue, 15-22 mm. long, sessile; calyx-lobes narrowly 

 ovate, acute and recurved, about 1/3 as long as the mbe; 

 corolla 2-2/4 times as long as the calyx, the tube gradually 



broadened in upper part, the plaits spreading in anthesis. 



Aug.-Sept. Wet places, alpine; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. 

 and n. distr.). 



13. Gentiana glauca Pall. G. glauca var. major Ledeb. 



Yokoyama-rindo. Glabrous, erect perennial, 5-10 cm. 



high, short-creeping at the base and densely covered with old 

 leaves; leaves rather thick, elliptic or oblong, 8-17 mm. long, 

 6-12 mm. wide, obtuse, slighdy glaucescent, sessile; flowers 

 1 to few, pale blue, about 2 cm. long, the peduncles 0-3 mm. 

 long; calyx-tube 4-5 mm. long, the lobes half as long as the 

 tube, deltoid-lanceolate, subacute; plaits of corolla entire, about 

 1/4 as long as the corolla-lobes, obtuse, deltoid; capsules long- 

 stipitate, exserted, broadly lanceolate; seeds reticulate, with 



irregular small wings. Aug.-Sept. Alpine; Hokkaido 



(Ishikari Prov.); rare. Kuriles, Kamchatka, Ochotsk Sea 



region, and western N. America. 



