746 



ASCLEPIADACEAE 



7B. Larger leaves oblong to narrowly so, 3-5 cm. wide; corolla-lobes glabrous on both sides 9. C. kflioi 



6B. Leaves smaller and usually narrower, 1-7 cm. wide, of many pairs. 

 9A. Stems erect from base, barely scandent at the tip. 



lOA. Corolla-lobes thinly pubescent outside, glabrous inside; leaves densely soft-pubescent 10. C. atrattim 



lOB. Corolla-lobes glabrous outside; leaves glabrous or slightly pubescent on nerves. 



11 A. Leaves oblong, ovate, or elliptic, with few pairs of lateral nerves prominently arcuate at tip; corolla-lobes glabrous in- 

 side. 



12A. Leaves obtuse, mucronate 1 1. C. japonicum 



12B. Leaves acuminate. 



13A. Inflorescence usually pedimculate, terminal; pedicels 1—3 cm. long; corolla about 15 nun. across. 12. C. ascyrijolium 



13B. Inflorescence sessile, axillary; pedicels 7-10 mm. long; corolla about 7 mm. across 13. C. inamoenum 



IIB. Leaves lanceolate, with 8-15 pairs of lateral nerves; corolla-lobes glabrous or puberulent inside 6. C. multinerve 



9B. Stems scandent from the base or on upper half. 



I4A. Stems erect on lower half; lower leaves ovate-oblong to broadly lanceolate; flowers few. 



15A. Corolla-lobes glabrous on both surfaces; inflorescence nearly sessile; corona half as long as the gynostegium. 



14. C. nipponicum 

 15B. Corolla-lobes puberulent, especially on iimer side; inflorescence short-pedunculate; corona nearly as long as the 



gynostegium 15. C. doianiim 



14B. Stems scandent from near the base, much elongate; lower leaves linear to broadly ovate-cordate; flowers rather numerous. 

 16A. Corolla yellow-green, the lobes white-puberulent inside; corona-lobes yellowish, deltoid, obtuse, about as long as the 



gynostegium; leaves 5-10 mm. wide, the petioles 3-8 mm. long 16. C. ambiguum 



16B. Corolla yellowish to purple-brown, the lobes nearly glabrous. 



17A. Corona-lobes as long as the gynostegium, broadly ovate, yellowish; leaves narrowly ovate-deltoid, rather promi- 

 nently puberulent beneath 17. C. austrokiusianum 



17B. Corona-lobes much shorter than the gynostegium, usually purplish or brownish 18. C. stiblanceolatum 



1. Cynanchum caudatum (Miq.) Maxim. Endotropis pedicels slender; calyx-segments broadly lanceolate; corolla 



caudata Miq.; C. i\ema (Sieb.) Ohwi Ikema. Stems yellow-brown, the lobes narrowly ovate, 7-8 mm. long, gla- 



branched, scandent, minutely crisped-pubescent while young, brous; corona-lobes ovate, obtuse, erect, slightly shorter than 



glabrescent; leaves membranous, ovate-cordate, abruptly short- the gynostegium; follicles narrowly lanceolate, 6-8 cm. long; 



caudate, vivid green above, whitish beneath, the petiole seeds narrowly ovate, 4-5 mm. long, entire, narrowly winged, 



shorter than the blade; cymes racemelike, many-flowered, the smooth. }uly-Aug. Grassy slopes in hills and mountains; 



peduncles 2-2.5 times as long as the petioles, the pedicels slen- Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather common. 



der, 1-2 cm. long, puberulent on inner side; flowers white; Korea, Manchuria, China, and Dahuria. 



calyx-segments ovate, obtuse; corolla-lobes shghtly reflexed, 4. Cynanchum amplexicaule (Sieb. & Zucc.) Hemsl. 



with revolute margins, narrowly oblong, 4-5 mm. long, obtuse, Vincetoxicum amplexicaule Sieb. & Zucc; V. brandtii Fr. & 



puberulent inside; corona yellow, the lobes highly adnate to Sav.; C. brandtii (Fr. & Sav.) Matsum. Rokuon-s6. Erect, 



the gynostegium for more than half the length of the corolla; glabrous perennial; stems erect, sometimes branched, 40-100 



follicles 8-10 cm. long, 8-10 mm. wide, usually soUtary; seeds cm. long; leaves rather firm, elliptic, ovate-oblong, or oblong, 



obcuneate-ovate, 7-8 mm. long, flat, winged, rounded and 4-8 cm. long, 2-A cm. wide, rounded to subacute, mucronate, 



toothed on basal margin. July-Aug. Hokkaido, Honshu, subauriculate and clasping at base, sessile, glaucous above, 



Shikoku, Kyushu. s. Kuriles and China. duller beneath; inflorescence as long as the leaves, pedunculate, 



2. Cynanchum wilfordii (Maxim.) Hemsl. Cynoc- sparsely branched, densely flowered, the pedicels rather short, 

 tonum wilfordii Maxim.; Vincetoxicum wilfordii (Maxim.) 3-7 mm. long; calyx-segments narrowly ovate, sometimes 



Fr. & Sav. Ko-ikema. Much-branched, nearly glabrous ciliolate; corolla yellowish, the lobes narrowly ovate, about 



scandent herb, puberulent while very young; leaves thick- 3 mm. long; corona-lobes subrounded, short; follicles nar- 



membranous, broadly ovate, 5-10 cm. long, 4-8 cm. wide, rowly lanceolate, about 5 cm. long, 6-7 mm. wide. July- 



shortly acuminate to abruptly acute, deeply cordate, the peti- Aug. Shikoku, Kyushu. Korea, Manchuria, Mongolia, 



ole shorter than the blade; flowers umbellate, the peduncles and China. Forma castaneum (Makino) Ohwi. C. am- 



as long as to shorter than the petioles, 1—4 cm. long, the pedi- plexicaule var. castaneum Makino Kurobana-rokuon-s6. 



eels 5-8 nun. long; flowers pale yellow-green; calyx-lobes Flowers purplish brown. 



broadly lanceolate, acute; corolla-lobes broadly ovate, about 5. Cynanchum krameri (Fr. & Sav.) Matsum. Vince- 



3 mm. long, rather thick, obliquely spreading, incurved on toxicum \rameri Fr. k Sav.; V. amplexicaule var. ^rameri (Fr. 



margin, puberulent inside; follicles lanceolate, about 8 cm. & Sav.) Maxim. Maruba-no-funabara-so. Resembles the 



long, about 1 cm. wide. July-Aug. Grassy hillsides; Hon- preceding; stems crisped pubescent; leaves obovate, rounded to 



shu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Korea and Manchuria. emarginate, cordate-truncate at base, shortly crisped pubescent 



3. Cynanchum paniculatum (Bunge) Kitag. Asclepias on both sides, the petioles 3-4 mm. long, the upper ones 

 paniculata Bunge; Pycnostelma chinense Bunge ex Decne.; sessile; cymes umbellate, few-flowered, the peduncles not ex- 

 P. paniculatum (Bunge) K. Schum.; Vincetoxicum pycno- ceeding the leaves; calyx-segments densely pubescent, deltoid- 



stelma Kitag. Suzu-saiko. Erect, glabrous perennial; lanceolate; corolla-lobes short-pilose on both surfaces, the pedi- 



stems nearly simple, 40-100 cm. long, loosely leaved; leaves eels as long as the flowers; corona as long as the gynostegium, 

 rather thick, ascending, narrowly lanceolate to linear, 6-12 cm. the lobes ovate-orbicular, rather fleshy, pale brown. Re- 

 long, 4-15 mm. wide, acuminate at both ends, deep green ported from Honshu (Nagato Prov.) and Kyushu (Hirato 

 above, whitish beneath, slightly recurved and scabridulous on IsL). 



margin, the petioles 1-3 mm. long; peduncles axillary and 6. Cynanchum multinerve (Fr. & Sav.) Matsum. 

 terminal, slightly branched; cymes rather loosely flowered, the Vincetoxicum multinerve Fr. & Sav. Hosoba-no-rokuon-so. 



