ASCLEPIADACEAE 



749 



12. Cynanchum asc>Tifolium (Fr. & Sav.) Matsum. 

 Vincetoxiciim acuminatum Decne.; V. ascyrijolium Fr. & Sav.; 

 C. acuminatijoUum Hemsl.; C. acuminatum (Dccne.) Mat- 

 sum., non Thunb. Kusa-tachibana. Sparsely crisped- 



hairy on the inflorescence and nerves of leaves beneath; stems 

 erect, 30-60 cm. long, with several pairs of leaves; leaves mem- 

 branous to firmly so, green above, paler beneath, oblong, ellip- 

 tic, or ovate, 8-15 cm. long, 4-8 cm. wide, acuminate to short- 

 acuminate, the petioles 1-2 cm. long; inflorescence terminal 

 and in upper axils, pedunculate, few-branched, the pedicels 1-3 

 cm. long; calyx-segments broadly lanceolate; corolla white, 

 about 15 mm. across, the lobes narrowly ovate, 8-10 mm. long, 

 glabrous on both surfaces; corona-lobes ovate-deltoid, slightly 

 shorter than the gynostegium; follicles broadly lanceolate, gla- 

 brous, 4-6 cm. long, about 8 mm. wide; seeds broadly ovate, 



about 7 mm. long, entire, scarcely winged. June. Honshu 



(Kanto Distr. and westw.), Shikoku. Korea and Man- 

 churia. 



13. Cynanchum inamoenum (Maxim.) Loes. Vince- 



toxicum inamoenum Maxim. Ezo-no-kusa-tachibana. 



Short-pubescent; stems erect, 30-50 cm. long; leaves membra- 

 nous, of few pairs, elliptic or narrowly so, to ovate, 6-10 cm. 

 long, 3-6 cm. wide, short-acuminate or acute, rounded to 

 broadly cuneate and obtuse at base, the petioles 7-10 mm. 

 long; inflorescence few-flowered, umbellate, sessile or very 

 short-pedunculate; flowers small, yellowish, about 7 mm. 

 across; corolla deeply 5-lobed, glabrous; corona-lobes nearly as 

 long as the gynostegium, broadly deltoid; follicles obliquely 

 spreading, lanceolate, glabrous, 4-5 cm. long, about 5 mm. 



wide; seeds broadly ovate, winged, about 5 mm. long. July. 



Hokkaido. Sakhalin, Korea, Manchuria, and n. China. 



14. Cynanchum nipponicum Matsum. 0-ao-kamome- 

 ZURU. Somewhat crisped-hairy; stems slender, erect on lower 

 half, much elongate and scandent, 40-100 cm. long; leaves of 

 the lower erect portion larger, membranous, broadly lanceo- 

 late to narrowly oblong-ovate, 5-12 cm. long, 1-2 (-3) cm. 

 wide, gradually acuminate, rounded to shallowly cordate-trun- 

 cate at base, the petioles 2—4 mm. long; inflorescence in upper 

 axils; flowers yellow, 7-8 mm. across, few, in umbels, the 

 peduncles nearly absent, the pedicels 3-4 mm. long, usually 

 shorter than the flowers; corolla-lobes narrowly ovate, glabrous 

 on both surfaces, obtuse; corona-lobes depressed-deltoid, about 

 half as long as die gynostegium; follicles broadly lanceolate, 

 glabrous, 4-5 cm. long, 5-7 mm. wide; seeds ovate-elliptic, 

 about 5 mm. long, winged. July-Sept. Mountains; Hon- 

 shu (centr. and n. distr.). Korea. Forma abukumense 



(Koidz.) Hara. C. abukumense Koidz. Nagaba-kuro-ka- 



MOMEZURU. Flowers purple. 



Var. glabrum (Nakai) Hara. C. glabrum Nakai 



Tachi-kamomezuru, Kuroban.a-kamomezuru. Leaves 



thicker; corona-lobes ovate-deltoid, slightly shorter than the 



gynostegium. Honshu (Kinki Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, 



Kyushu. Korea. 



15. Cynanchum doianum Koidz. Satsuma-byakuzen. 

 Crisped-hairy perennial; stems scandent, loosely leaved; leaves 

 membranous, narrowly oblong to oblong-lanceolate, to 10 cm. 

 long, 4.5 cm. wide, puberulent on both surfaces, the petioles 

 to 5 mm. long; inflorescence pedunculate, umbellate; flowers 

 about 11 mm. across, yellowish; corolla-lobes lanceolate, 

 puberulent on both sides especially on the inner surface, obtuse; 

 corona-lobes as long as the gynostegium. June-Aug. Kyu- 

 shu (s. distr.). 



16. Cynanchum ambiguum (Maxim.) Matsum. Vince- 



toxicum ambiguum Maxim. Ao-kamomezuru. Sparsely 



crisped-puberulent perennial herb; stems long-scandent and 

 branched; leaves rather thick-membranous, broadly- to linear- 

 lanceolate, 3-10 cm. long, 5-10 mm. wide, acuminate, rounded 

 to truncate at base, the petioles 3-8 mm. long; inflorescence 

 umbellike, rather few-flowered, on axillary peduncles about 

 1 cm. long, the pedicels 5-10 mm. long; flowers yellow-green, 

 7-8 mm. across; corolla-lobes deltoid-lanceolate, 3-4 mm. long, 

 obtuse, glabrous outside, short white-puberulent inside; corona- 

 lobes deltoid, yellowish, obtuse, nearly as long as the gyno- 

 stegium; follicles narrowly lanceolate, glabrous, 4-5 cm. long, 

 5-6 mm. wide. Aug.-Oct. Honshu (Yamato Prov.), Shi- 

 koku, Kyushu. 



17. Cynanchum austrokiusianum Koidz. Nangoku- 

 kamomezuru. Perennial with short crisped hairs, especially 

 on the leaves beneath; stems scandent, branched, slender; 

 leaves membranous, narrowly ovate-deltoid or broadly ovate, 

 5-9 cm. long, 2-4 cm. wide, gradually acuminate, shallowly 

 cordate at base, the petioles 1-3 cm. long; inflorescence umbel- 

 like, the peduncles 0-2 cm. long, the pedicels slender, 1-1.5 

 cm. long; flowers white, 10-15 mm. across; corolla-lobes lance- 

 olate, gradually narrowed to the tip, obtuse, 7-8 mm. long; 

 corona-lobes broadly ovate, obtuse, yellowish, as long as the 

 gynostegium; follicles broadly lanceolate, 5-6 cm. long, 7-8 

 mm. wide, glabrous; seeds broadly ovate, 6-7 mm. long, nar- 

 rowly winged, with dark brown spots. Aug.-Sept. Kyu- 

 shu (s. distr.). 



18. Cynanchum sublanceolatum (Miq.) Matsum. var. 

 sublanceolatum. Tylophora sublanceolata Miq.; C. sub- 

 lanceolatum (Miq.) Matsum.; Vincetoxiciim sublanceolatum 

 var. dic\insii Fr. & Sav.; C. macranthum var. dic\insii (Fr. & 



Sav.) Ohwi; C. dicl{insii (Fr. & Sav.) Nakai Koba-no-ka- 



momezuru. Perennial with more or less curved hairs; 



stems slender, elongate and branched, scandent, loosely leafy; 

 lower leaves lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, 4-5 cm. long, 

 1-2 cm. wide, gradually acuminate, shallowly cordate to some- 

 times rounded at base, the petioles 7-15 mm. long; upper 

 leaves 1-5 cm. long, 5-15 mm. wide, usually rounded at base, 

 the petioles 3-10 mm. long; inflorescence umbellike, simple or 

 sometimes few-branched, nearly sessile or short-pedunculate, 

 the pedicels 7-10 mm. long; flowers 6-8 mm. across, dark 

 purple; corolla-lobes lanceolate, gradually narrowed and ob- 

 tuse, minutely puberulent inside at base; corona-lobes about 

 half as long as the gynostegium, ovate-deltoid; follicles usually 

 solitary, lanceolate, 5-7 cm. long, 6-7 mm. wide; seeds broadly 



ovate, very narrowly winged, about 6 mm. long. July-Sept. 



Thickets in hills and low mountains; Honshu (Kanto Distr. 

 westw. to Kinki). 



Var. albiflorum (Fr. & Sav.) Hara. Tylophora japonica 

 var. albiflora Fr. & Sav.; Vincetoxicum sublanceolatum var. 

 albida Fr. & Sav.; C. sublanceolatum var. albidum (Fr. & Sav.) 



Matsum.; C. albidum (Fr. & Sav.) Koidz. Azuma-kamo- 



mezuru. Flowers white. Occurs with the typical phase. 



Var. macranthum (Maxim.) Matsum. Vincetoxicum sub- 

 lanceolatum var. macranthum Maxim.; C. jranchetii Nakai; 

 Tylophora macrantha (Maxim.) Makino; C. matsudanum 



Koidz. Shirobana-kamomezuru, Obana-kamomezuru. 



Slighdy larger in every respect; flowers 10-20 mm. across, light 

 yellow. Occurs with the typical phase. 



