CONVOLVULACEAE 



753 



lA. Leaves rcniform-cordate, shorter than broad, rounded; flowers about 5 cm. across 1. C. soldanclla 



IB. Leaves sagittate, acute to obtuse. 

 2A. Auricles or lateral lobes of leaves spreading, usually acute; flowers 3-3.5 cm. long; peduncles with narrow flcxuous wings on upper 



part 2 . C. hcderacea 



2B. Auricles or lateral lobes of leaves spreading to deflexed; flowers 5-6 cm. long; peduncles not winged. 



3A. Main portion of leaves narrowly ovate to oblong, obtuse, mucronate; bracts obtuse to rctuse 3. C. japonica 



3B. Main portion of leaves deltoid-ovate, usually acute; bracts obtuse to subacute 4. C. sepiiim 



1. Calystegia soldanella (L.) Roein. & Schult. Con- Makino, pro parte; C. subvolubilis sensu auct. Japon., non 



volvtihis soldanella L. Hama-hirug.^o. Glabrous, rhi- Don Hirucao. Slightly pubescent twining perennial 



zomatous perennial; stems creeping and branched; leaves long- with slender creeping rhizomes; stems elongate; leaves peti- 



petiolate, reniform-cordate, 2-3 cm. long, 3-5 cm. wide, retuse olate, sagittate or hastate, the lateral lobes (auricles) deflexed, 



to rounded, sometimes undulate on margin; peduncles usually small, ovate, obtuse, rarely with a tooth on inner margin, the 



longer dian the leaves, terete; bracts broadly ovate or broadly main lobe broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate-deltoid, obtuse 



ovate-deltoid, 1-1.3 cm. long, obtuse, mucronate; corolla pale to subacute, 5-10 cm. long, 2-7 cm. wide, including the lateral 



rose, the limb obsoletely 5-angled, 4-5 cm. across. May- lobes; flowers solitary, long-pedunculate, rose, shorter than the 



June. Sandy seashores; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyu- leaves, the bracts ovate, slightly cordate, 2-2.5 cm. long. 



shu; common. Seashores of Eurasia and the Pacific Islands. July-Aug. Thickets and sunny grassy slopes in lowlands; 



2. Calystegia hederacea Wall. Convolvulus japonicus Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Korea and China. 



Thunb.; Calystegia japonica (Thunb.) Miq. non Choisy; C. 4. Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. van americanum 



sepium var. japonica (Thunb.) Makino Ko-hirucao. (Sims) Matsuda. Convolvulus sepium vzt. americanus Sims; 



Nearly glabrous twining perennial herb with slender rhi- Calystegia sepium var. communis (Tryon) Hara; C. sepium 



zomes; stems slender; leaves long-petiolate, sagittate, the lateral sensu auct. Japon., non R. Br. Hiro-ha-hirucao. Rhi- 



lobes (auricles) spreading or slighdy deflexed, usually acute zomes creeping; stems twining; leaves long-petiolate, subhas- 

 and bilobed, the main (central) lobe lanceolate-deltoid, 4-6 tate, deltoid-ovate to deltoid, 4-8 cm. long, 3-7 cm. wide, with 

 cm. long, 3-6 cm. wide, gradually narrowed to tip, obtuse; an obtusely angled lateral lobe on each side near base, acute to 

 flowers solitary, a.\illary, rose, the bracts deltoid-ovate, acute, abrupriy acuminate, mucronate, cordate; flowers solitary, long- 

 rounded at base, 1-2 cm. long, longer than the calyx. pedunculate, the bracts ovate, shallowly cordate, 2-3 cm. long; 



June-Aug. Sunny grassy places and thickets in lowlands and corolla rose-colored. Hokkaido, Honshu. Temperate re- 

 hills; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. se. Asia. gions of the N. Hemisphere. 



3. Calystegia japonica Choisy. C. sepium var. japonica 



4. ERYCIBE Roxb. Horuto-kazura Zoku 



Scandent evergreen shrubs; leaves coriaceous; inflorescence cymose, often racemelike or paniclelike, often brown-pubescent; 

 flowers small, yellow; calyx-segments orbicular, nearly equal; corolla campanulate, short-tubular, the lobes 2-fid, induplicate in 

 bud; stamens included, the filaments short, the anthers acuminate; ovary globose, 1-locular, 4-ovuled; stigmas nearly sessile, large, 

 subglobose; berry fleshy, ovoid, I-seeded; cotyledons often 2-parted. ^More than 50 species, in India and se. Asia. 



1. Erj'cibe henryi Prain. E. obtusijoUa sensu auct. Ja- 

 pon., non Benth.; E. acuti folia Hayata Horuto-kazura. 



Subscandent evergreen shrub; branches gray-yellow, glabrous; 

 leaves elliptic to oblong, 5-10(-15) cm. long, 3-5(-7) cm. 

 wide, glabrous, coriaceous, penninerved, with rather prominent 

 veinlets beneath, abruptly acute with an obtuse tip, acute at 



base, the petioles 1.5-2 cm. long; inflorescence paniculate, 

 many-flowered, axillary, with short gray-yellow hairs, the pedi- 

 cels nearly as long as the calyx; calyx globose, the segments 

 about 3 mm. long, yellow-villous; corolla about 10 mm. long, 



5-lobed, densely yellow-pubescent along the ribs on back. 



Kyushu (s. distr.). Ryukyus, Formosa, and China. 



5. CUSCUTA L. Ne-nashi-kazura Zoku 



Plants without chlorophyll, parasitic, twining; leaves reduced to scales; flowers in axillary racemes, small, white or rose, sessile 

 or pedicelled, ebracteate; calyx-segments (4-)5, equal, free or connate at base; corolla campanulate, ovoid or globose, the lobes 

 4-5, short, imbricate in bud; scales on inner side of corolla lobed or laciniate, as many as the lobes and alternate with the stamens; 

 stamens slightly exserted, inserted on the tube or throat, the filaments short-filiform or almost absent; ovary completely or in- 

 completely 2-locular, 4-ovuIed; styles 2, often united; capsules globose or ovoid, dry or slighdy fleshy, irregularly or transversely 

 dehiscent; seeds glabrous; cotyledons inconspicuous. More than 100 species, in temperate and warmer regions. 



lA. Styles connate; capsules ellipsoid -ovoid, circumscissile; valves dry and herbaceous; flowers spicate I. C. japonica 



IB. Styles free, slender; fruit depressed-globose, irregularly rupturing or circumscissile; valves thinly membranous; flowers mostly fascicu- 

 late. 



2.'\. Stigma oblong, about as thick as die style 2. C. eiiropaea 



2B. Stigma capitcllate. 



3A. Corolla shorter than the capsule and covering the lower half, with 2-lobed small scales within 3. C. aiistralis 



3B. Corolla much longer than the capsule and completely covering it, with rather prominent laciniate scales 4. C. chinensis 



1. Cuscuta japonica Choisy. C. systyla Maxim.; C. ja- 

 ponica var. thyrsoidea Engelm. Ne-nashi-kazura. Rather 



fleshy, glabrous annual; stems terete, much-branched, pale 



yellow with red striations and spots; leaves scalelike, deltoid, 

 about 2 mm. long; flowers sessile or very short-pedicelled, 

 many to rather numerous, in short dense axillary spikes, pale 



