754 



CONVOLVULACEAE : PoLEMONIACEAE 



yellow; calyx-segments orbicular to elliptic, rounded at apex, 

 about 1 mm. long, erect; corolla campanulate, rather fleshy, 

 3.5-4 mm. long, 5-lobed, the lobes oblong; anthers narrowly 

 oblong; capsules ellipsoid-ovoid, about 4 mm. long, enveloped 

 by the persistent corolla at first, naked when ripe, circumscis- 

 sile; styles connate, about 0.5 mm. long, the stigmas 2, short, 



oblong; seeds 2.5-3 mm. across. Aug.-Oct. Lowlands and 



low mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; com- 

 mon. Ryukyus, China, Korea, Manchuria, and Amur. 



2. Cuscuta europaea L. C. major Gilib. Kushiro- 



NE-NASHi-KAZURA. Glabrous; scalelike leaves membranous, 

 deltoid; flowers sessile, rather numerous or few, densely fasci- 

 cled; calyx-segments membranous, elliptic, 1-1.5 mm. long, 

 rounded at apex; corolla membranous, broadly campanulate, 

 about twice as long as the calyx, 5-lobed, the tube broad, the 

 scales inconspicuous, the lobes deltoid, obtuse; capsules mem- 

 branous, depressed-globose, about 3 mm. across, enveloped by 

 the persistent corolla at first, often naked when ripe, circum- 

 scissile; styles slender, the stigma oblong, as thick as the style. 



July-Sept. Hokkaido. Sakhalin, Siberia, Europe, and 



Africa. 



3. Cuscuta australis R. Br. C. millettii Hook & Am.; 

 C. obtusijolia var. australis (R. Br.) Engelm.; C. sojagena Ma- 

 kino; C. hygrophilae Pears.; C. hawa\amii Hayata ^Mame- 



DAOSHi. Very slender glabrous annual; leaves scalelike. 



ovate, thinly membranous; flowers few, densely fascicled, ses- 

 sile; calyx-segments thinly membranous, depressed-deltoid, 

 obtuse, 1/3 to 1/2 as long as die corolla; corolla about 2 mm. 

 long, thinly membranous, the tube with minute bifid scales 

 nearly as long as the broadly ovate, obtuse lobes; stamens as 

 long as the corolla-lobes, the anthers minute, ovate-deltoid; 

 capsules about 3 mm. across, thinly membranous, irregularly 

 dehiscent; styles slender, about 1 mm. long, the stigma punc- 

 tate; seeds about 0.3 mm. across. July-Oct. Hokkaido, 



Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus, Formosa, China, se. 



Asia, and Australia. 

 4. Cuscuta chinensis Lam. Grammica aphyllaLour.; C. 



maritima Makino Hama-ne-nashi-kazura. Very slender, 



glabrous; scalelike leaves deltoid-ovate, membranous; flowers 

 few, rather densely fascicled, short-pedicelled; calyx-segments 

 deltoid, about 2 mm. long, united at base; corolla about 2.5 

 mm. long, 5-lobed to the middle, the lobes ovate, subacute, 

 thinly membranous, the scales of the tube inside laciniate; 

 stamens about half as long as the lobes, the anthers broadly 

 ovate; capsules depressed-globose, about 2 mm. across, about 

 half as long as and enveloped by the corolla; styles slender, 

 about 1 mm. long, the stigma capitellate; seeds about 1.5 mm. 



across. June-Get. Honshu (near seashores of centr. and 



w. distr.), Shikoku, Kyushu. ^Ryukyus, Formosa, Korea, 



China, Malaysia to Australia, and Africa. 



Fam. 172. POLEMONIACEAE Hana-shinobu Ka Polemonium Family 



Herbs or rarely shrubs; leaves alternate, sometimes opposite, entire or pinnate; inflorescence in terminal and axillary corymbs 

 or panicles; flowers bisexual, actinomorphic, rarely bilabiate; calyx-segments 5; corolla gamopetalous, the lobes 5, contorted in 

 bud; stamens 5, inserted on the tube and alternate with the lobes, the anthers 2-locular, longitudinally split; ovary superior, in- 

 serted on the disc, (2-)3-locular, sessile; ovules 1 or more, on inner angles of the locule; style solitary, the stigmas (2-)3; fruit 



a loculicidally dehiscent or rarely indehiscent capsule; seeds usually with copious endosperm. ^About 12 genera, with about 



300 species, chiefly in N. and S. America, few in the temperate regions of the Old World. 



1. POLEMONIUM L. Hana-shinobu Zoku 



Perennials, sometimes glandular pilose; leaves alternate, pinnatisect; calyx campanulate, often more or less accrescent after 

 anthesis; corolla infundibuliform, broadly campanulate or subrotate, 5-lobed; filaments elongate, declined, hairy at base; ovary 



ovoid, 3-locular; ovules 2-12 in each locule; capsules ovoid, 3-valved; seeds sometimes narrowly winged, often viscid. About 



20 species, chiefly in N. America, few in Eurasia. 



lA. Flowers densely arranged, 11—15 mm. long, short-pedicelled; seeds about 2 mm. long 1. P. kiushianum 



IB. Flowers usually loosely arranged, 18-25 mm. long, long-pedicelled; seeds 3-4 mm. long. 



2A. Disc 5-lobed; flowers 2-2.5 cm. long; corolla-lobes emarginate 2. P. yezoense 



2B. Disc entire, undulate on margin; flowers 18-20 mm. long; corolla-lobes rounded to acute 3. P. acutiflorum 



1. Polemonium kiushianum Kitam. P. caeruleum sensu leaflets 9 to 12 pairs, lanceolate, sessile, acuminate to acute, 



auct. Japon., saltem pro parte, non L. Hana-shinobu. glabrous; upper leaves gradually smaller and sessile, with fewer 



Rhizomes short-creeping; stems 70-100 cm. long, erect, striate; segments; inflorescence a loose corymb, glandular-pilose; flow- 

 lower leaves 17-25 cm. long, petiolate, pinnatisect, the leaflets ers rather long-pedicelled, 22-25 mm. long; calyx deeply 5- 

 10 to 12 pairs, broadly lanceolate, sessile, 2-3 cm. long, acumi- lobed, 10-12 mm. long, the lobes narrowly lanceolate, acute; 



nate; upper leaves gradually smaller, sessile, the segments corolla blue, the lobes elliptic, emarginate, loosely cilia te. 



fewer, glabrous; inflorescence glandular-pilose; flowers short- May-Aug. Hokkaido. 



pedicelled, blue; calyx 5-7 mm. long, the segments as long as 3. Polemonium acutiflorum Willd. var. nipponicum 



to slightly longer than the tube, acuminate; corolla-lobes ob- (Kitam.) Ohwi. P. caeruleum sensu auct Japon., non L.; P. 



tuse, short-pilose on back and margin; capsules globose, 4-5 nipponicum Kitam. ^Miyama-hana-shinobu. Stems 40- 



mm. long; seeds nearly fusiform, angled, nearly wingless. 80 cm. long, ridged; lower leaves petiolate, 10-12 cm. long, 



June-Aug. Mountains; Kyushu. pinnatisect, the leaflets 8 to 9 pairs, broadly lanceolate, 2-2.5 



2. Polemonium yezoense (Miyabe & Kudo) Kitam. P. cm. long, gradually acute; upper leaves gradually smaller and 



caeruleum. subsp. vulgare var. yezoense Miyabe & Kudo sessile, with fewer leaflets; inflorescence loosely corymbose, 



Ezo-no-hana-shinobu. Stems 35-80 cm. long, obsoletely glandular-pilose; flowers rather long-pedicelled, about 2 cm. 



ribbed; lower leaves 12-16 cm. long, petiolate, pinnatisect, the long, blue; calyx 10-12 mm. long, deeply 5-lobed, the lobes 



