BORAGINACEAE 



759 



1. Eritrichium nipponicum Makino. Hackelia nippo- 



nica (Makino) Brand; E. yesoense Nakai Miyama-mura- 



SAKi. Dwarf grayish strigose perennial with a thick per- 

 pendicular caudex; stems 10-20 cm. long, tufted, ascending 

 from a decumbent base; radical leaves rosulate, closely imbri- 

 cate, rather many, linear-lanceolate, l-d cm. long, 4-6 mm. 

 wide, obtuse or subacute, sessile; cauline leaves about 10, 

 lanceolate, I-2.5(-3.5) cm. long, 3-5 mm. wide; racemes few, 



terminal, several-flowered, bracteate In the lower flowers, the 

 bracts broadly linear, 3-7 mm. long, the pedicels erect, 7-12 

 mm. long; calyx-segments narrowly oblong; corolla blue, 

 about 8 mm. across, the tube shorter than the calyx; nutlets 

 ascending, about 1.5 mm. long, puberulent on the back, with a 



series of marginal glochidiate bristles. July-Aug. Gravelly 



or sandy alpine slopes; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. distr.); rare. 

 Sakhalin. 



6. LAPPULA Moench No-murasaki Zoku 



Coarsely hirsute annuals or biennials; leaves alternate, narrow; inflorescence a bracteate raceme; flowers small, blue or white, 

 on short erect pedicels; caly.x-segments 5, erect; corolla short tubular, 5-scaled on the tiiroat; gynobase long and narrow; nut- 

 lets tetrahedral or flattened, with a narrow areole occupying nearly the whole length of the prominently keeled ventral face, 

 usually glochidiate on the margin; style usually longer than the nutlets. About 15 species, in temperate regions. 



1. Lappula echinata Gilib. Myosotis lappula L.; Echi- 



nospermum lappula (L.) Lehm. No-murasaki. Coarsely 



hirsute annual; stems erect, 20-30(-50) cm. long; leaves oblan- 

 ceolate to broadly linear, 3-5 cm. long, 3-5 mm. wide; racemes 

 few or more than 10, suberect, about 10 cm. long, loosely 



flowered, the pedicels 2-3 mm. long, shorter than the bracts, 

 erect; flowers about 3 mm. across, pale blue; nutlets tetrahedral, 

 with callose bumps or tubercles on back, glochidiate on mar- 

 gin. July. Naturalized in our area. Europe to Man- 

 churia, n. China and Korea, naturalized in N. America. 



7. HACKELIA Opiz Oka-murasaki Zoku 



Annuals, biennials, or perennials, grayish pilose or subglabrous; stems often tall and much branched; leaves alternate, narrow; 

 flowers small, pedicelled, bracteate or bractless, the pedicels reflexed after anthesis; calyx deeply 5-fid, the segments ovate or 

 narrowly so; corolla-tube short, with 5 scales on the throat, the lobes 5, imbricate in bud, spreading; stamens 5, inserted on the 

 tube, included, the filaments very short, the anthers obtuse; gynobase broadly conical; nutlets erect with a large ovate or deltoid 

 areole near the center of the ventral side, keeled only on the upper half of the ventral side, glochidiate on the margin; style not 

 exceeding the nudets. About 40 species, in temperate regions of Eurasia and N. America. 



lA. Calyx-segments 1-3 mm. long, reflexed after anthesis; nutlets only glochidiate I. H. deflexa 



IB. Calyx-segments 1.3-1.5 mm. long, spreading; nutlets glochidiate and tuberculate 2. H. matsudairae 



nospermum matsudairae Makino; Lappula matsudairae (Ma- 

 kino) Druce Iwa-murasaki. About 70 cm. high, slender, 



erect, branched and appressed-hairy in upper part, with spread- 

 ing hairs at base; leaves linear to oblong, coarsely hirsute, the 

 lower ones petiolate; racemes 3-10 cm. long, bracteate, loosely 

 flowered, appressed-hirsute, the pedicels 4-5 mm. long, spread- 

 ing or deflexed, as long as or in the upper ones shorter than 

 the lanceolate bract; calyx-segments spreading, oblong, 1.3-1.5 

 mm. long, spreading, shorter than the nutlets; corolla small; 

 nutlets about 2 mm. long, ovate-deltoid on back, with small 

 callose tubercles, glochidiate; style short. July-Aug. Re- 

 ported from Honshu (Mount Togakushi in Shinano) ; very 

 rare. 



1. Hackelia deflexa (Wahlenb.) Opiz. Myosotis deflexa 

 Wahlenb.; Echinospermiim deflextim (Wahlenb.) Lehm.; Lap- 

 pula deflexa (Wahlenb.) Garcke Oka-murasaki. Annual 



or biennial; stems 20-60 cm. long, much branched; leaves 

 linear-lanceolate, 2-5 (-9) cm. long, 3-10(-20) mm. wide, ob- 

 tuse or acute, petiolate only in the lower ones, loosely pilose on 

 both surfaces; racemes 10-15 cm. long, the pedicels bracteate, 

 2-5 mm. long, as long as the bracts, deflexed after anthesis; 

 calyx-segments lanceolate, 1-3 mm. long, reflexed after anthe- 

 sis; corolla 3(-5) mm. across, pale blue to white, yellow on the 



tluoat; nudets tetrahedral, smooth, glochidiate. June-Aug. 



Reported to be spontaneous in Hokkaido (Ishikari Prov.). 



Sakhalin and Korea to Europe; naturalized in N. America. 



2. Hackelia matsudairae (Makino) Ohwi. Echi- 



8. BOTHRIOSPERMUM Bunge Han.vibana Zoku 



Decumbent to erect, rather small, hirsute or strigose annuals or biennials; leaves alternate, lanceolate to ovate; flowers small, 

 bluish or white, axillary or in loose bracteate racemes; calyx deeply 5-fid, the lobes lanceolate, slightly accrescent after anthesis; 

 corolla-tube short, 5-scaled on the throat, the lobes 5, imbricate, spreading; stamens 5, inserted on the tube, the anthers obtuse; 

 gynobase short, oblong; nutlets erect, rounded on back, granular-tuberculate, with an ovate or oblong subdcpressed areole with 

 entire or dentate margin on the ventral side. Few species in Asia. 



1. Bothriospermum tenellum (Hornem.) Fisch. & Mey. 

 Anchusa tenclla Hornem.; Cynoglossum diffusum Roxb.; B. 

 asperugoides Sieb. & Zucc; B. tenellum var. asperugoides (Sieb. 



& Zucc.) Maxim.; B. perenne Miq. Hana-ibana. Short- 



strigose, ascending to decumbent annual or biennial; stems 

 5-30 cm. long, tufted; leaves oblong or elliptic, 2-3 cm. long, 

 1-2 cm. wide, rounded and mucronate or obtuse, petiolate; 

 bracteal leaves 5-15(-25) mm. long; pedicels supra-axillary. 



much shorter than tlie bracteal leaves and deflexed after 

 anthesis; flowers pale blue, 2-3 mm. across; nutlets ellipsoidal, 

 about 1.5 mm. long, about 1 mm. across, densely callose- 



tubcrculate, the areole smooth-margined. Mar.-Dec. Sunny 



places in lowlands and hills; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, 

 Kyushu; common. Ryukyus, Formosa, China, Korea, Man- 

 churia, and se. Asia. 



