Labiatae; Solanaceae 787 



die nerves of both sides, sparingly pilose above, the upper 7. Plectranthus longitubus (Miq. Isodon longitubus 



leaves often without appendage at apex, few-toothed; racemes (Miq.) Kudo; Amcthystanthus longitubus (Miq.) Nakai; P. 



5-20 cm. long, rather slender, the pedicels short, spreading- longitubus var. contractus Maxim.; /. longitubus var. can- 



puberulent; calyx about 7 mm. long in fruit, spreading-puberu- tractus (Maxim.) Kudo Aki-choji. Stems 70-100 cm. 



lent, the teeth narrowly deltoid, acute; corolla blue-purple, long, recurved-puberulent on the angles; leaves narrowly ovate, 



8-10 mm. long, tlie tube rather broad, gibbous, twice as long 7-12 cm. long, 2.5-4 cm. wide, acuminate, cuneate at the base, 



as the cal)'x, 1.5 times as long as the lower lip; nutlets orbicu- toothed, puberulent on nerves beneath, petiolate; racemes 10-20 



lar, about 2 mm. long, slightly flattened, smooth. Aug.- cm. long, one-sided, the pedicels rather long, the cymes sessile 



Sept. Woods in mountains; Honshu (Kanto and eastern or short-pedunculate; calyx puberulent, about 6 mm. long in 



centr. distr.). fruit, the teeth deltoid-ovate, short, very short-mucronatc; co- 



Var. excisinflexus (Nakai) Ohwi. Amcthystanthus excisin- roUa 15-20 mm. long, blue-purple, the tube rather broad, gib- 



/ffjrtt/ Nakai Tairin-yama-hakka. Corolla larger, 10-13 bous, 4-6 times as long as the limb; nutlets orbicular, about 2 



mm. long. Honshu (Hokuriku and n. distr.). mm. across, slightly flattened, smooth. Aug.-Oct. Moun- 



Var. hakusanensis (Kudo) Ohwi. Isodon excisus var. ha- tains; Honshu (w. Tokaido Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyu- 



]{usanensis Kudo; Amcthystanthus excisus var. ka\usanensis shu. 



(Kudo) Nakai Hakusan-kameba-hiki-okoshi. Append- 8. Plectranthus effusus (Maxim.) Ohwi. P. longitubus 



age of leaves broader and toothed or incised. Honshu var. effusus Maxim.; Isodon longitubus var. effusus (Maxim.) 



(high mountains of w. Hokuriku Distr.). Kudo; /. effusus (Maxim.) Hara; Amcthystanthus effusus 



Var. latifolius (Okuyama) Ohwi. Isodon umbrosus var. (Maxim.) Honda Sekiva-no-aki-ch6ji. Closely allied 



latijolia Okuyama Koshin-yama-hakka. Leaves larger, 8- to No. 7; cymes efluse, with slender, elongate, horizontally 



15 cm. long, 4-7 cm. wide, without a distinct caudate ap- spreading peduncles; upper calyx-teeth lanceolate, acute. 



pendage at apex. Honshu, (s. centr. distr.). Woods in mountains; Honshu (e. Tokaido and Kanto Distr.). 



Fam. 176. SOLANACEAE Nasu Ka Nightshade Family 



Herbs or woody plants with exstipulate, simple, alternate leaves; flowers bisexual, usually actinomorphic; calyx 4- to 6-lobed, 

 persistent, often accrescent after anthesis; corolla gamopetalous, rotate to tubular, usually 5-lobed, induplicate or valvate in bud; 

 stamens inserted on the tube, alternate with the corolla-lobes, the anthers 2-locuIar, longitudinally dehiscent or opening by pores; 

 ovary 2-locular, the locules often divided by false septa, the ovules many, on axile placentae; style terminal; fruit a capsule or 

 berry; seeds with copious endosperm. About 75 genera, with about 2,000 species, chiefly in the Tropics. 



l.A. Shrubs 1. Lycium 



IB. Herbaceous or sometimes woody at the base. 



2A. Fruit a capsule; corolla and calyx campanulate 2. ScopoUa 



2B. Fruit a berry; corolla rotate or campanulate. 

 3A. Anthers longitudinally split, distinct. 



4A. Calyx accrescent after anthesis, enclosing the fruit. 



5A. Calyx bladdery, loosely enclosing the fruit 3. Physalis 



5B. Calyx accrescent and tightly enclosing the fruit 4. Physaliastrum 



4B. Calyx scarcely accrescent after anthesis, not enclosing the fruit 5. Tubocapsicum 



3B. Anthers opening by pores, surrounding the style, free or connate 6. Solanum 



1. LYCIUM L. Ktn<o Zoku 



Mostly spiny shrubs or small trees; leaves entire, slender and terete or flat, often fasciculate; peduncles usually solitary in axils, 

 rarely fasciculate; flowers white, rose-purple, or yellowish; calyx campanulate, truncate, irregularly 3- to 5-toothed, slightly ac- 

 crescent after anthesis; corolla tubular, infundibuliform, campanulate or urceolate, 5-lobed, the throat often inflated; stamens 



often exserted, the anthers short; ovary 2-locular, the ovules often few; berry globose or ovoid. About 100 species, chiefly 



in temperate and warmer regions, especially abundant in the S. Hemisphere. 



1. Lycium chinense Mill. L. barbatum var. chinense nearly as long as the flowers; stamens exserted, the filaments 



Ait KuKo. Glabrous deciduous spiny shrub; leaves el- densely bearded near base; fruit narrowly ovoid-ellipsoid, 



lipric or narrowly oblong, 2-4 (-6) cm. long, 1-2 (-3) cm. wide, about 1.5-2 cm. long, red. Aug.-Nov. Thickets and river- 

 entire, short-petiolate; flowers pale purple or white, 1-1.5 cm. banks in lowlands; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. 



long, with darker striations near base, the pedicels slender, Korea, Manchuria, China, Ryukyus, and Formosa. 



2. SCOPOLLV. Jacq. Hashiri-dokoro Zoku 



Erect, fleshy, glabrous herbs; stems rather stout, slightly branched; leaves membranous, entire; flowers pendulous, brown- 

 purple or greenish, solitary, on slender axillary pedicels; calyx membranous, broadly campanulate, truncate or shallowly 5-lobed 

 at apex, accrescent and covering the fruit; corolla campanulate, 5-angled or shallowly 5-lobed, with 2 or 3 lobes larger in bud 

 and covering the others, the limb plicate; stamens not exserted, the anthers ovoid, longitudinally split; ovary conical, 2-loculed; 



ovules many; st}'le filiform; capsules circumscissilc, enclosed in tlie calyx, subglobose; seeds nearly reniform, papillose. Few 



species, in Japan, Himalayas, and Europe. 



