SOLANACEAE 789 



2. Physaliastrum savatieri (Makino) Makino. Cha- pubescent, the teeth deltoid, the hairs becoming soft spiny in 



maesaracha japonica Makino; C. savatieri Makino; C. ivata- fruit; corolla puberulent outside, densely pubescent inside at 



nabei Yatabe; P. juponicum Honda, pro parte Ao-h6zuki. base widi branched hairs; filaments soft spreading-pubcscent; 



Perennial herb with short rhizomes; stems branched, soft, fruit ellipsoidal, 1-1.3 cm. long, enclosed by the green per- 



thinly soft-pubescent; leaves membranous, oblong, sometimes sistent urceolate calyx longer than the fruit. June-July. 



ovate-elliptic, 6-12 cm. long, 2.5-4.5 cm. wide, acuminate at Woods in mountains; Honshu, Shikoku. Forma kimurae 



both ends, loosely short-pubescent, ciliate, short-petiolate; flow- (Makino) Ohvvi. P. \imurac Makino Takao-hozuki. 



ers 1 or sometimes 2 in axils, greenish, the pedicels 2-3 cm. Fruit globose. Honshu (Mount Takao in Musashi Prov.). 



long in fruit, thickened at apex; calyx often thinly short- 



5. TUBOCAPSICUM Makino Hadaka-hozuki Zoku 



Perennial rhizomatous herbs; stems erect, branched; leaves nearly entire; flowers fasciculate in axils, pendulous, yellowish; 

 calyx short, truncate, nearly entire, slighdy accrescent and not enclosing the fruit; corolla broadly campanulate, 5-lobed, valvate in 

 bud; anthers ovate, with parallel locules; style elongate, the stigma dilated and capitate; ovules many; berry juicy, small, globose, 

 red; seeds flat, depressed-punctate. Few species, in e. Asia and India. 



W. Leaves thinly membranous, acuminate; pedicels somewhat thickened at apex; corolla vifith the lobes deltoid, acute. . . 1. T. anomaltim 

 IB. Leaves rather thick, obtuse; pedicels much thickened at apex; corolla with the lobes oblong, obtuse 2.T. obtiisum 



1. Tubocapsicum anomalum (Fr. & Sav.) Makino. mm. across, red, naked. Aug.-Oct. Woods in hills and 



Capsicum anomalum Fr. & Sav.; C. cordijorme var. tnincata mountains; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus, Formosa, 



Miq.; Solarium anodontum Lev. & Van't.— — Hadaka-hozuki. Philippines, and India. 



Nearly glabrous perennial herb with obliquely spreading 2. Tubocapsicum obtusum Kitam. T. anomalum var. 



branches; leaves oblong or elliptic, 8-18 cm. long, 4-10 cm. obtusum Makino Maruba-hadaka-hozuki. Resembles the 



wide, acuminate or abruptly acuminate at both ends, entire or preceding; leaves thicker, ovate or narrowly so, 8-12 cm. long, 



obsoletely and remotely undulate-toothed, the peuoles short, 4.5-5.5 cm. wide, obtuse, entire, gradually narrowed to a short 



winged; flowers 2-5 in axils, sometimes solitary, yellowish, petiole; flowers 2-5 in axils, the pedicels 2-2.5 cm. long in 



the pedicels slender, pendulous, 15-25 mm. long, thickened fruit, about 7 mm. long in anthesis; calyx truncate, about 5 



at the apex in fruit; calyx shallow, truncate, glabrous; corolla mm. across; corolla with the lobes oblong, obtuse; fruit glo- 



about 8 mm. across, 5-lobcd, the lobes recurved above, lanceo- bose, 8-12 mm. across, red. Woods and thickets near sea- 



late-deltoid, acute with a minute obtuse tip; fruit globose, 7-10 shores; Honshu (Kii Prov.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



6. SOLANUM L. Nasu Zoku 



Herbs or woody plants, sometimes scandent; stems sometimes prickly, glabrous or stellate-pubescent, often viscid; leaves al- 

 ternate, entire or pinnatifid; cymes regularly branched or one-sided, axillary or in terminal panicles or corymbs; flowers yellow, 

 white, or purplish; calyx campanulate or spreading, 5- to 10-toothed, rarely accrescent in fruit; corolla rotate, the limb plicate in 

 bud, angled or shallowly lobed; filaments inserted on the throat, very short, the anthers connivent around die style, longitudinally 

 splitting or opening by pores; ovary 2(-4)-loculed, many-ovuled; berry juicy, sometimes becoming dry, globose to oblong; seeds 

 flat. About 1,500 species, in the Tropics and warmer regions, especially abundant in S. America. 



lA. Flowers axillary, fasciculate; calyx 10-cleft, densely yellowish pubescent, the lobes linear \. S. biflonim 



1 B. Flowers in supra-axillarj' or extra-axillary pedunculate cymes; calyx undulately 5-lobed or -toothed. 

 2A. Flowers in simple umbellate cymes. 



3A. Cymes with a short axis; leaves rather thick, broadly ovate, acute or obtuse, deep green; corolla and fruit 6-7 mm. across. 



2. S. nigrum 

 3B. Cymes without axis; leaves thinly membranous, ovate, acuminate, vivid green; corolla and fruit narrower. . . 3. 5. photeinocarpum 

 2B. Flowers in dichotomous elongate cymes. 



4A. Anthers lanceolate, 4-5 mm. long, narrowed at tip; berry ellipsoidal; leaves entire 4. 5. megacarpum 



4B. Anthers oblong or narrowly so, 2.5-3.5 mm. long, not narrowed at the tip; fruit usually globose. 

 5A. Plants glabrous or nearly so; calyx-teeth short, distinctly shorter than wide. 



6.\. Anther-loculcs obliquely truncate at apex; leaves often incised or deeply 3- to 5-lobcd, long-acuminate, rounded at base 



when entire, cordate when lobed 5. 5. japonense 



6B. Anther-loculcs subtruncate at apex; leaves entire, acute to acuminate, rounded to broadly cuneatc at base. 



6. S. maximowiczii 



5B. Plant densely glandular-tipped hairy; calyx-tccth depressed-deltoid to broadly ovate; anthers nearly truncate at apex; leaves 



pinnately cleft, rarely entire 7. 5. lyratum 



1. Solanum biflonim Lour. Lycianthes biflora (Lour.) slightly undulale-toothed, pubescent above and on nerves be- 

 Bitter; S. dcccmdcntatum Roxb. Mejiro-hozuki. Peren- ncath or on both surfaces, the petiole winged in upper part; 



nial erect herb, 60-100 cm. high, ligneous at base, die branches flowers 1 or 2 in axils, the pedicels 5-10 mm. long, promi- 

 pubescent while young, becoming glabrous and gray-yellow; ncndy yellow-brown spreading-pubcscent; calyx 10-cleft, 6-10 

 leaves oblong, ovate, or narrowly so, 6-13 cm. long, 3-7 cm. mm. across at anthesis, 1-2 cm. across in fruit, densely yellow- 

 wide, acute, rounded or abrupdy narrowed at base, entire or ish pubescent, the teeth broadly linear; corolla about 1.5 cm. 



