792 



SCROPHULARIACEAE 



1. Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Steud. Bignonia 

 tomentosa Thunb.; P. imperialis Sieb. & Zucc. Kiri. De- 

 ciduous tree with glandular-pubescent branches and leaves; 

 leaves large, long-petiolate, entire or shallowly 3- to 5-Iobed; 



flowers before the leaves; calyx yellow-brown villous; corolla 

 5-6 cm. long, pale purple, yellow-striate inside; capsules 3-4 

 cm. long. May-June. Much cultivated in our area and re- 

 portedly wild in Kyushu. (?) Korea (Utsuryo Island). 



3. SCROPHULARIA L. Goma-no-ha-gusa Zoku 



Usually foetid herbs or subshrubs; leaves opposite, or alternate in the upper ones, toothed or entire, sometimes pinnatifid; 

 cymes often forming a terminal panicle; flowers small, green-purple, yellow-green, or sometimes brown; calyx 5-cleft, the lobes 

 obtuse, rounded; corolla-tube ellipsoidal, gibbous, the lobes 5, small, flat, the 2 posterior lobes often longer than the others, 

 the anterior one spreading; stamens didymous, the anther-locules parallel, connate; capsules ovoid, septicidal; seeds ovoid, 

 rugose, wingless. More than 200 species, chiefly in the N. Hemisphere, abundant in the Mediterranean region. 



lA. Stems winged; leaves slightly fleshy; petioles winged, semiclasping; capsules 7-10 mm. long, 5-7 mm. wide 1.5. grayana 



IB. Stems 4-angled, wingless; leaves membranous or chartaceous. 



2 A. Roots more or less thickened; rhizomes not prominent; capsules ovoid-conical; leaves chartaceous. 



3A. Calyx-lobes broadly ovate; panicles terminal, very narrow and spikelike, densely flowered; flowers yellow-green, 6-7 mm. long; 



capsules about 5 mm. long, about 3 mm. across 2. S. btiergeriana 



3B. Calyx-lobes narrowly ovate to lanceolate; panicles broader and looser; flowers dark purple, slightly larger; capsules 5-8 mm. 

 long, 4-6 mm. across. 



4A. Calyx-lobes narrowly ovate, acute to subobtuse; leaves serrulate 3. 5. kflkiidensis 



4B. Calyx-lobes lanceolate, acuminate; leaves minutely serrulate 4. S. toyamae 



2B. Roots slender, fibrous; rhizomes short, thick and prominent; capsules ovoid-globose to globose; leaves membranous. 



5 A. Cymes axillary, 1- to 3 -flowered, shorter than the leaves, not forming a terminal panicle; flowers 9-11 mm. long; capsules 



ovoid-globose 5. 5. musashiensis 



5B. Cymes forming a loose terminal panicle; flowers 7-9 mm. long; capsules globose, abruptly acute 6. S. dttplicatoserrata 



1. Scrophularia grayana Maxim, ex Komar. S. data calyx-lobes narrowly ovate or ovate-deltoid, acute to subobtuse; 



A. Gray, non Gilib. Ezo-hina-no-usu-tsubo. Stems rather corolla dark purple, 8-10 mm. long; capsules ovoid. Aug.- 



stout, 4-winged, usually pubescent on the nodes and upper Oct. Mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. 



parts; leaves slightly fleshy, narrowly ovate to deltoid-ovate, Korea. 



8-15 cm. long, 4-8 (-10) cm. wide, acute, rounded to broadly 4. Scrophularia toyamae Hatus. ex Yamazaki. Tsu- 

 cuneate at base, regularly toothed, nearly glabrous on both shima-hina-no-usu-tsueo. Stems erect, simple, glabrous, 4- 

 sides, the petioles narrowly winged, semiclasping; cymes rather angled; leaves ovate, 5-7 cm. long, 2.5-4 cm. wide, subacute, 

 many-flowered, pedunculate, forming a terminal panicle, shallowly cordate at base, very minutely serrulate, thinly 

 longer than the bracts, the branches usually loosely glandular- short-pilose on both surfaces; cymes forming a narrow glandu- 

 pilose; pedicels 1-2 cm. long; calyx-lobes ovate-orbicular, lar-pilose terminal panicle, the pedicels 5-15 mm. long; calyx- 

 rounded at apex; corolla 12-15 mm. long, yellow-green, tinged lobes lanceolate, acuminate; corolla purple, about 8 mm. long; 



pale brownish purple; capsules 7-10 mm. long, 5-7 mm. wide, capsules ovoid-conical, acute, 5-8 mm. long. July-Aug. 



ovoid-conical; seeds narrowly ovate, dark brown, with few Reported from Kyushu (Tsushima) . 



obsolete longitudinal grooves. May-Aug. Near seashores; 5. Scrophularia musashiensis Bonati. Satsuki-hina- 



Hokkaido, Honshu (Rikuchu and Noto Prov. and northw.). no-usu-tsubo. Stems 40-80 cm. long, 4-angled, usually 

 s. Kuriles and Sakhalin. simple, often loosely pubescent; leaves thinly membranous, 



2. Scrophularia buergeriana Miq. S. buergeriana var. ovate-oblong or ovate, 7-15 cm. long, 3-8 cm. wide, subacute, 

 distantiflora Miq.; S. oldhamii Oliv.; 5. oldhamii var. distant!- rounded or cuneate at base, doubly toothed or incised, the 



■flora (Miq.) Fr. & Sav. Goma-no-ha-gusa. Stems erect, petioles narrowly winged; cymes axillary, 1- to 3-flowered, 



80-150 cm. high, 4-angled, glabrous, nearly simple; leaves nar- loose, long-pedunculate, loosely glandular-pilose; flowers 9-11 



rowly deltoid or deltoid-oblong, 5-10 cm. long, 2.5-5 cm. wide, mm. long, the pedicels slender, 2-3 (-4) cm. long; calyx-lobes 



acuminate, truncate to broadly cuneate at base, the petioles ovate, obtuse; capsules ovoid-globose, 7-10 mm. long. 



wingless or very slightly winged; cymes few-flowered, forming (Apr.-)May. Honshu (w. Kanto Distr. and Shinano Prov.). 



a spikelike rather dense panicle, 1-2 cm. long inclusive of the 6. Scrophularia duplicatoserrata (Miq.) Makino. S. 



peduncle, minutely glandular-pilose, the bracts small; calyx- alata var. duplicatoserrata Miq.; 5. musashiensis var. surugen- 



lobes broadly ovate, subacute or subobtuse; corolla yellow- sis Honda; S. duplicatoserrata var. surugensis (Honda) Hara 



green, 6-7 mm. long; capsules ovoid, about 5 mm. long, about Hina-no-usu-tsubo, Yama-hina-no-usu-tsubo. Stems 



3 mm. across; seeds rather small. July-Aug. Grassy places 40-60 cm. long, 4-angled, glabrous or thinly pubescent at base; 



along rivers in lowlands; Honshu, Kyushu. Korea, Man- leaves thinly membranous, ovate to oblong-ovate, acute to 



churia, and China. acuminate, rounded to broadly cuneate at base, glabrous on 



3. Scrophularia kakudensis Franch. O-hina-no-usu- both sides or rarely thinly pubescent above and on nerves be- 

 TsuBo, Hina-no-usu-tsubo. Stems 4-angled, erect, often neath, doubly toothed, petiolate; cymes forming a loose termi- 

 much branched, thinly pubescent or glabrous at base; leaves nal panicle, scattered glandular-pilose, the pedicels slender, 1-2 

 narrowly deltoid to deltoid-oblong, acute, truncate to rounded (-3) cm. long; calyx-lobes ovate or broadly so, obtuse to sub- 



at base, serrulate, thinly pubescent especially beneath, petiolate; acute; capsules 6-7 mm. long, globose, abruptly acute. 



cymes several-flowered, pedunculate, forming a terminal rather Honshu (Tokaido Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu, 

 loose panicle, the pedicels 7-15 mm. long, glandular-pilose; 



