SCROPHULARIACEAE 



793 



4. PENTSTEMON Mitchell Iwabukuro Zoku 



Perennial herbs or subshrubs; leaves opposite, the lower petiolate, the upper reduced to bracts; inflorescence a terminal, often 

 leafy, bracteate panicle, rarely a raceme; flowers showy, rose-purple, purplish, whitish, rarely pale yellow; calyx 5-parted or cleft, 

 the lobes imbricate in bud; corolla-tube usually elongate, sometimes inflated on one side, the limb bilabiate; stamens 4, didy- 



mous, not exscrted; staminode filiform; capsules septicidal, the valves entire. About 150 species, in N. America and Mexico, 



one in e. Asia. 



1. Pentstemon frutescens Lamb. Iwabukuro. Rhi- 

 zomes ascending and branched; stems erect, somewhat tufted, 

 10-20 cm. long, few-leaved, with 2 longitudinal lines of hairs; 

 lower few leaves scalehke, the upper ones rather thick and 

 fleshy, ovate-oblong or broadly lanceolate, 4-7 cm. long, 1.5-3 

 cm. wide, acute, narrowed or obtuse at base, mucronate- 

 toothed, short-pilose on margin, sessile; flowers few, the pedi- 

 cels 5-10 mm. long, as long as or slightly longer than the 



lanceolate bracts, rather densely glandular-tipped pubescent; 

 calyx 12-15 mm. long, 5-parted, the lobes narrowly lanceolate; 

 corolla about 2.5 cm. long, tubular, pale purple, loosely pubes- 

 cent externally; capsules narrowly ovoid, as long as the calyx; 

 seeds many, flat, winged, about 2 mm. long. Aug. Grav- 

 elly and sandy alpine slopes; Hokkaido, Honshu (n. distr.). 

 Kuriles, Sakhalin, e. Siberia, Kamchatka, and Aleutians. 



5. LIMOSELLA L. 



KiTAMi-so Zoku 



Dwarf glabrous tufted acaulescent often stoloniferous herbs; leaves tufted, radical, alternate, linear to oblong or ovate; pedicels 

 radical, axillary, bractless; flowers white or rose-colored, minute; calyx campanulate, 5-toothed; corolla rotate, actinomorphic, 

 5-lobed, the lobes nearly equal, spreading, ovate-rounded, imbricate in bud; stamens 4, inserted on the tube, the anther-locules 

 confluent; ovary 2-locular at base, without the septum at tip; style short, the stigma subcapitate; capsules indehiscent or tardily 

 dehiscent, the valves membranous; seeds many, small, ovate. Few species, chiefly S. African, 1 or 2 nearly cosmopolitan. 



1. Limosella aquatica L. Kitami-s6. Delicate gla- 

 brous annual; leaves radical, tufted, broadly linear to narrowly 

 oblong, 4-10 mm. long, 1-3 mm. wide, 2-5 cm. long including 

 the pedole; stolons short, nodeless, with a tuft of leaves at the 

 top; pedicels 4-20 mm. long, ascending, appressed to the 

 ground in fruit; flowers white to pinkish, about 2.5 mm. 



across; calyx thinly membranous, shorter than the fruit; corolla 

 lobes broadly ovate; capsules 2-lobed, ellipsoidal, about 3 mm. 

 long; seeds elliptic, about 0.3 mm. long, somewhat reticulate. 

 — — May-Oct. Muddy or sandy places around springs and 



along rivers; Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu; very rare. 



Cooler regions of the N. Hemisphere. 



6. MIMULUS L. 



Mizo-h5zuki Zoku 



Erect or decumbent, glabrous to pubescent herbs; leaves opposite, entire or toothed; flowers yellow, rose, or purplish, solitary, 

 in axils or the upper ones somedmes in terminal racemes, the pedicels bractless; calyx tubular, 5-ribbed, 5-toothed, the ribs often 

 winglike; corolla-tube sometimes inflated on one side, the upper lip 2-lobed, the lower lip 3-lobed, with 2 tubercles or ridges inside 

 the throat; stamens 4, didymous; style with 2 lamellate stigmas; capsules ellipsoidal to linear, enclosed in the calyx, loculicidal. 



About 60 species, in temperate regions, except Europe and the Mediterranean area, especially abundant in w. N. America, 



also in S. America. 



lA. Calyx-teeth 5, mucrolike; corolla 1.5-2 cm. long; leaves petiolate except the upper ones, abruptly acute at base. 



1. M. nepalensis var. japonicus 

 IB. Calyx with 5 short deltoid lobes; corolla 2.5-3 cm. long; leaves sessile, rounded at base 2. M. sessilijolius 



1. Mimulus nepalensis Benth. var. japonicus Miq. ex 

 Maxim. A-/, nepalensis forma japonica Miq.; (?) Torenia in- 

 flata Miq.; M. tenelliis var. japonicus (Miq.) Hand.-Mazz. 



Mizo-HozuKi. Glabrous perennial; stems 10-30 



cm. long, 4-angled; leaves ovate to broadly so, 1.5-4 cm. 

 long, 1-2.5 cm. wide, subacute or obtuse, abrupdy acute to 

 broadly cuneate or sometimes rounded at base, loosely few- 

 toothed, short-petiolate or sessile in the upper ones; pedicels 

 longer or slightly shorter than the leaves, 1.5-3 cm. long; 

 calyx 8-10 mm. long at anthesis, 10-15 mm. in fruit, with 5 

 narrow wings, the teeth mucrolike, less than I mm. long; 

 corolla pale yellow, 1.5-2 cm. long, widi 2 lines of hairs in- 

 side near tip; capsules oblong, 8-10 mm. long, enclosed in the 



persistent slightly inflated calyx; seeds minute, smooth. 



June-Aug. Wet places and along streams in mountains; Hok- 

 kaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. Korea. 



2. Mimulus sessUifolius Maxim. Oba-mizo-hozuki. 

 Glabrous perennial; stems erect, simple, 4-angled, 20-30 cm. 

 long; basal leaves scalelike; cauline leaves broadly to narrowly 

 ovate, 3-6 cm. long, 1.5-3.5 cm. wide, short-acuminate or acute, 

 rounded at base, sessile, sometimes obtuse in the lower ones, 

 coarsely acute-toothed, short-pilose on margin, the lateral 

 nerves of 2 or 3 pairs arising near the base, the pedicels 1-3 

 cm. long, usually half as long as the leaves; calyx 8-13 mm. 

 long, 5-angled, the lobes deltoid, acuminate; corolla pale yel- 

 low, yellow-brown spotted at base inside, 2.5-3 cm. long, with 

 2 rows of long papillose hairs; capsules not exsertcd from the 



persistent calyx. July-Aug. Wet grassy places in high 



mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. and n. distr.). Sa- 

 khalin and s. Kuriles. 



