SCROPHULARIACEAE 



795 



Forma albiflorus (Makino) Makino. M. japonicus var. albi- 



florus Makino Shirobana-sacicoke, Sacigoke. Wliitc- 



flowered phase. 



Var. contractus Makino. Jaiw\go-s6. Leaves strongly in- 

 curved and bullate, very numerous on the stems. Possibly 



of garden origin. 



2. Mazus fauriei Bonati. M. japonicus var. tenuiracemus 

 Hayata; M. taihol{uensis Masam.; A/, tenuiracemus (Hayata) 

 Hatus. Seitaka-sagicoke. Somewhat pubescent peren- 



nial; leaves opposite, nearly radical, obovate-spathulate, 3-4 cm. 

 long inclusive of the winged petiole, 1-1.5 cm. wide, rounded 

 at apex, obtusely toothed; stems leafy near base, 8-15 cm. long, 

 loosely 5- to lO-flowered, scattered-puberulent, the pedicels 

 longer than the calyx; calyx 5-7 mm. long, 5-cleft; corolla 13- 

 20 mm. long, pale purple, the upper lip divided into 2 nar- 

 rowly oblong lobes, the lower lip with 2 yellowish raised bands 



inside; capsules globose, 3-4 mm. across; seeds minute. 



Apr. Kyushu (s. distr.). Ryukyus and Formosa. 



3. Mazus japonicus (Thunb.) O. Kuntze. Lindernia 

 japonica Thunb., pro parte; M. rugosus Lour.; Tittmannia 

 obovata Bunge Tokiwa-haze. Somewhat pubescent per- 

 ennial; stems 5-15 cm. long, leafy mostly on lower half or 

 toward the base; basal leaves opposite, obovatc, elliptic-cuneate 

 or oblong-spathulate, 2-6 cm. long inclusive of the petiole, 

 8-15 mm. wide, rounded at apex, coarsely obtuse-toothed; 

 cauline leaves subsessile or short-pedolate; racemes loosely few- 

 flowered, the pedicels longer than die calyx, puberulent; calyx 

 5-10 mm. long, 5-fid; corolla white to purplish, 1-1.2 cm. long, 

 the upper lip about half as long as the lower, the lower lip 

 with 2 raised yellow clavate-pilose bands inside; fruit globose, 



Z-A mm. across. Apr.-Oct. Waste grounds, cultivated 



fields, and riverbanks in lowlands; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shi- 



koku, Kyushu; very common. Korea, Ryukyus, China, and 



India. 



9. MICROCARPAEA R. Br. Suzume-no-hakobe Zoku 



Minute, creeping, much-branched annual; leaves opposite, narrow, entire, sessile; flowers solitary in axils, sessile, very minute, 

 without bracteoles; calyx tubular, 5-ribbed, shortly 5-lobed; corolla-tube short, the limb 5-lobed, spreading, imbricate in bud, 

 the 2 posterior (upper) lobes connate at base; stamens 2, inserted on tube, the anther-locules confluent; ovules many; capsules 

 ovoid, 2-grooved, loculicidal; seeds ovoid. One species, in e. Asia, India, Malaysia, and Australia. 



1. Microcarpaea minima (Koenig) Merr. Paederota 



minima Koenig; M. muscosa R. Br. Suzume-no-hakobe. 



Plant very delicate, glabrous except the calyx-lobes; stems much 

 branched, appressed to the ground, many-leaved; leaves spread- 

 ing, broadly linear to broadly lanceolate, 3-5 mm. long, 1 (-2) 

 mm. \\'ide, obtuse, shorter than the internodes of branches, 

 semiclasping at base, entire, sessile; flowers solitary in axils, 

 sessile; calyx 2.5-3 mm. long, tubular-campanulate, 5-ribbed, 



5-lobed, the lobes narrowly deltoid, acute, sparsely ciliate, 

 slightly spreading at tip; corolla minute, pink; capsules oblong, 

 nearly as long as the calyx-tube, enclosed in the calyx; seeds 

 fusiform-ovoid, obtuse, yellow-brown, nearly smooth, about 



0.3 mm. long. July-Oct. Paddy fields and wet riverbanks 



in lowlands; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Korea, Ryukyus, 



Formosa, China, India, Malaysia, and Australia. 



10. GRATIOLA L. 



O-ABU-No-ME Zoku 



Erect or decumbent, glabrous or pilose herbs; leaves opposite, entire or toothed; pedicels solitary in axils, usually bibracteolate; 

 calyx deeply 5-cleft to -parted, slightly unequal; corolla-tube bilabiate, the upper lip entire or shordy 2-lobed, the lower lip 3-lobed, 

 the lobes rounded; stamens 2, die anther-locules distinct, not confluent, the staminodia 2 or absent; capsules ovoid, often acute, 

 4-valved, loculicidal or sepricidal, the valves incurved on margin, free from the placentae; seeds many, small, striate, or reticu- 

 late. About 25 species, chiefly in temperate and warmer regions. 



I . G. japonica 



2. G. virginiana 



lA. Flowers sessile; leaves lanceolate 



IB. Flowers on pedicels 3-10 mm. long; leaves ovate 



1. Gratiola japonica Miq. G. micrantha Fr. & Sav. 



O-ABU-NO-ME. Glabrous annual; stems rather fleshy, erect, 

 10-25 cm. long, usually branched at base; leaves spreading, 

 lanceolate, subobtuse, entire, weakly few-nerved from the base, 

 sessile; flowers solitary in a-xils, sessile, die bracteoles simulating 

 the calyx-lobes; calyx 3-4 mm. long, 5-parted nearly to the 

 base, the segments lanceolate, subobtuse; corolla white, about 

 6 mm. long, the limb rather short, bilabiate; capsules globose, 

 4-5 mm. across, slightly longer than the calyx; seeds lanceolate, 



about 0.7 mm. long. May-July. Wet places especially in 



paddy fields; Honshu, Kyushu. Korea, Amur, and Ussuri. 



2. Gratiola virginiana L. G. fuviatilis Koidz. Ka- 



MiGAMO-so. Annual, about 15 cm. high; stems somewhat 

 fleshy, puberulent, sparsely branched at base; leaves ovate, 2.5- 

 5.5 cm. long, 1.5-2.8 cm. wide, very obtuse, broadly cuncate at 

 base, 5-nerved, irregularly obtuse-toodied, loosely pilose on 

 margin; flowers solitary, white, about 8 mm. long, in axils, 

 the pedicels pilose, 3-10 mm. long, the bracteoles broadly lin- 

 ear, 2.5 mm. long; cal>rx 5-parted to the base, the segments 

 linear-lanceolate, pilose, slightly accrescent after anthesis, to 

 7 mm. long in fruit; corolla bilabiate; stamens 2, the filaments 

 densely pilose, staminodes absent; capsules cordate, about 5 



mm. long. Oct. Found once in Honshu near Kyoto. 



N. America. 



11. DEINOSTEMA Yamazaki Sawa-togarashi Zoku 



Annual herbs with fibrous roots; stems erect; leaves opposite, sessile, entire, obscurely veined; chasmogamic flowers long-pedi- 

 celled in the axils of upper leaves, solitary; calyx campanulate, 5-parted, ebracteolate; corolla tubulose-campanulate, the limb 



