SCROPHULARUCEAE 



805 



ward the top; seeds ellipsoidal, black, about 3 mm. long, 



strophiolate at base. Aug.-Oct. Honshu (centr. distr. and 



wcstw.), Kyushu. Korea, Manchuria, and China. 



Var. ovalifolium Nakai ex Beauvcrd. M. ovalifolium 

 Nakai; A/, rosctim subsp. ovalifolium (Nakai) Beauverd; M. 



aristalum (Beauverd) Soo Marub.\-mamako-na. Spikes 



usually congested, the bracts long-acuminate, with rather 

 numerous spreading soft spines on margin; calyx glabrous or 



pubescent, the teeth usually acuminate. Kyushu (Iki and 



Tsushima). Korea. 



Var. japonicum Fr. & Sav. 11. ciliare Miq.; M. jedoense 

 var. luxtirians Miq.; A/, roseum var. ciliare (Miq.) Nakai; M. 

 rosctim subsp. japonicum Nakai ex Matsum., incl. vars. 

 genuinum, salicijolium, and resupinatum of Nakai; M. roseum 



var. sendaiense Beauverd. Mamako-na. Similar to var. 



ovalifolium but densely long-pubescent on axis of spikes and 



calyx. Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. 



Korea. 



2. Melampyrum setaceum (Maxim.) Nakai. M. 

 roseum var. setaceum Maxim, ex Palib.; M. roseum var. 



alpinum Kitam.; M. l{aivasal{ianum Kitam. Hosoba-Mv\ma- 



Ko-NA. Stems slightly angled, erect, 30-60 cm. long, usually 

 much branched, terete, loosely puberulent; median leaves hn- 

 ear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 2-4 cm. long, 3-4 mm. wide, long- 

 acuminate, thinly short-pubescent, short-petiolate; bracts linear 

 to broadly deltoid-lanceolate, prominently setose on margin, 

 the upper ones rose-purple; calyx 3—4.5 mm. long, puberulent 

 to glabrous, the lobes acuminate, slighdy awn-tipped; corolla 



red, 15-18 mm. long; capsules 8-9 mm. long, puberulent. 



Aug.-Oct. Honshu (Kinki Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyu- 

 Su. Korea and Manchuria. 



Var. latifolium Nakai. M. na^aianum var. latifolium 



(Nakai) Tuyama 0-hosoba-mamako-na. Broad-leaved 



phase with leaves 3-4.5 cm. long, 6-8 mm. wide. Kyushu. 



3. Melampyrum laxum Miq. var. nikkoense Beauverd. 

 M. australe forma edetitatum Tuyama; M. laxum forma n;^- 



l^oense (Beauverd) Soo Miyama-mamako-na. Stems 20- 



50 cm. long, puberulent, with ascending branches; median 

 leaves broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, acuminate, 

 rounded to abrupdy acute at base, petiolate; bracts loose, small, 

 obtuse, entire; calyx puberulent or nearly glabrous, about 3 

 mm. long, die teeth thick, obtuse, short; corolla red, rarely 

 white, 13-18 mm. long; capsules ovate, acuminate, about 1 cm. 

 long, densely puberulent. Aug.-Sept. Woods in moun- 

 tains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu. 



Var. laxum. M. australe Nakai ex Tuyama; M. roseum 

 var. brevidens Kitam.; M. laxum var. brevidens (Kitam.) 



Hara; M. laxum forma australe Nakai, pro parte Shikoku- 



mamako-na, Uba-mamako-na. Bracts often hastate, more or 

 less setose-dentate on lower margin; corolla 13-18 mm. long, 

 red. Honshu (centr. distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



Var. arcuatum (Nakai) Soo. M. arcuatum Nakai 



Takane-mamako-na. Stems 15-20 cm. long; leaves ovate- 

 elliptic to narrowly ovate, 2-^ cm. long, 7-15 mm. wide; bracts 

 loose, broadly lanceolate, small; calyx-lobes rounded; corolla 



yellowish, 10-12 mm. long. July-Aug. Damp woods in 



high mountains; Honshu (Kai, s. Shinano, and w. Musashi 

 Prov.). 



Var. yakusimense (Tuyama) Kitam. M. ya\usimense 

 Tuyama Yakushima-mamako-na. Resembles var. arcu- 

 atum, but with broader, ovate or oblong bracts and red co- 

 rollas. Kyushu (Yakushima). 



24. EUPHRASIA L. 



KoGOMEGUSA ZoKU 



Branched or simple erect annuals or perennials; leaves small, opposite, cuneate, sessile, toothed or incised, or pinnately lobed; 

 flowers sessile or short-pedicelled, in axils of leaflike bracts, white, yellowish, or rarely purplish, ebracteolate; calyx tubular 

 or campanulate, 4-cIeft, the lobes obtuse or acute; corolla-tube ampliate, the limb bilabiate, the upper lip erect, shallowly 

 2-lobed or bidentate, the lower lip spreading, 3-lobed, the lobes obtuse or retuse; stamens 4, didymous; capsules oblong or 



obovate, flattened, loculicidal; seeds longitudinally striate. About 100 species, in cooler regions of the N. Hemisphere, 



Australia, S. America, and in mountains of Malaysia. 



1 A. Leaves narrowly obovate to narrowly oblong, more than twice as long as wide. 

 2 A. Corolla large, 7-10 mm. long on back. 



3A. Calyx less than half as long as the corolla I.E. insignis 



3B. Calyx half as long as the corolla or longer. 



4A. Bracts with acute teeth 2. E. puhigera 



4B. Bracts short awn-toothed 3. E. hachijoensis 



2B. Corolla small, 5-6 mm. long on back 4. E. microp/iylla 



B. Leaves orbicular, broadly obovate, or rhombic-elliptic, less than rivice as long as wide. 

 5 A. Corolla large, 7-10 mm. long. 



6A. Plants 2-10 cm. high, usually simple, rarely sparingly branched. 



7A. Hairs not curled or glandular 5. £. yabeana 



7B. Hairs curled and glandular on upper part 6. E. matsumurae 



6B. Plants 10-30 cm. high, usually much branched. 



8A. Leaves scarcely scabrous; corolla 8-10 mm. long; lower lip of corolla much longer than the upper 7. E. iinumae 



8B. Leaves prominently scabrous; corolla 7-8 mm. long; lower lip of corolla slightly longer than the upper 8. E. mullifolia 



5B. Corolla small, 4-5(-6) mm. long; lower lip nearly as long as to slightly longer than the upper lip; teeth of leaves and calyx-lobes 

 acuminate, short awn-tipped 9. E. maximowicsii 



1. Euphrasia insignis Wettst. MrvAMA-KocoMECusA. each side, sessile; leaves of the inflorescence rhombic-obovate 

 Stems 7-15 cm. long, simple or branched, white-puberulent; or obovate, scabrous on upper side, with 2 or 3 very acute or 

 median leaves narrowly obovate, 6-12 mm. long, 3-6(-7) mm. mucronate teeth; calyx 4-6 mm. long, 4-!obed, the lobes linear- 

 wide, cuneate at base, with 2 or 3 acute or subacute teeth on lanceolate, very acuminate; corolla 8-10 mm. long, the lobes 



