SCROPHULARIACEAE 



809 



2-3 cm. wide, abruptly acute, long-petiolate, pinnately divided, 

 the segments ovate-oblong, acute, pinnately parted; cauline 

 leaves simulating the basal, alternate, the uppermost smaller; 

 spikes solitary, terminal, erect, densely 10- to 20-flovvered, sub- 

 capitate or somewhat elongate in fruit, to 4 cm. long, promi- 

 nently pubescent, the lower bracts leaflike, usually longer than 

 to as long as the flowers, the upper bracts ternate-pinnate, long- 

 attenuate at base, as long as or slightly longer than the calyx; 

 calyx 8-12 mm. long, tubular, membranous, the teeth oblanceo- 

 late, 3-5 mm. long; corolla red, 2-2.5 cm. long, ascending, the 

 helmet rounded at apex, with a minute tooth on each side 

 immediately below the apex, the lower lip spreading, shorter 

 than the helmet, deeply 3-lobed; anthers of upper and lower 

 pairs contiguous; capsules 12-18 mm. long, suberect, acute, 

 mucronate; seeds about 3 mm. long, with longitudinal rows of 



depressed, minute, 4-angled impressed dots. July-Aug. 



Alpine regions; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. and n. distr.). 



9. Pedicularis koidzumiana Tatew. & Ohwi. Beni-shio- 

 G.\MA, RiSHiRi-SHiOGAMA. Rhizomes thick; stems 5-10 cm. 

 long, stout, simple, few-leaved or leafless; radical leaves many, 

 long-periolate, oblong-ovate, 1.5-3 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. wide, 

 subobtuse, pinnately divided, the segments of 7 to 10 pairs, 

 oblong, obtuse, toothed; cauline leaves absent or few, similar 

 to the radical; spikes solitary, densely few-flowered, subcapi- 

 tate, 1-2 cm. long, unbranched, die lower bracts leaflike, much 

 longer than the caljoc, the upper ones shorter than the calyx; 

 calyx short-tubular, about 1 cm. long, the teeth oblong-spathu- 

 late, few-toothed, obtuse; corolla red, about 3 cm. long, the 

 helmet rounded at apex, with a shallow minute tooth on each 

 side immediately below the apex, the lower lip spreading, 

 shorter than the helmet, 3-lobed; capsules about 1.5 cm. long, 

 erect, mucronate; seeds 2.5-3 mm. long, reticulate. Hok- 

 kaido (Rishiri Isl.). Sakhalin. 



10. Pedicularis oederi Vahl. P. versicolor Wahlenb. 



KiB.\NA-sHioGAMA. Plant long-pubescent, becoming 



nearly glabrous; rhizomes stout, with few membranous scale- 

 like leaves on the neck; stems 7-15 cm. long, rather stout, few- 

 leaved; radical leaves few, petiolate, oblanceolate or oblong- 

 lanceolate, 3-5 cm. long, 8-15 mm. wide, obtuse, pinnately 

 divided, the segments 10 to 18 pairs, ovate-oblong, obtuse, 

 toothed; cauline leaves similar but sometimes smaller; spikes 

 solitary, 3-5 cm. long, simple, densely 10- to 20-flowered, the 

 lower bracts leaflike, the upper ones reduced to a small pin- 

 nately lobed blade, with a dilated petiole; calyx 1-1.5 cm. long, 

 tubular, membranous, usually loosely long-pubescent, the teeth 

 2-A mm. long, narrowly deltoid, with a small toothed blade at 

 apex; corolla erect, about 2.5 cm. long, yellowish, rather nar- 

 row, the helmet obtuse, brownish on upper half, not toothed, 

 entire, the lower lip much shorter than the helmet, spreading, 

 3-lobed; capsules about 1.5 cm. long, cuspidate; seeds minutely 

 impressed-punctulate, reticulate. July-Aug. Alpine re- 

 gions; Hokkaido. Kuriles, Sakhalin, and northern regions 



of the N. Hemisphere. 



11. Pedicularis venusta Schangin var. schmidtii T. Ito. 

 Nemuro-shiogama. Perennial with stout rhizomes; stems 

 (15-) 20-30 (-50) cm. long, prominently whitish pubescent, 

 few-leaved, simple; radical leaves pinnately divided, long-petio- 

 late, tlie cauline leaves alternate, similar to the radical, broadly 

 lanceolate or narrowly ovate-oblong, 7-12 cm. long, 3-4 cm. 

 wide, subacute, short-petiolate, pinnately parted, the segments 

 broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 10 to 15 pairs, pinnately 

 cleft or lobed, white-pubescent beneath, mucronately acute- 



toothed; spikes solitary, simple, densely many-flowered, 5-12 

 cm. long, prominently whitish pubescent, the lower bracts 

 rather leaflike, longer than the flowers, pinnately lobed, the 

 lobes incised, the upper bracts slightly shorter than the calyx, 

 palmately lobed, cuneate at base; calyx 7-8 mm. long, erect, 

 deltoid, toothed; corolla pale yellow, about 2.5 cm. long, the 

 helmet shallowly bilobed, minutely toothed, the lower lip much 

 shorter than the helmet, spreading, 3-lobed; capsules cuspidate, 



obhquely spreading, 1-1.2 cm. long; seeds reticulate. July. 



Rocky slopes near the sea; Hokkaido. s. Kuriles, Sakhalin, 



and Ochotsk Sea region. 



12. Pedicularis nipponica Makino. P. praeclara Franch. 



Oni-shiogama. Perennial, prominently white-pubescent 



on spikes especially while young; stems 30-60 cm. long, rather 

 stout, simple, with few pairs of opposite leaves on lower part; 

 radical and lower cauline leaves ovate to narrowly so, ab- 

 ruptly acute, narrowed toward the base, long-petiolate, pin- 

 nately parted or cleft, the segments incised or pinnately lobed, 

 acutely serrulate, the upper leaves gradually smaller, becom- 

 ing bracteate; spikes rather loose, 5-25 cm. long, the bracts 

 broadly obovate, 1-1.5 cm. long, doubly toothed; calyx 8-12 

 mm. long, toothed; corolla pale rose, suberect, about 3.5 cm. 

 long, the helmet erect, subobtuse, villous on upper margin, the 

 lower lip ascending, as long as the helmet, shallowly 3-lobed. 



Aug.-Oct. Wet places in mountains; Honshu (Hokuriku 



and n. distr.). 



13. Pedicularis gloriosa Biss. & Moore. P. sceptrum- 

 carolinum forma japonica Miq. Hankai-shiogama. Long- 

 pubescent on lower part of stems and leaves, glabrate in 

 upper part; stems 50-80 cm. long, often sparsely branched; 

 radical and lower cauline leaves opposite, ovate or broadly so, 

 10-30 cm. long, 8-15 cm. wide, acute, long-petiolate, pinnately 

 parted or divided, the segments oblong-ovate, 5 to 8 pairs, 

 acute, pinnately cleft or lobed, incised and mucronate-toothed; 

 spikes few or rarely solitary, 2-5 cm. long, about 10-flowered, 

 glabrous or sparsely long-pubescent, the bracts cordate or 

 cordate-orbicular, short-toothed; calyx 7-8 mm. long, with 

 obscure minute teeth, about 3 mm. long; corolla reddish, 

 about 3 cm. long, obliquely spreading, the helmet obtuse, 

 entire, white-villous on the margin, die lower lip slightly 

 shorter than the helmet, obliquely spreading, shallowly 3- 

 lobed; capsules ovate-orbicular, 12-15 mm. long, abruptly nar- 

 rowed at apex to a reflexed beak. Aug.-Oct. Woods in 



mountains; Honshu (Kanto and e. Tokaido Distr.). 



Var. iwatensis (Ohwi) Ohwi. P. iwatensis Ohwi 



Iwate-shiogama. Stems angled on lower portion; calyx- 

 lobes oblong with few short teeth; bracts ovate-deltoid, usually 

 long-pubescent on upper margin. Honshu (n. distr.). 



14. Pedicularis ochiaiana Makino. P. gloriosa var. 

 ochiaiana (Makino) Masam. Yakushima-shiogama. Per- 

 ennial, long-pubescent at base, glabrous in upper part; stems 

 20-50 cm. long, loosely few-leaved on the lower half; radical 

 leaves long-petiolate, tlie cauline opposite, broadly deltoid- 

 ovate, 7-15 cm. long, 6-12 cm. wide, acute, petiolate, pinnately 

 divided or parted, the segments 5 to 8 pairs, broadly lanceolate, 

 pinnately cleft or lobed, irregularly toothed, the lower seg- 

 ments often petiolulate; upper leaves abruptly smaller; spikes 

 1 or few, 3-5 cm. long, glabrous, about 10-flowered, the lower 

 bracts rather leaflike, shorter than the flowers, the upper 

 bracts slightly shorter to slightly longer than the calyx, broadly 

 deltoid-ovate, 3-lobed or pinnately lobed, broadly cuneate at 

 base, with a short, broad dilated petiole; calyx 6-7 mm. long, 



