Myoporaceae; Phrymaceae; Plantaginaceae 819 



locule; drupe ovoid or subglobose, indehisccnt, 2- to 10-seeded; seeds in one horizontal series around the axis, rarely longi- 

 tudinally arranged, pendulous from die inner angle of the locule. About 25 species, in Australia, the Pacific Islands, Malaysia, 



and sc. Asia. 



1. Myoporum bontioides (Sieb. & Zucc.) A. Gray, one-sided, 2.5-3 cm. long, about 2 cm. across, the pedicels 1-1.5 



Pentacoelium bontioides Sieb. & Zucc; Polycoelium bontioides cm. long and thickened in upper part; calyx 5-parted nearly to 



(Sieb. & Zucc.) A. DC; Polycoelium chinense A. DC. the base, the segments narrowly deltoid-ovate, 4-6 mm. long, 



Hama-jincho. Evergreen shrub, sparingly furfuraceous acuminate; fruit about 1 cm. across, with a long curved style 



while very young, the branches rather stout; leaves rather while young, globose when mature; seeds few in one series 



coriaceous, narrowly oblong or broadly oblanceolate, 5-10 cm. around the axis. Oct.-Nov. Wet places near the sea; Kyu- 



long, 1.5-3 cm. wide, entire, acute with an obtuse tip, acumi- shu (western coast and Tanegashima) . Ryukyus, Formosa, 



nate at base, with a raised midrib beneath, lateral nerves ob- and China, 

 scure, the petioles about 1 cm. long; few in leaf-axils, purple, 



Fam. 184. PHRYMACEAE Hae-doku-so Ka Phryma Family 



Erect perennial; leaves opposite, toothed; spikes elongate, narrow, terminal or on upper part of the branches; flowers small, 

 solitary in the axils of bracts, erect in bud, spreading at anthesis, deflexed in fruit; calyx tubular, 5-toothed, the 3 dorsal teeth be- 

 coming spinose and hooked in fruit, the 2 ventral teeth unchanged; corolla tubular, the limb bilabiate, the upper Up erect, 

 shallowly 2-lobed, the lower one longer, spreading, 3-lobed; stamens 4, didymous; ovary oblique, 1-locular, 1-ovuled; style 

 terminal, shallowly 2-fid; ovules erect, orthotropous, basal; fruit enclosed in the persistent calyx, the pericarp membranous, the 

 testa adnate to the pericarp; endosperm absent. One genus, with a single species. 



1. PHRYMA L. Hae-doku-s6 Zoku 



Characters of the family. 



1. Phryma leptostachya L. var. asiatica Hara. P. lent on the axis; calyx 5-ribbed, lanceolate, about 3 mm. long 



leptostachya sensu auct. Japon., non L.; P. humilis Koidz.; P. in anthesis, 5-6 mm. long in fruit, nearly glabrous, the hooked 



nana Koidz.; P. leptostachya var. humilis (Koidz.) Hara; P. spines about 1.5 mm. long; corolla pale rose or white, 



leptostachya var. nana (Koidz.) Hara Hae-doku-s6. Roots about 5 mm. long. June-Aug. Woods in hills and low 



rather thick; stems obtusely angled, erect, retrorsely puberu- elevations in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyu- 



lent, often branched in upper part; leaves thinly membranous, shu; common and slighdy variable. Forma oblongifolia 



ovate or broadly deltoid-ovate, 7-10 cm. long, 4-7 cm. wide, (Koidz.) Ohwi. P. leptostachya var. oblongifolia (Koidz.) 



short-acuminate or abrupdy acute with an obtuse tip, broadly Honda; P. oblongifolia Koidz. Nagaba-hae-doku-s6. 



cuneate to truncate at base, more or less pilose on both sides Leaves ovate-oblong, mosdy on the upper part of stems. 



especially on nerves, toothed, petiolate; spikes 10-20 cm. long. Often occurs with var. asiatica. Korea, China, Himalayas, 



loosely flowered, peduncled, often branched at base, puberu- and e. Siberia. The typical phase occurs in N. America. 



Fam. 185. PLANTAGINACEAE Oba-ko Ka Plantain Family 



Herbs with radical, alternate or opposite simple leaves often dilated on the petiole; flowers bisexual, actinomorphic, in spikes; 

 calyx herbaceous, 4-parted or -divided, sometimes the outer 2 more or less connate; corolla gamopetalous, scarious, 3- or 4-lobed, 

 the lobes imbricate in bud; stamens 1 to 4, inserted on the tube and alternate with the lobes or inserted at the base of the ovary; 

 anthers 2-locular, longitudinally split; ovary superior, 1- to 4-locular; style simple; ovules 1 or more, basal or attached to the 

 a.xis; fruit a circumscissile capsule or bony nut; seeds peltately attached, the embryo straight, rarely curved, in the center of the 

 fleshy endosperm. Three genera, with about 300 species. Cosmopolitan. 



1. PLANTAGO L. Oba-ko Zoku 



Annuals or perennials with radical leaves; flowers bisexual, rarely polygamous or unisexual, small; stamens long-exserted, 

 usually on much-elongate capillary filaments; ovary 2-locular or falsely 4-locular, each locule with 1 to many ovules; capsules 

 membranous, usually circimiscissile; seeds peltately attached on the ventral face, angled or planoconvex, sometimes grooved on 

 the ventral face. About 200 species, of wide distribution. 



lA. Flowers bisexual; perennials; corolla-lobes spreading, not closing the top of the capsule. 



2A. Seeds flat on the ventral face; spikes densely to loosely flowered, elongate; leaves oblong to ovate-orbicular, spreading to ascending. 

 3A. Seeds 4-12; spikes densely more th.in 20-flo\vcrecl. 



4A. Seeds glabrous or rarely soft-pubescent; leaves usually ovate, long-pctiolatc. 



5A. Seeds 4-6(-10), 1.5-1.8 mm. long, black-brown; valves conic-subglobosc or conic-ovoid I. P. asiatica 



5B. Seeds 8—12, 0.8-1.2 mm. long, dark brown; valves subglobose 2. P. major var. japonica 



4B. Seeds usually long-pubcsccnt; leaves oblong, short-petiolatc 3. P. camtschatica 



33. Seed solitar>'; spikes loosely 10- to 20-flowered 4. P. haif^iisancnsis 



2B. Seeds 2, grooved on tlie ventral face, very convex on back; spikes very densely many-flowered, narrowly ovate to short-cylindric; 



leaves lanceolate, erect 5. p. lanceolata 



IB. Flowers dioecious or polygamous; annual or biennial; corolla-lobes erect, enclosing upper part of the capsule 6. P. virginica 



