844 



Valerianaceae 



1. PATRINIA Juss. Omina-eshi Zoku 



Erect perennial herbs; leaves once or twice pinnately lobed, sometimes incised; cymes much branched, paniclelike, the bracts 

 narrow, free, sometimes with a large bracteole appressed to the fruit; flowers usually yellow, sometimes white; calyx-limb small, 

 obtusely toothed, coronate; coroHa-tube short, the limb rather regularly 5-lobed; stamens 4; style entire; sterile locules of the 

 achenes often winglike. About 15 species, in e. and centr. Asia. 



lA. Corolla gibbous or spurred. 



2A. Leaves palmately lobed to cleft 1. P. triloba 



2B. Leaves pinnately incised 2. P. gibbosa 



IB. Corolla not gibbous or spurred. 



3A. Stems 7-15 cm. long, naked or with 1 or 2 pairs of leaves; radical leaves many 3. P. sibirica 



3B. Stems 50-100 cm. long, with more than 2 pairs of cauline leaves. 



4A. Achenes winged; flowers white; leaves coarsely pilose 4. P. villosa 



4B. Achenes wingless; flowers yellow; leaves nearly glabrous or sparingly puberulent 5. P. scabiosaejoUa 



1. Patrinia triloba Miq. var. triloba. P. palmata var. on upper part; inflorescence rather many-flowered, the 

 gibbosa Makino; P. gibbiferum Nakai; P. triloba var. gibbosa branches with prominent tuberclelike white hairs on one side; 



(Makino) Matsum. Ko-kinrei-ka, Hakusan-omina-eshi. calyx-teeth broadly ovate, slightly accrescent, rather small; 



Spur shorter than in var. palmata, saccate. ^Mountains; corolla yellow, about 4 mm. across; achenes elliptic, about 4 



Honshu (Kinki Distr. and eastw.). mm. long, the wing orbicular, 5-6 mm. across. July-Aug. 



Var. palmata (Maxim.) Hara. P. palmata Maxim. Alpine; Hokkaido. Kuriles, Sakhalin, and e. Siberia. 



KiNKEi-KA. Stoloniferous; rhizomes short-creeping; stems 4. Patrinia villosa (Thunb.) Juss. Valeriana villosa 



erect, nearly simple, 20-60 cm. long, glabrous at base, with 2 Thunb.; Fedia villosa Vahl; P. villosa var. japonica Lev.; P. 



lines of short hairs in upper part; leaves petiolate, 5-angled, villosa var. sinensis hiv.; P. sinensis (Lev.) Koidz. Otoko- 



orbicular, 4-8 cm. long and as wide, cordate, palmately eshi. Rather stout short-rhizomatous perennial; stolons 



(3-)5-lobed to -cleft, the midlobe rhombic-ovate, caudate, ir- well developed; stems sometimes branched, erect, 50-100 cm. 



regularly incised and acutely toothed, nearly glabrous or long, leafy, densely whitish retrorse-pilose, especially on 



coarsely pilose especially on nerves beneath; cymes terminal, lower portion, nearly glabrous in upper portion; leaves sim- 



many-flowered; corolla 7-8 mm. across, spurred at base, the pie and ovate to pinnately divided, 3-15 cm. long, toothed, 



spur 2.5-3 mm. long; stamens as long as die spreading corolla- more or less coarsely white-pilose, petiolate or sessile in the 



lobes; achenes oblong, glabrous, about 4 mm. long, flat, with upper ones; inflorescence many-flowered, branched, the 



a thick broad band on the back, the wing twice as broad as branches with 2 pilose lines of spreading or slighdy deflexed 



the fruit. July-Aug. Mountains; Honshu (centr. distr. white hairs; corolla white, about 4 mm. across, spurless; 



and westw.) , Kyushu. achenes obovate, 2-3 mm. long, rounded on back, thick, the 



Var. kozushimensis Honda. P. \ozushimensis (Honda) wing orbicular-cordate, 5-6 mm. across. Aug.-Oct. 



Honda Shima-kinrei-ka. Leaves thicker, nearly gla- Sunny hills and low elevations in the mountains; Hokkaido, 



brous; calyx-teeth more prominent. ^Maritime; Honshu Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. Ryukyus, Korea, 



(Izulsls.). Manchuria, and China. 



Var. takeuchiana (Makino) Ohwi. P. ta\euchiana Ma- Patrinia X hybrida Makino. Otoko-omina-eshi. Hy- 



kino O-KiNREi-KA. Plant larger; leaves to 15 cm. long; brid of P. scabiosaejoUa X P. villosa. Reported to occur in 



corolla with a short-cyhndric spur; stamens exserted. Honshu and Kyushu. 



Honshu (Mount Aobayama in Tango). 5. Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch. P. serratulaefolia 



2. Patrinia gibbosa Maxim. Maruba-kinrei-ka. Rhi- Fisch.; P. hispida Bunge; P. parviflora Sieb. & Zucc. 



zomes short-creeping; stems rather stout, erect, 50-70 cm. long, Omina-eshi. Rhizomes rather thick, creeping; stems erect, 

 loosely short-pubescent or nearly glabrous; leaves broadly 60-100 cm. long, rather stout, glabrescent in upper part, more 

 ovate or ovate-elliptic, 7-15 cm. long, acuminate to acute, or less coarsely hairy at base; leaves mosdy cauline, subsessile or 

 rounded to broadly cuneate at base, pinnately incised and short-petiolate, pinnately divided, the lowest divisions smaller 

 coarsely toothed, the petioles winged on upper part, the upper and stipulelike or auriculate, the upper divisions broadly lance- 

 leaves subsessile, usually short-pilose on nerves beneadi; cymes olate, coarsely toothed, nearly glabrous or sparingly puberulent 

 many-flowered, short-pubescent; corolla yellow, 4-5 mm. on both sides, sparingly scabrous on margin; inflorescence 

 across, spurred at base; stamens exserted; achenes oblong, flat, rather flat-topped, many-flowered, the branches with short 



broadly winged. July-Aug. Mountains; Hokkaido, Hon- white tuberclelike hairs on one side; corolla yellow, 3-4 mm. 



shu (n. distr. and Sado Isl.) . across, the tube nearly as long as the lobes, loosely long-hairy 



3. Patrinia sibirica (L.) Juss. Valeriana sibirica L. inside, ampliate; achenes wingless, oblong, 3-4 mm. long, 



Takane-omina-eshi, Chishima-kinrei-ka. Rhizomes stout, more or less flat, 1-nerved on the ventral side, the dorsal side 



elongate; stems 7-15 cm. long, naked or with 1 or 2 pairs of with a swollen appendage at base. Aug.-Oct. Sunny grassy 



leaves; radical leaves many, rosulate, elliptic or obovate, 2-4 places in hills and mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, 



cm. long, 1-2 cm. wide, obtusely toothed, incised or usually Kyushu; common. Kuriles, Sakhalin, Ryukyus, Formosa, 



pinnately cleft, glabrous or scattered pilose, the petioles winged Korea, China, Manchuria, and e. Siberia. 



2. VALERIANA L. Kanoko-so Zoku 



Glabrous to hairy perennials (in ours) ; leaves entire or toothed, usually pinnate to pinnatifid or rarely bipinnatifid, often de- 

 current; inflorescence determinate, either aggregate-dichasial and thyrsoid or the cymes compound, dense and more or less 



