866 COMPOSITAE 



12. DIASPANANTHUS Miq. Kusa-yatsude Zoku 



Perennial herb; leaves long-petiolate, radical, rosulate, palmately cleft; inflorescence paniculate; heads many, 1-flowered, the 

 florets bisexual, fertile, the involucres narrow, tubular, the bracts many-seriate, imbricate, scarious; corolla equally 5-cleft, actino- 

 morphic, dark purple or white, the lobes reflexed; anthers sagittate, the auricles contiguous, connate, acuminate; style shordy 

 bifid, the branches rounded at apex, papillose on back; achenes narrowly oblong, somewhat flattened, truncate at apex, con- 

 tracted at base, densely hirsute; pappus bristles setose, pinnate, in 1 series. One species, in Japan. 



1. Diaspananthus palmatus Miq. D. uniflorus both sides or only on under surface, the petioles as long as to 



(Schultz-Bip.) Kitam.; Ainsliaea uniflora Schultz-Bip. longer than the blades; heads nodding, pedicelled; involucres 



KusA-YATsuDE. Rhizomes short-creeping, with persistent narrowly tubular, about 11 mm. long, 2 mm. across; bracts 



bases of previous year's stems; stems 40-100 cm. long, with obtuse, the outer ovate, about 0.5 mm. long, the inner linear, 



short brown pubescence on lower part; leaves approximate about 1 mm. wide; corolla dark purple; achenes about 7 mm. 



near base of stems, long-petiolate, spreading, orbicular, 6-14 long, 1.5 mm. wide, densely hirsute. Sept.-Nov. Woods 



cm. long, cordate, palmately cleft, the lobes usually 7, 2- or 3- in mountains; Honshu (Tokaido and s. Kinki Distr.), Shi- 



lobulate, acute, mucronately toothed, loosely pubescent on koku, Kyushu. 



13. AMBROSIA L. Buta-kusa Zoku 



Annuals or perennials; leaves opposite or alternate, usually dissected or compound; heads unisexual, the pistillate heads 1 or 

 few together, below the staminate heads; involucres of staminate heads obconical, the bracts 7-12, connate; pistillate heads 

 1-flowered, ellipsoidal to obovoid, with 4-8 small tubercles at apex; staminate florets 5-20; anthers nearly free; achenes 

 ovoid; pappus absent. More than 20 species, in America and the Mediterranean region. 



1. Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. var. elatior (L.) Des- loosely pubescent above, gray-green and soft-pubescent be- 



court. A. elatior L.; A. artemisiifolia subsp. diversifolia Piper; neath, 3-11 cm. long; staminate heads in racemes, nodding, 



A. diversifolia (Piper) Rydb. Buta-kusa. Erect annual; short-pedicelled; involucral bracts connate, pubescent and 



stems 30-100 cm. long, branched, soft-pubescent; leaves op- glandular; pistillate heads few, 4-5 mm. long in fruit. 



posite or alternate, 2 or 3 times pinnately dissected, green, Aug.-Sept. Widely namralized in our area. N. America. 



14. XANTfflUM L. Ona-momi Zoku 



Large branched annuals; leaves alternate, coarsely dentate, petiolate; heads unisexual, the staminate densely aggregated, termi- 

 nal, globose; involucral bracts spreading, 1-seriate, oblong-lanceolate; receptacle cylindric, scaly; corollas tubular, 5-toothed, the 

 filaments and anthers free, obtuse at base; style clavate at apex; pistillate heads fasciculate in leaf-axils; outer series of involucral 

 bracts oblong-lanceolate, spreading, small, the inner forming an ellipsoidal or ovoid, sharply prickly, 2-beaked utricle enclosing 



2 florets; corollas absent; style-branches filiform, exserted; achenes 2 in each head, oblong, enclosed within the utricle. More 



than 20 species, chiefly in America. 



1. Xanthium strumarium L. X. sibiricum Patr. ex both sides, long-petiolate; utricles sessile, oblong, elliptic, or 



Widder; X. japonicum Widder; X. strumarium var. japonicum ovoid, 10-18 mm. long, 6-12 mm. wide, densely puberulent, 



(Widder) Hara Ona-momi. Short-pubescent; stems 20- 2-beaked, the beak 1.5-2 mm. long, the prickles 1.5-2 mm. 



100 cm. long, rather stout; leaves ovate-deltoid, 5-15 cm. long, long. Aug.-Oct. Waste grounds; Hokkaido, Honshu, 



acute, shallowly cordate to broadly cuneate at base, irregularly Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus, Formosa, China, Korea to 



acute-toothed, often obsoletely 3-lobed, slightly scabrous on Europe; naturalized in N. America. 



15. EUPATORIUM L. Fujibakama Zoku 



Perennials or subshrubs; leaves opposite or verticillate, dentate or variously parted; heads many, small, short-pediceUed, in 

 dense corymbs, homogamous; involucres tubular, the bracts loosely imbricate, few-seriate; receptacle flat, alveolate, glabrous; 

 florets 5-15, tubular; corollas regular, 5-toothed; anthers obtuse, entire at base; style-branches elongate, obmse or flat; achenes 



cylindric, truncate at apex, 5-angled, often glandular or pilose. More than 600 species, mainly in N. and S. America, a few in 



e. Asia and Europe. 



lA. Leaves obtuse to acuminate. 



2A. Leaves sessile, abruptly acute with an obtuse tip, 3-nerved, sometimes deeply 3-lobed 1. E. lindleyanum 



2B. Leaves acute to acuminate. 



3A. Leaves short-petiolate, cuneate at base. 



4A. Leaves usually glandular-dotted beneath; stems slightly scabrous 2.E. chinense 



4B. Leaves not glandular-dotted beneath; stems glabrous except near tip 3. E. fortanei 



3B. Leaves rounded or subtruncate at base 4. E. variabik 



IB. Leaves 3-cleft, the segments incised and pinnately cleft, caudately long-acuminate 5. E. yakiishimense 



