COMPOSITAE 869 



Aster yo\usaianum Kitam. ex Hara; G. pygmaetts (Makino) mm. across; ligulatc corollas 7-9 mm. long; achenes about 2.5 



Kitam. Shinjugiku. Rhizomes long-creeping; stems mm. long. Woods in mountains; Honshu (Kinki and 



about 10 cm. long; leaves ovate, 2-3 cm. long; heads solitary Chugoku Distr.), Shikoku. 

 on long peduncles, smaller; involucres about 3 mm. long, 6-7 



19, KALIMERIS Cass. Yomena Zoku 



Erect perennial herbs; leaves alternate, ovate, elliptic to linear, toothed, sometimes pinnatified; heads subglobose; involucral 

 bracts equal or the outer shorter, few-seriate, herbaceous or with scarious margins; receptacle convex, alveolate; achenes flat, obo- 

 vate or oblong, margined, 0- to 2-ribbed, sometimes pilose; pappus-bristles very short, 0.3-1 mm. long, connate at base in a ring; 

 style of the bisexual florets with a deltoid or lanceolate appendage; anthers entire and obtuse at base. Few species, in c. Asia. 



lA. Involucral bracts 3-scriate, loosely imbricate; style-branches deltoid; leaves ovate or lanceolate. 

 2A. Leaves short-puberulent beneath; heads about 2.5 cm. across; achenes about 2.5 mm. long; pappus bristles about 0.3 mm. long, few. 



1. K. pinnatifida 

 2B. Leaves glabrous beneath; heads about 3-3.5 cm. across; achenes 3-3.5 mm. long; pappus bristles 0.5-1 mm. long, many, reddish. 



2. K. incisa 

 IB. Involucral bracts 2-scriate, equal; style-branches lanceolate; radical leaves cordate, acuminate to acute, long-petiolate. . 3. K. miqtieliana 



1. Kalimeris pinnatifida (Maxim.) Kitam. Aster indi- pilose on margin, glabrous beneath; upper leaves linear-lanceo- 

 ctis \aT. pinnatifida Maxim.; Asteromoea pinnatifida (Maxim.) late, acuminate at both ends; heads 3-3.5 cm. across, on long 

 Koidz.; Aster pinnatifidiis (Maxim.) Makino; Asteromoea pedicels; involucral bracts 3-striate, the outer slightly shorter, 

 indica var. pinnatifida (Maxim.) Matsum.; Aster iinumae lanceolate, acute, the inner oblong, obtuse; ligulate corollas 



Kitam. Yugagiku. Rhizomes creeping; stems 40-150 about 18 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide; achenes 3-3.5 mm. long; 



cm. long, short-pilose; median leaves membranous, oblong to pappus 0.5-1 mm. long, reddish. July-Sept. Meadows and 



ovate-oblong, 7-8 cm. long, 3-4 cm. wide, sessile, pinnaufid, waste grounds in lowlands; Honshu (Chugoku), Shikoku, 



incised-toothed, green, the lobes linear, 3 or 4 pairs, obtuse, Kyushu; common. Korea, Manchuria, n. China, and Si- 



mucronate, short-puberulent on both sides especially toward beria. 



the margin; leaves on branches short, linear-lanceolate; heads Kalimeris yomena Kitam. K. incisa vzt. yomena YAxAm.; 



about 2.5 mm. across, in loose corymbs, long-pedicelled; outer Aster yomena (Kitam.) Honda; A. indicia sensu auct. Japon., 



involucral bracts linear, obtuse, the inner narrowly oblong, non L. Yomena. Leaves dentate, lustrous; pappus about 



green on back, loosely short-puberulent; ligulate corollas 12- 0.5 mm. long. Common in lowlands; Honshu, Shikoku, 



13 mm. long, 2-2.5 mm. wide, bluish or rosy; achenes about Kyushu.— — s. Korea. 



2.5 cm. long; pappus bristles about 0.3 mm. long, few. 3. Kalimeris miqueliana (Hara) Kitam. Biotia japon- 



July-Oct. Hills and low mountains; Honshu. Cv. Horten- ica Miq.; Boltonia japonica (Miq.) Fr. & Sav.; Aster japonicus 



sis. K. pinnatifida forma hortensis (Makino) Ohwi; Aster (Miq.) Fr. & Sav., non Less.; Asteromoea japonica (Miq.) 



indiciis var. pinnatifidus forma hortensis Makino; K. pinnati- Matsum.; Aster miquelianus Hara Oba-yomena. Rhi- 



fida var. hortensis (Makino) Kitam.; Aster iinumae forma zomes creeping; stems 35-90 cm. long, slender, sometimes 



hortensis (Makino) Hara Chosen-giku. With larger loosely pilose; radical leaves cordate, 4-9 cm. long, 3.5-6 cm. 



tubular florets. Cultivated. wide, accuminate to acute, coarsely incised-serrate, more or less 



2. Kalimeris incisa (Fisch.) DC. Aster incisus Fisch.; pilose on both sides, long-petiolate; upper leaves smaller, ovate, 

 Asteromoea incisa (Fisch.) Koidz.; K. polycephda Cass.; shallowly cordate at base, short-petiolate; uppermost leaves 

 Aster pinnatifidus forma robustus Makino; A. macrodon Lev. lanceolate, bractlike; heads 22-25 mm. across, on slender pedi- 



& Van't. Chosen-yomena, 0-yugagiku. Rhizomes long- eels; involucral bracts 2-seriate, equal, herbaceous, lanceolate, 



creeping; stems 1-1.5 m. long, loosely short-pilose in upper ciliolate; ligulate corollas 13-16 mm. long, about 2 mm. wide; 



part, branched in upper half; lower and median cauline leaves style branches lanceolate; achenes 4-^.5 mm. long. Aug.- 



oblong-lanceolate to lanceolate, 8-10 cm. long, about 2.5 cm. Oct. Shikoku, Kyushu. 



wide, acuminate, sessile, loosely incised, lustrous above, short- 



20. HETEROPAPPUS Less. Hamabe-nogiku Zoku 



Biennial erect or decumbent herbs; stems branched; leaves alternate, spathulate-oblong or ovate-oblong, toothed or entire, 

 pilose or glabrous; heads in loose corymbs, ligulate; heads subglobose; involucral bracts herbaceous, 2-seriate, subequal, acu- 

 minate; receptacle slighdy convex, alveolate; ligulate florets pistillate, blue-purple or white, fertile; tubular florets yellow, 

 fertile, the corolla 5-toothed; anthers obtuse, entire at base; style-branches flat, with a deltoid-acute appendage at apex; achenes 

 much flattened, obovate, densely pilose, rounded at apex, acute at base; pappus of the ligulate florets very short and crownlike, 

 of the tubular florets setose, 1-4 mm. long, brownish red, scabrous. e. Asia. 



1. Heteropappus hispidus (Thunb.) Less. Aster hispi- cal leaves oblanceolate, 7-13 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. wide, loosely 



dus Thunb.; H. subserratus Sieb. & Zucc; A. hispidus var. short-pubescent on both sides; cauline leaves oblanceolate to 



mesochaeta Fr. & Sav.; A. hispidus var. hcterochaeta Fr. & linear, 5-7 cm. long, 4-20 mm. wide, obtuse, narrowed at 



Sav.; H. decipiens Maxim. Areno-nogiku. Stems 0.3-1 base, entire or loosely toothed, slightly recurved on margin, 



m. long, densely leafy, coarsely hirsute, branched at tip; radi- ciliolate; upper leaves smaller, linear, 8-15 mm. long, bract- 



