COMPOSITAE 



871 



mm. long, 2 mm. wide; achenes about 2.5 mm. long, hirsute; 

 pappus sordid-white. July. Hokkaido (Kitami Prov.). 



2. Erigeron thunbergii A. Gray. Aster dubitis 

 (Thunb.) Onno ex Kitam.; Inula dubia Thunb.; A. japonicus 

 Less. AzoMAGiKU. Rhizomes short and slender; innova- 

 tion shoots short; flowering scapes tufted or solitary, 10-37 

 cm. long, usually simple, densely pubescent; radical leaves 

 spathulate-oblong, 4.5-8 cm. long, 1-2 cm. wide, sometimes 

 few-toothed, ciliate, nearly glabrous on both surfaces; radical 

 leaves at the base of scapes 1.8-3 cm. long, 5-9 mm. wide, 

 spathulate, rounded at ape.\, entire, densely pubescent; cauline 

 leaves few, loosely arranged, small, 1-3 cm. long, 2-5 mm. 

 wide, densely pubescent; heads solitary, 3-3.5 cm. across; in- 

 volucres about 8 mm. long, densely pubescent; bracts 3- 

 seriate, equal, narrowly lanceolate, about 1 mm. wide, acumi- 

 nate, 3-nen'ed; ligulate corollas 3-seriate, about 15 mm. long, 

 1.5 mm. wide, blue-purple; pappus brownish red, about 5 



mm. long. Apr.-June. Grassy slopes in lowlands and 



mountains; Honshu (n. and centr. distr.). 



Var. glabratus A. Gray. Aster consanguineus Ledeb.; E. 

 dubius var. alpicola Makino; E. alpicola (Makino) Makino; 

 E. dubius var. glabratus (A. Gray) Makino; E. thunbergii 



subsp. glabratus (A. Gray) Hara Miy.'^ma-azumagiku. 



Plant less densely shorter pubescent; pappus sordid white, 2.5- 

 3.5 mm. long. July-Aug. Alpine regions; Hokkaido, Hon- 

 shu (centr. and n. distr.). s. Kuriles, Sakhalin, Korea, 



Manchuria, Kamchatka, and Siberia. 



Var. angustifoUus (Tatew.) Hara. E. glabratus var. an- 

 gustifolius Tatew.; E. tsuneoi Tatew.; Aster tsuneoi (Tatew.) 

 Miyabe & Tatew.; A. dubius var. angustifoUus (Tatew.) Hara 



Apoi-azumagiku. Leaves narrov^'er, the radical 3-4 cm. 



long, 2-4 mm. wide; ligulate corollas often white; pappus 2- 

 2.5 mm. long. Alpine slopes; Hokkaido (Mount Apoi). 



Var. heterotrichus (Hara) Hara. E. heterotrichus Hara; 



Aster heterotrichus (Hara) Hara e.\ Kitam., in syn. Joshu- 



AZUKiAGiKU. Leaves of the sterile rosettes linear-spathulate, 

 glabrous; cauline leaves 4 or 5, broadly linear, narrower; ligu- 

 late corollas 10-13 mm. long; style-branches slender; pappus 



sordid white, about 3.5 mm. long. Alpine slopes; Honshu 



(Mount Tanigawa and Mount Shibutsu in Kotsuke). 



3. Erigeron acris L. E. k.amtschaticus var. hirsutus F. 

 Schmidt; E. acris var. hirsutus (F. Schmidt) Miyabe & Miyake 



Ezo-MUKASHi-voMoci. Perennial, sometimes biennial; 



rhizomes short; stems 15-55 cm. long, hirsute, often branched 

 at top; radical leaves spathulate, long winged-petiolate; lower 

 cauline leaves oblanceolate, 3.5-6.5 cm. long, 6-12 mm. wide, 

 obtuse, mucronate, entire or mucronate-toothed, short-hirsute 

 on both sides, winged-peciolate; median leaves linear-oblong, 

 i-6 cm. long, 4-16 mm. wide, usually entire, sessile; upper 

 leaves linear, gradually smaller; heads long-pedunculate, about 

 17 mm. across, in racemes or loose corymbs; involucres tubular- 

 campanulate, 6-9 mm. long; bracts linear-lanceolate, acumi- 

 nate, hirsute; ligulate corollas rose-purple, 7-7.5 mm. long, 

 about 0.2 mm. wide; achenes 2-2.5 mm. long, pilose; pappus 

 4-6 mm. long, whitish or reddish. Aug. High moun- 

 tains; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. distr.). Manchuria, China, 



Kuriles, Sakhalin, Korea, Siberia to Europe, and N. America. 



Var. kamtschaticus (DC.) Herd. E. kamtschaticus DC; 



E. acris var. drobachensis sensu Kitam., non Blytt Mu- 



KAsHi-YOMOGi, Yanagi-yomogi. Stems purplish, much 



branched at top; lower and median leaves 5-12 cm. long, 5-13 



mm. wide; heads many, in panicles or corymbs; involucral 



bracts puberulent. Mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. 



distr.). Kamchatka, Sakhalin, and Kuriles. 



Var. linearifolius (Koidz.) Kitam. E. kamtschaticus var. 



linearijolius Koidz.; E. kpidzumii Honda. Hosoba-mu- 



kashi-yomogi. Stems purplish red, sometimes slightly 



pubescent at base; median leaves many, Hnear, 3-6 cm. long, 

 about 2.5 mm. wide, usually acute, entire, glabrous or cilio- 

 late; heads many; involucres about 5 mm. long, the bracts 

 puberulent. Honshu (n. and centr. distr. and Mount Dai- 

 sen in Hoki Prov.), Shikoku. 



Var. amplifolius Kitam. Hiro-ha-mukashi-yomogi. 

 Stems short-hirsute; leaves larger, broadly oblanceolate in the 

 lower ones; median leaves many, oblong-lanceolate, 6-10 cm. 

 long, 17-27 mm. wide, usually nearly entire, short-hirsute on 

 both sides; involucres about 6.5 inm. long, the bracts puberu- 

 lent. Hokkaido (Ishikari Prov.), Honshu (Mount Azu- 



ma in Uzen Prov.). 



4. Erigeron philadelphicus L. Haru-jion. Erect 

 pubescent biennial, 30-60 cm. high; radical leaves spathulate 

 or oblong, about 8 cm. long, 2 cm. wide; median cauline 

 leaves oblong to broadly oblanceolate, 5-6 cm. long, 1.5-2 cm. 

 wide, clasping or narrowed and rounded at base; heads in 

 dense corymbs, nodding before anthesis, erect in fruit, about 2 

 cm. across; involucres pubescent; ligulate florets many; corollas 



narrow, linear, pinkish. May-June. Naturalized in our 



area; common. Introduced from N. America. 



5. Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. Aster annuus L.; Sten- 



actis annua (L.) Cass. Hime-joon. Annual, stems 30- 



100 cm. long, coarsely hirsute, much branched at top; leaves 

 membranous, coarsely acute-toothed, the lower cauline ovate to 

 ovate-lanceolate, 4-15 cm. long, 1.5-3 cm. wide, pilose on both 

 surfaces, narrowed to a winged petiole; upper leaves nar- 

 rowly ovate to lanceolate, acute at both ends, acute-toothed, 

 coarsely pilose on margin and on midrib beneath; heads erect, 

 in corymbs, about 2 cm. across; involucres long-pilose; ligulate 

 corollas white or purplish rose, linear, 7-8 mm. long, about 1 

 mm. wide, as long as to slightly longer than die involucre. 

 July-Oct. Waste grounds and cultivated fields in low- 

 lands; very common. Introduced from N. America. 



Forma discoides Mar.-Vict. & Rouss. Bozu-hime-joon. 



Heads without ligulate florets. Rare. 



6. Erigeron bonariensis L. E. linijolius Willd. 



Arechi-nogiku. Gray-green annual, 30-50 cm. high, puber- 

 ulent and sparingly long-pilose; lower leaves oblanceolate, 

 sometimes coarsely toothed; median and upper leaves linear; 

 heads in racemes or racemose panicles; involucres gray-hirsute, 

 about 5 mm. long; ligulate florets many, the corollas very short, 



white, shorter than the pappus. .A pantropic weed rather 



rare in our area. 



7. Erigeron sumatrensis Retz. E. flahaultianus (Sen- 



nen) Thell.; E. musashiensis Makino 0-arechi-nogiku. 



Gray-green annual, coarsely long-hirsute and short-pilose; 

 radical leaves oblanceolate, 6-10 cm. long, 1.5-3 cm. wide, 

 coarsely toothed; cauline leaves narrowly oblanceolate, gradu- 

 ally acute; upper leaves gradually smaller, narrow, entire; in- 

 florescence many-headed; involucres about 4 mm. long, pilose; 



ligulate corollas very short, inconspicuous. Aug.-Oct. 



Waste grounds and roadsides; very common in lowlands. 



Pantropic. 



8. Erigeron canadensis L. Hime-mukashi-yomogi. 



