COMPOSITAE 



875 



long, 1.5-3 cm. wide, acuminate, abruptly narrowed at base, 

 semiclasping; heads about 2 cm. across; ligulate corollas about 



12 mm. long, whitish, sometimes slightly bluish. Aug.- 



Oct. Woods in mountains; Honshu (Tokaido, Kinki Distr. 

 and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



Var. yoshinaganus (Kitam.) Ohwi. A. ageratoides subsp. 



yoshinagantis Kitam.; A. yoshinaganus Kitam. Shikoku- 



KONGiKU. Stems slender, often short-pilose; median leaves 

 linear-lanceolate, 12-13 cm. long, loosely short-hairy or gla- 

 brous; heads about 15 mm. across, on slender peduncles; 

 involucres about 3 mm. long; ligulate corollas purpurascent. 

 Aug.-Oct. Shikoku. 



Var. robustus (Koidz.) Makino & Nemoto. A. trinervius 

 \ar. robustus Koidz.; A. ageratoides subsp. megalocephalus 



Kitam. O-yamashirogiku, Obana-shiro-yome-na. Stems 



stout, nearly glabrous; median leaves oblong, 12-15 cm. long, 

 3-6 cm. wide, aciuninate, mucronate, gradually narrowed at 

 base, 3-nerved, loosely mucronate-toothed; involucres 7-8 nun. 

 long, the bracts green, broadly linear, obtuse; ligulate corollas 



about 13 mm. long, white. Oct.-Nov. Honshu (n. Kanto 



Distr.). 



Var. harae (Makino) Kitam. A. trinervius var. harae 



Makino; A. leiophylltis var. purpurascens Honda Sagami- 



GiKU. Stems about 70 cm. long, purpurascent; leaves linear- 

 lanceolate or lanceolate, long-acuminate, short-pedolate at base, 

 3-nerved; ligulate corollas purpurascent or white; involucral 



bracts purplish brown near tip. Sept.-Oct. Honshu (s. 



Kanto Distr. and Suruga Prov.). Forma leucanthus 



Honda. A. leiophyllus Fr. & Sav.; A. leiophyllus var. oligoce- 



phalus Nakai Yamashirogiku, Shiro-yome-na. Stems 



about 1 m. long; leaves oblong-lanceolate, abruptly contracted 

 and narrowed to the base, coarsely acute-toothed, green, 

 lustrous, slighriy scabrous above; heads many, small; ligulate 



corollas white; st)'le-branches slender, oblong-lanceolate. 



Commonest phase in Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Formosa. 



Forma stenophyllus (Kitam.) Ohwi. A. ageratoides 



var. stenophyllus Kitam. Hosoba-no-shiro-yome-na. 



Leaves linear-lanceolate, about 15 cm. long, 1-1.3 cm. wide, 



long-acuminate, abruptly narrowed to the base. Honshu 



(s. Kinki and Tokaido Distr.). Forma sawadanus 



(Kitam.) Ohwi. A. ageratoides var. sawadanus Kitam. 



KiNTOKi-sHiRO-YOME-NA. Stcms short, densely pubescent; 



leaves pubescent; heads few; involucres small; ligulate corollas 



white; achenes densely hirsute. Honshu (Sagami and Kai 



Prov.). Forma ovalifolius (Kitam.) Ohwi. A. agera- 

 toides var. ovalifolius Kitam. Tam-\ba-shiro-yome-na. 



Cauline leaves ovate, 10-12 cm. long, 4.5-6 cm. wide, acute, 

 roundcd-cuneate at base, coarsely incised-toothed, sessile; 

 heads dense; ray-flowers white; style-branches deltoid, acute. 



Honshu (centr. and n. distr.). Forma tenuifolius 



(Kitam.) Ohwi. //. ageratoides var. tenuifolius Kitam. 



Nacaba-no-shiro-yome-na. Leaves very thin, linear-lanceo- 

 late, 15-20 cm. long, 1.5-3 cm. wide, long-acuminate, sparsely 

 incised-dentate; flowers white. Honshu and Shikoku. 



Var. ovatus (Fr. & Sav.) Nakai. //. trinervius var. ovata 

 Fr. & Sav.; A. trinervius var. congesta Fr. & Sav.; A. agera- 

 toides var. adustus sensu auct. Japon., non Maxim.; A. agera- 

 toides subsp. ovatus (Fr. & Sav.) Kitam. No-kongiku. 



Rhizomes creeping; stems 50-100 cm. long, stout, often much 

 branched, the branches densely setulose; cauline leaves oblong 

 or ovate, 6-12 cm. long, 3-5 cm. wide, acute to obtuse, cuneate 

 to rounded at base, setulose on both sides, the upper leaves 



oblong to lanceolate; heads blue-purple or purple, about 2.5 

 cm. across; involucres herbaceous; bracts 3-seriate, 4.5-5 mm. 

 long, greenish, broadened at tip and purplish, 1-nerved, short- 

 pilose; achenes 1.5-3 mm. long, hirsute, the pappus 4-6 mm. 



long, whitish to reddish. Aug.-Oct. Mountains and hills; 



Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; very common. Forma humilis 



(Nakai) Ohwi. A. ageratoides var. humilis Nakai 



KoMACHiGiKU. Stems much branched, 15-20 cm. long; 

 leaves thicker, about 4.5 cm. long, obtuse, cuneate-acuminate 

 at base, sessile; heads many in pyramidal corymbs, the pedun- 

 cles stouter. Forma vernalis (Honda) Ohwi. A. agera- 

 toides var. vernalis Honda Haru-no-kongiku. Stems 



short; leaves acute at both ends; spring flowering. Honshu 



(Suruga Prov. and Izu Isl.). Forma littoricola (Kitam.) 



Ohwi. A. ageratoides var. littoricola Kitam. Ham.\-kon- 



GiKu. Leaves broader, obtuse. ^Near seashores. Forma 



yezoensis (Kitam. & Hara) Ohwi. A. ageratoides var. yezo- 



ensis Kitam. & Hara Ezo-no-kongiku. Median leaves 



abruptly narrowed on low er half. Hokkaido. Cv. Hor- 



tensis. A. trinervius forma hortensis Makino Kongiku. 



Heads larger, deep blue-purple. Cultivated. 



Var. angustifolius Kitam. A. ageratoides subsp. angusti- 



foliui (Kitam.) Kitam.; A. mayasanensis Kitam. Hosoba- 



KONGiKu. Stems 50-100 cm. long; median leaves linear- 

 lanceolate, 8-10 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. wide, narrowed at both 

 ends; heads few, 2-2.5 cm. wide, showy; involucres subglo- 

 bose, about 5.5 mm. long; bracts 2-seriate, the outer about 3 

 mm. long, obtuse, green, the inner purplish, the pappus whit- 

 ish. Aug.-Nov. Ravines and valleys; Honshu (Kinki 



Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



Var. ripensis (Makino) Ohwi. A. microcephalus var. 

 ripensis Makino; A. ageratoides subsp. ripensis (Makino) 



Kitam. Tanigawa-kongiku. Stems 20-90 cm. long, 



short-pilose, much branched in upper part; median leaves 

 rather firm, linear-lanceolate, ^6 cm. long, 2-5(-10) mm. 

 wide, 1-nerved, acuminate, gradually narrowed to a sessile 

 base; heads long-pedunculate, blue-purple; ligulate corollas 

 11-13 mm. long. Aug.-Nov. Ravines in mountains; Hon- 

 shu (s. Kinki Distr.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



Var. microcephalus (Miq.) Ohwi. A. ageratoides subsp. 

 microcephalus (Miq.) Kitam.; A. microcephalus (Miq.) Fr. & 

 Sav.; Calimeris microcephala Miq.; A. trinervius var. micro- 

 cephalus (Miq.) Makino Sembongiku, Misugiku. Rhi- 

 zomes short-creeping; stems tufted, slender, erect, 30-40 cm. 

 long, branched in upper part, setulose; median leaves many, 

 approximate, linear, 3.5-6 cm. long, 3.5-5 mm. wide, acumi- 

 nate, narrowed at base, mucronate, toothed, thinly setulose 

 above, 1-nerved, nearly glabrous beneath; involucres subglo- 

 bose, about 3.5 mm. long; bracts 3-seriate, linear, obtuse, 1- 

 nerved, puberulent, green; ligulate corollas about 9 mm. long, 

 about 1.2 mm. wide, pale blue. Oct.-Nov. Ravines; Hon- 

 shu. 



13. Aster kantoensis Kitam. A. altaicus sensu auct. 

 Japon., non Willd.; A. hispidus var. isochaeta Fr. & Sav., excl. 



syn. Kawara-nociku. Stems about 50 cm. long, with 



short rigid hairs, densely leaved, much branched in upper part; 

 radical and lower cauline leaves withering before anthesis, the 

 median ones linear, 6-7 cm. long, 3-5 mm. wide, l(-3)-nervcd, 

 obtuse, long-attenuate, petiolate, entire, short-setulose on 

 margin and on underside, the upper leaves smaller, narrowly 

 linear; heads 3.5-4 cm. across, in panicles, long-pedunculate; 

 involucres 7-16 mm. long; bracts 2-seriate, broadly linear, 



