876 



COMPOSITAE 



equal, acuminate, scarious on margin, short-setulose on back; 

 ligulate corollas about 17 mm. long, 3 mm. wide; pappus 



brownish red. Oct.-Nov. Waste grounds along rivers; 



Honshu (sw. Kanto Distr. and Suruga Prov.). 



14. Aster spathulifolius Maxim. A. jauriei Lev. & 

 Van't.; A. jeddei Lev. & Van't.; A. oharae Nakai; Heteropap- 

 pus oharae (Nakai) Kitam.; Erigeron oharae (Nakai) Batsch; 



E. feddei (Lev. & Van't.) Batsch Daruma-giku. Stems 



slightly woody, about 25 cm. long, branched from base, densely 

 hirsute; lower cauline leaves thick, rosulate while young, 

 withering before anthesis, obovate or orbicular, 3-9 cm. long, 

 1.5-5.5 cm. wide, rounded at apex, cuneate at base, entire or 

 obtusely toothed, densely puberulent on both sides, winged- 

 petiolate or sessile, the upper leaves very short on the pedun- 

 cles, spathulate, 12-16 mm. long, becoming bractlike below 

 the heads; heads 35-40 mm. across, solitary and terminal on 

 long peduncles; involucres subglobose, 8-9 mm. long; bracts 

 3-seriate, linear, equal, acuminate, pilose; ligulate corollas blue- 

 purple, 13-16 mm. long, 2.5-3 mm. wide; achenes oblong, tlie 



pappus whitish. July-Nov. Rocks near seashores; Honshu 



(Chugoku Distr.), Kyushu. Korea. 



15. Aster pseudoasagrayi Makino. Iso-kangiku, Kan- 

 YOME-NA. Perennial; stems radiately much branched, slen- 

 der, many-leaved, incurved-setulose, ascending above; lower 

 leaves withering before anthesis, the median leaves rather 

 thick, spreading, ovate-spathulate, 3-10 cm. long, 5-9 mm. 

 wide, rounded at apex, entire, incurved short-setulose on both 



sides, deep green, more or less lustrous above, petiolate, the 

 uppermost leaves subtending the heads, very small, bractlike; 

 heads many, showy, terminal, 3.5-4 cm. across; involucres sub- 

 globose, about 6 mm. long; bracts 3-seriate, the outer gradually 

 smaller, rounded at apex, the median oblong, obtuse, loosely 

 pilose; ligulate corollas purplish, about 14 mm. long, 2.5-3 



mm. wide; achenes obovate, the pappus reddish purple. 



Nov.-Dec. Rarely cultivated. Presumably indigenous, al- 

 though it has not been found in the wild. 

 16. Aster tripoHum L. A. macrolephus Lev. & Van't.; 



A. tripolium var. integrifolium, Miyabe & Kudo Uragiku, 



Hama-shion. Annual, or sometimes a short-lived perennial, 

 without distinct rhizomes; stems 25-55 cm. long, glabrous, 

 erect, branched in upper part, reddish at base; lower and 

 median leaves slighdy fleshy, linear-lanceolate, 6.5-10 cm. 

 long, 6-12 mm. wide, acuminate, semiclasping, entire or with 

 short mucronate-teeth, glabrous, the upper leaves linear, bract- 

 like; heads loosely or densely corymbose, 16-22 mm. across; 

 involucres tubular, about 7 mm. long and as wide; bracts 3- 

 seriate, membranous, loose, the outer lanceolate, 2.5-3 mm. 

 long, obtuse, loosely ciliolate, the inner narrowly oblong, about 

 2 mm. wide, rounded at apex, purplish; ligulate corollas 12-16 

 mm. long, about 2 mm. wide, purplish; pappus about 5 mm. 



long at anthesis, 14-16 mm. long in fruit. Aug.-Nov. 



Wet places near seashores; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyu- 

 shu. Sakhalin, Korea, n. China, Manchuria, and e. Siberia. 



23. MYRIACTIS Less. Hime-kiku-tabira-ko Zoku 



Simple or branched perennials; leaves alternate, toothed or lyrately pinnate; heads small, solitary, long-pedunculate; receptacle 

 convex, alveolate; involucres subglobose, the bracts membranous, 2-seriate, equal; ligulate florets fertile, 3- to 5-seriate, the 

 corollas white or reddish; tubular florets campanulate, bisexual, many, fertile, yellow, the anthers obtuse and entire at base; 

 style-branches flat, acute, mammillate; achenes oblong, flat, nerved on margin or l-ribbed on the face, narrowed at both ends, 

 crowned by a ring, bearing glands at apex; pappus absent. Few species in mountains of s. Asia and Japan. 



1. Myriactis japonensis Koidz. Solenogyne japonensis 



(Koidz.) Masam. Hime-kiku-tabira-ko. Rhizomes 



slender; stems scapose, 3-12 cm. long, densely white-woolly at 

 base, puberulent above, simple or with 1 or 2 branches at base; 

 radical leaves rosulate, oblanceolate-oblong, 2.5-4 cm. long, 

 7-14 mm. wide, pinnately cleft, the lateral lobes 1 to 4 pairs, 

 spreading, unequal, obtuse, toothed, rather densely pubescent 



on both surfaces, the terminal lobe orbicular, the cauline leaves 

 2 or 3, small, narrow, entire or toothed; heads on long pedun- 

 cles, solitary; involucres about 2.5 mm. long, 5 mm. across, the 

 bracts 2-seriate, equal, oblong, obtuse, puberulent; ligulate 

 corollas about 1 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide; achenes about 2 



mm. long. July-Sept. High mountains; Kyushu (Yaku- 



shima). 



24. RHYNCHOSPERMUM Reinw. Shubun-s6 Zoku 



Erect branched perennial often with spreading branches; leaves lanceolate, loosely toothed; heads very small, in racemes or 

 spikes; involucres campanulate, the bracts unequal, obtuse, with thinly membranous margins; ligulate florets fertile, in 2 series, 

 the corolla rather thick, whitish; disc florets bisexual, fertile, the corolla tubular, 5-cleft; anthers obtuse at base; style-branches 

 flat, deltoid at apex; achenes flat, narrowed to both ends, nerved on margin, nerveless on the face, beaked in those of the 



ligulate florets, beakless in the disc florets; pappus absent or of few slender bristles. One species, in e. Asia, Malaysia, and 



India. 



1. Rhynchospermum verticillatum Reinw. ex Bl. R. 

 formosanum Yamamoto; Leptocoma racemosa Less.; R. verti- 

 cillatum var. subsessilis Oliv. ex Miq. Shubun-so. Rhi- 

 zomes short; stems 50-100 cm. long, mealy-puberulent, usually 

 divaricately branching in upper part; leaves membranous, 

 the lower oblanceolate or oblong-oblanceolate, 7-15 cm. 

 long, 17-32 mm. wide, acute, narrowed to the petiole at base, 

 shallowly undulate-toothed on upper half, with short setulose 

 hairs on both sides, the middle leaves many, densely arranged. 



lanceolate, acuminate at both ends, gradually smaller in the up- 

 per; heads terminal or axillary; involucres broadly campanu- 

 late, about 2.5 mm. long; bracts in 3 series, oblong; ligulate 

 florets in 2 series, the corollas whitish, 1.2 mm. long, 0.5 mm. 

 wide; achenes of ligulate florets beaked, flat, about 4 nun. long, 



those of the disc florets beakless. Aug.-Nov. Woods in 



hills and low mountains; Honshu (Kanto Distr.), Shikoku, 

 Kyushu. s. Korea, Ryukyus, Formosa, Malaysia, and India. 



