COMPOSITAE 877 



25. LAGENOPHORA Cass. Koke-sembongiku Zoku 



Small delicate perennials; stems scapiform; leaves obovate to oblanceolate, pinnately cleft to toothed; heads terminal, small; 

 involucres subglobose, the bracts 2- to 4-seriate, unequal, scarious on margin; receptacles flat; ligulate florets pisdilate, fertile, 

 2- or 3-seriate, the corolla strap-shaped or tubular, white; tubular florets few, bisexual, sterile, the anthers obtuse, entire at base; 

 style-branches flat, acuminate, mammillate; achenes much flattened, nervelike on margin, not ribbed on the face, glabrous, short- 

 beaked; pappus wanting. About 10 species, in Australia, Asia, S. America, and Pacific Islands. 



1. Lagenophora stipitata (Labill.) Druce var. micro- toothed, densely pubescent, the cauline leaves fev/, 1-1.5 mm. 



cephala (Benth.) Domin. L. billardieri var. microcephala long, linear; heads scapose, solitary; involucres about 2.5 mm. 



Benth.; L. crepidioides Koidz.; L. billardieri sensu auct. Japon., long, glabrous; bracts 3- or 4-seriate, the outer lanceolate, about 



non Cass. Koke-sembongiku. Rhizomes slender; scapes 1 mm. long, obtuse, the inner linear, obtuse, purplish; ligulate 



3.5-12 cm. long, simple, slender, puberulent especially toward florets 3-seriate, the corolla about 2.5 mm. long, about 0.5 nun. 



the top; radical leaves rosulate, obovate or broadly spathulate, wide; achenes about 2.5 mm. long, glandular-dotted. July- 



12-30 mm. long, 7-13 mm. wide, rounded at apex, cuneately Oct. Honshu (Aki Prov.), Kyushu. Ryukyus and For- 



narrowed to the petiole, shallowly undulate, mucronate- mosa. The typical phase occurs in the Pacific Islands. 



26. CONYZA L. Izu-haha-ko Zoku 



Herbs usually grayish hairy; leaves alternate, toothed, sometimes pinnately cleft; involucres campanulate, the bracts 3- or 

 4-seriate, scarious, linear-lanceolate, unequal, acuminate; receptacles subglobose, alveolate; ligulate florets pistillate, many-seriate, 

 fertile, the corollas capillary, shorter than the style, lacerate at apex; tubular florets few, bisexual, fertile, the corollas 5-lobed; 

 anthers obtuse, entire at base; style-branches flat, obtuse, mammillate; achenes very small, flat, narrowed toward the ends, with 

 nervelike margins, nerveless on the face, hairy; pappus whitish or reddish, the brisdes nearly equal, 1-seriate, slender, scabrous 

 or short-pilose. About 50 species, widely distributed in the Tropics and subtropics, few in temperate regions. 



1. Conyza japonica (Thunb.) Less. Erigeron japoni- terminal; involucres about 5.5 mm. long, the bracts 3-seriate, 



cum Thunb. Izu-haha-ko, Wata-na, Yama-jiogiku. An- narrow; ligulate florets many, capillary, indistinct; achenes 



nual or biennial, grayish soft-villous; stems 25-55 cm. long, flattened, about 1 mm. long, pale brown; pappus 4.5 mm. long, 



often branched in upper part; lower leaves oblong, 5-13 cm. whitish to brownish red. Apr.-June. Sunny places; Hon- 



long, 1.2-4 cm. wide, rounded at both ends, or cuneately nar- shu (svv. Kanto Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



rowed at base, obtusely toothed, the median leaves clasping, Ryukyus, Formosa, China, India, and Malaysia, 

 the upper ones smaller, lanceolate; heads densely arranged, 



27. DICHROCEPHALA L'Herit. Bukuryo-sai Zoku 



Branched puberulent annuals; leaves alternate, pinnately cleft; heads small, in racemes; involucres depressed-cupuliform, the 

 bracts 1-seriate, ovate, acuminate, scarious; receptacles convex, globose, alveolate; ligulate florets 7- or 8-seriate, fertile, the 

 corollas tubular, white; tubular florets bisexual, fertile, 5-lobed; anthers obtuse, entire at base; style-branches flat, deltoid at apex, 

 acute; achenes broadly oblanceolate, flat, nervelike on margin, with 2 nerves on each face, glandular-dotted; pappus wanting; 

 disc of ovary widi 2 white brisdes in fruit. About 5 species, in s. Asia and Africa. 



1. Dichrocephala bicolor (Roth) Schltdl. Cotula hi- ally smaller, the uppermost narrowly oblong, 1-2 cm. long, 



color Roth; Grangea latijolia Lam.; D. latijolia (Lam.) DC. undivided; heads in racemes, about 2.5 mm. across at anthesis, 



Bukuryo-sai, Bukuryu-sai. Roots narrowly fusiform; 4 mm. long in fruit, long-pedunculate; involucral bracts about 



stems erect, branched, 20-35 cm. long, densely puberulent; 0.8 mm. long, ovate, acuminate; ligulate corollas 0.5 mm. 



lower leaves thin, lyrate, 9-13 cm. long, 4-5 cm. wide, puberu- long, glandular-dotted. Apr.-Nov. Clay soils; Honshu 



lent on both sides, pinnately cleft, the terminal lobes ovate, (Hachijo Isl. in Izu Prov.), Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus, 



obtusely toothed, the lateral lobes 1 or 2 pairs, distant, obo- Formosa, s. China, Malaysia, India, and Africa, 

 vate or oblong, spreading, the median and upper leaves gradu- 



28. PETASITES Hill Fuki Zoku 



Dioecious white-pubescent or white-woolly perennial herbs; rhizomatous; leaves radical, large, cordate or reniform; scapi- 

 form stems with alternate parallel-nerved scalelike leaves; heads sometimes with ligulate flowers, in a raceme or in a thyrse; 

 involucres campanulate, with small scalelike leaves at base, the bracts equal, 1-seriate; receptacle flat; ligulate corollas filiform 

 and truncate or very small; florets of the pistillate heads fertile; tubular florets in the nonfruiting heads with sterile bisexual 

 flowers; pappus snow-white in pistillate florets, the brisdes elongate, slender, many, minutely scabrous, not developed in the 

 bisexual florets. About 20 species, in the N. Hemisphere. 



1. Petasites japonicus (Sieb. & Zucc.) Maxim. Nar- crisped pubescence above and cobwebby tomentum beneath 



dosmia japonica Sieb. & Zucc. Fuki. Scapes 5-45 cm. while young; heads in corymbs; involucres 5-6 mm. long, 



long; radical leaves after andiesis long-petiolate, reniform- slighdy accrescent after anthesis in the fertile ones; achenes 



orbicular, 15-30 cm. wide, short mucronate-toothed, with about 3.5 mm. long, glabrous; pappus about 12 mm. long. 



