COMPOSITAE 



885 



long-petiolate, slightly smaller, the uppermost very small, 

 sometimes bractlike; heads in large panicles, densely crisped- 

 pubcrulent, the pedicels with 3-4 small bractlets; involucres 

 9-11 mm. long, about 4 mm. across, yellow-green, crisped- 

 puberulent, the bracts 5, narrowly oblong, obtuse, longitudi- 

 nally striate; tubular florets 6, the corollas white, changing to 

 brown, 10-11 mm. long; pappus about 8 mm. long, sordid- 

 white. Sept.-Oct. Woods along streams and ravines in 



mountains; Honshu (centr. distr. and westw.). 



13. Cacalia yatabei Matsum. & Koidz. C. palmata 

 Makino, e.xci. syn.; Miricacalia yatabei (Matsum. & Koidz.) 



Nakai Yam.vtaimingasa, Taimingasa-modoki. Plant 



stoloniferous and with long-creeping rhizomes; stems 75-90 

 cm. long, short-branched, with short crisped-pubescence on 

 upper portion; cauline leaves 3, thin, the lower largest, long- 

 petiolate, 17-24 cm. long, 30-35 cm. wide, somewhat cordate. 



green and glabrous above, paler and short crispcd-pubesccnt 

 on nerves beneath, prominently veined on both sides, palm- 

 ately pinnaticleft, the lobes oblong, 9 or 10 pairs, usually 2- or 

 3-lobulate, the lobules acuminate, loosely and irregularly 

 mucronate-denticulnte, the petioles 17-19 cm. long, wingless, 

 short-shcathed at base, the upper leaves gradually smaller, 

 shorter-petioiate; heads many, in terminal racemose panicles; 

 involucres 5-10 mm. long, about 1.5 mm. across, sometimes 

 with bractlets at base, the bracts 5, broadly linear, obtuse; 

 tubular florets 5 or 6, the corollas 8.5-10 mm. long; achenes 



5-6 mm. long; pappus about 9 mm. long, sordid-white. 



Aug.-Oct. Woods in mountains; Honshu, Shikoku. 

 Var. occidentalis F. Maekawa ex Kitam. Miricacalia 



mackawae Nakai ^Nishi-no-yama-taimingasa. Involucral 



bracts 3 or 4; tubular florets 2-4. Woods in mountains; 



Honshu (centr. distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



36. SENECIO L. Kion Zoku 



Perennials, rarely annuals or biennials; leaves revolute in bud, cauline or radical, alternate, entire to pinnately parted, not 

 sheathing at base; heads in corymbs or falsely so, homogamous or heterogamous; involucres tubular, sometimes subglobose, 

 sometimes bracteate at base, the bracts 1-seriate, usually free; receptacle flat or convex; ray flowers pistillate, fertile, the corollas 

 1-seriate (rarely absent), yellow; tubular florets bisexual, fertile; style-branches often divergent, dilated and short-pilose at tip, 

 sometimes rounded and mammillate at apex; anthers obtuse, sagittate or bifid at base; achenes terete, truncate at apex; pappus- 

 bristles scabrous, slender, many. About 1,200 species. Cosmopolitan. 



lA. Annual or biennial, without rhizomes; heads all tubular 1. S. vulgaris 



IB. Perennials with rhizomes; heads ligulate. 



2A. Stems scandent; leaves elongate, incised, hastate or truncate at base 2. S. scandens 



2B. Stems not scandent. 



3A. Involucres with caliculus at base. 



4A. Heads relatively small, many, 1-2.5 cm. across; plants not fleshy. 



5A. Leaves undivided, toothed 3. 5. nemorensis 



5B. Leaves pinnately parted. 



6.\. Leaves petiolate, pinnately cleft, with 1-3 pairs of lobes, the petioles auriculate 4. .S. cannabijolius 



6B. Leaves sessile, pinnately parted, with about 6 pairs of lobes 5. 5. argiinensis 



4B. Heads large, few, about 4 cm. across; plants rather fleshy, of seashores 6. S. pscudoarnica 



3B. Involucres not caliculate at base. 



7A. Heads small, many, about 12 mm. across; leaves pinnately cleft or parted 7. S. nikpensis 



7B. Heads larger, rather few, 2-5 cm. across; leaves undivided. 

 8 A. Ligulate corollas orange-red; involucres dark purplish. 



9A. Peduncles bracteate; ligulate corollas short, less than 10 mm. long 8. S. takedanus 



9B. Peduncles bractlcss; ligulate corollas 17—22 mm. long 9. 5. flammeus 



SB. Ligulate corollas yellow; involucres green. 



lOA. Radical leaves truncate at base, long-petiolate; plant of alpine regions 10. 5. hawakamii 



IDE. Radical leaves narrowed to an indistinct petiole; plant of mountains and lowlands. 



IIA. Achenes hairy; radical leaves 5-10 cm. long; plant of meadows II. 5. integrijolitis var. spathulatus 



I IB. Achenes glabrous; radical leaves 12-25 cm. long; plant of wet places 12. 5. pierotii 



1. Senecio vulgaris L. No-borogiku. Annual or bi- cm. long, 3.5-4.5 cm. wide, acuminate, truncate to hastate at 

 ennial, slightly fleshy, sparingly cobwebby-hairy while young; base, irregularly incised-toothed or subentire, often lobed in 

 stems branched, 10-40 cm. long, somewhat purplish; leaves the lower ones, pubescent on both sides, the petioles 1-2 cm. 

 3-5 cm. long, 1-2.5 cm. wide, pinnately cleft to deeply undu- long; inflorescence paniculately corymbose, terminal, the 

 late-sinuate, irregularly toothed, narrowed below and semi- branches much spreading, densely pubescent; heads 13-14 mm. 

 clasping at base, the lower ones petiolate; heads many to few; across, the pedicels 5-10 mm. long; involucres 5-6 mm. long, 

 involucres cylindric, 6-8 mm. long, the caliculus very small, about 5 mm. across, tubular, the bracts 8, lanceolate, acute; 

 the bracdets lanceolate, 2-3 mm. long, blackish at the tip, tlie ligulate corollas yellow, about 9 mm. long, about 2 mm. across; 

 bracts linear, acute, blackish at tip; ligulate corollas absent; achenes about 3 mm. long, short-pilose, the pappus 5-6 mm. 



tubular corollas yellow; achenes terete, appressed-pilosulous. long, snow-white. ^Nov.-Mar. Near seashores; Honshu 



Mar.-Oct. Sometimes flowering the whole year. ^Euro- (Kii Prov.), Shikoku. ^Formosa, China, Philippines, and 



pean weed, widely naturalized in our area. India. 



2. Senecio scandens Hamilt. ex D. Don. S. hibernus 3. Senecio nemorensis L. S. juchsii Gmc\.\ S. nemoren- 



Makino Taikin-ciku, Miyuki-ciku. Stems elongate, sis var. juchsii (Gmel.) Koch; S. nemorensis var. subinteger 



branched, scandent, 2-5 m. long, densely pubescent while Hara; S. ovatus var. japoniciis Nakai Kion, Hico-omina- 



young, glabrous; cauline leaves elongate -deltoid, usually 7-10 eshi. Rhizomes short; stems 50-100 cm. long, leafy, 



