COMPOSITAE 



acutely toothed, pubescent while young, often whitish and at 

 first silky beneath, the median leaves slightly smaller, short- 

 petiolate; heads many, 8-10 mm. across, in panicles, the pedi- 

 cels puberulent, with small bractlets; involucre (7-) 9-10 mm. 



38. ACHILLEA L. 



long, the bracts 5, glabrous; achenes 4.5-6 mm. long; pappus 



sordid-white, minutely scabrous. July-Oct. Woods in low 



mountains; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Korea. 



NoKOGiRi-s6 ZoKU 



Perennial herbs; leaves alternate, oblong-linear, toothed to twice pinnate, sometimes woolly; heads relatively small, usually 

 in dense corymbs, rarely solitary, ligulate; involucres subglobose or globose-campanulate, the bracts 2- or 3-seriate, the outer ones 

 short, thickened on back, scarious on margin, dark brownish; receptacle convex or conical, chaffy; style-branches truncate and 

 penicillate at apex; anthers bifid at base, usually acute; achenes much-flattened, oblong, truncate at apex, glabrous; pappus 

 absent. About 100 species, in Europe, Asia, N. America and N. Africa, especially abundant in the Mediterranean region. 



lA. Leaves serrulate, not clasping, the median limb (undivided portion) 3.5-10 mm. wide; involucral bracts and chaff densely hairy. 



I. A. ptarmica 



IB. Leaves serrate, bipinnately cleft, clasping, the median limb 1-7 mm. wide; involucral bracts less densely pubescent; chaff glabrous or 



only sparingly hairy 2. A. sibirica 



1. Achillea ptarmica L. var. macrocephala (Rupr.) 

 Masam. A. macrocephala Rupr.; A. ptarmica var. speciosa 

 sensu Herd., excl. syn. and sensu auct. Japon.; A. ptarmica 



subsp. macrocephala (Rupr.) Heim. Ezo-nokogiri-s6. 



Stems 10-85 cm. long, densely appressed-pubescent on upper 

 portion; median cauline leaves oblong-linear or linear-lanceo- 

 late, 3-7 cm. long, 4-11 mm. wide, usually obtuse, sessile and 

 semiclasping, regularly toothed, the leaf limb 3.5-10 mm. 

 wide, the teeth small, incurved, acute, serrulate; heads usually 

 many, in corymbs, rarely solitary; involucres semiglobose, 

 about 5 mm. long, 9-11 mm. wide, densely silky-hairy; bracts 

 2-seriate, oblong, obtuse, the outer short; ligulate florets 2- 

 seriate, 12-19, the corollas whitish, 6-7 mm. long, about 4 



mm. wide; achenes about 2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide. July- 



Oct. Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. distr. and northw.). Ku- 



riles, Sakhalin, Kamchatka, and e. Asia. 



Var. yezoensis Kitam. Hosoba-Ezo-nokogiri-s6. Stems 



to 50 cm. long, often with prominent buds in the axils; leaves 

 linear, 5-6.5 cm. long, 3-6 mm. wide, toothed, not clasping; 

 heads slightly smaller; involucres 3-4 mm. long, 7.5-9 mm. 



wide; ligulate florets 6-8. Hokkaido (Kamuikotan in Ishi- 



kari Prov.). 



2. Achillea sibirica Ledeb. A. mongolica Fisch.; A. 

 sibirica var. typica Herd.; A. sibirica subsp. mongolica (Fisch.) 



Heim. ^Nokogiri-so, Hagoromo-so. Stems 50-100 cm. 



long, densely pubescent in upper part; cauline leaves 6-10 cm. 

 long, 7-15 mm. wide, obtuse, sessile, the lobes semiclasping, 

 pectinate, the lobules oblong-lanceolate, acute, acutely toothed, 

 the median leaf limb 1-7 mm. wide, silky-hairy while young; 

 heads many, 7-9 mm. across, in dense corymbs; involucres glo- 

 bose-campanulate, slightly pubescent, 5 mm. long and as wide, 

 the bracts oblong, the outer shorter; ligulate florets 5-7, the 

 corollas 3.5-4.5 mm. long, 2.5-3 mm. wide; achenes about 3 

 mm. long, about 1 mm. wide, glabrous. Very variable. 



Key to the varieties of A. sibirica 



lA. Leaves bipinnately cleft to parted. 



2A. Heads less than 10 mm. across; ligulate corollas 3.5-4.5 mm. long var. sibirica 



2B. Heads 12-14 mm. across; ligulate corollas about 6 mm. long. 



3A. Ligulate florets 8-12 var. camtschatica 



3B. Ligulate florets 6-8 var. angustifolia 



IB. Leaves minutely toothed or incised-toothed. 



4A. Leaves minutely toothed; ligulate florets 9-11 var. pulchra 



4B. Leaves regularly incised-toothed; ligulate florets 5-6 var. brevidens 



Var. sibirica. Nokogiri-so, Hagoromo-so. Heads less than 6-8, the corollas about 6 mm. long, 4-5 mm. wide. Hok- 



10 mm. across; ligulate corollas 3.5-4.5 mm. long. July- kaido, Honshu (centr. and n. distr.). Sakhalin and Kuriles. 



Nov. Hokkaido, Honshu. Sakhalin, s. Korea, Manchuria, Var. pulchra (Koidz.) Ohwi. A. pulchra Koidz.; A. spe- 



China, e. Siberia, Kamchatka, Aleutians, and N. America. ciosa var. pulchra (Koidz.) Nakai; A. sibirica subsp. pulchra 



Forma discoidea Regel. A. ptarmicoides Maxim.; A. sibirica (Koidz.) Kitam. Akabana-nokogiri-s6. Leaves 5-7 cm. 



var. ptarmicoides (Maxim.) Makino Yama-nokogiri-s6. long, 9-13 mm. wide, minutely toothed, the median leaf-limb 



Ligulate corollas 3 mm. long. about 7 mm. wide; involucres loosely hairy; ligulate florets 9- 



Var. camtschatica (Heim.) Ohwi. Ptarmica \amtschatica 11, the corollas pink or white, 5-7 mm. long, 4.5-5 mm. wide. 



Rupr. ex Komar.; A. sibirica subsp. camtschatica Heim. Hokkaido. 



Shumushu-nokogxri-s6. Cauline leaves lanceolate or nar- Var. brevidens (Makino) Ohwi. A. cartilaginea Miq.; 



rowly oblong, 3-9 cm. long, 5-22 mm. wide, pinnate-toothed; A. ptarmicoides forma brevidens Makino; A. sibirica var. 



involucres densely pubescent; ligulate florets 8-12. Hok- ptarmicoides subvar. brevidens Makino; A. sibirica subsp. sub- 



kaido (Teshio and Kitami Prov.). Sakhalin, Kuriles, and cartilaginea Heim. Aso-nokogiri-so. Leaves regularly 



Kamchatka. incised-toothed, the median leaf limb 2-6.5 mm. wide; heads 



Var. angustifolia (Hara) Ohwi. A. sibirica subsp. japonica somewhat smaller; ligulate florets 5-6, the corollas 5-6 mm. 



Heim.; A. pulchra var. angustifolia Hara Horoman-noko- long, 3.5-4 mm. wide, white or pink. Mountains of Kyu- 



giri-s6. Stems elongate and branched; leaves bipinnately shu. 

 parted or cleft; involucres less densely hairy; ligulate florets 



