COMPOSITAE 889 



39. CENTIPEDA Lour. Tokin-s6 Zoku 



Small annuals; stems decumbent, much branched, leafy, leaves alternate, spathulate, toothed; heads small, axillary, pedicelled 

 or sessile; involucres small, the bracts 2-seriate, spreading, equal, oblong, with a narrow membranous margin; pistillate florets 

 marginal, many-seriate, fertile, the corollas tubular, about 0.2 mm. long; bise.xual florets central, fertile, the corollas about 0.5 mm. 

 long, deeply 4-lobed; style-branches in bisexual florets short, obtuse, the anthers obtuse at base, without appendages; achenes 5- 

 angled, hairy, narrowed at base. Few species, in Madagascar, India, e. Asia, Australia, and S. America. 



1. Centipeda minima (L.) A. Br. & Asch. C. orbicti- beneath, sessile; heads depressed-globo.se, green, 3-4 mm. 



laris Lour.; Artemisia minima L.; Myriogyne miniita Less.; C. across, axillary, sessile or subsessile; involucral bracts oblong, 



minuta (Less.) C. B. Clarke Tokin-s6. Green, thinly equal; ligulate florets minute, the corollas green; achenes about 



cobwebby or glabrescent annual; stems slender, 5-20 cm. long, 1.3 mm. long, minutely hirsute, 5-angled. July-Nov. 



many-leaved, decumbent or procumbent, much branched and Waste grounds and roadsides; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, 



often rooting; leaves alike, nearly equal, spathulate, 7-20 mm. Kyushu; common. Ryukyus, Formosa, e. Siberia, Korea, 



long, obtuse, with few teeth toward the tip, glandular-spotted China, India, Malaysia, and Australia. 



40. MATRICARIA L. Shikagiku Zoku 



Annuals or biennials, sometimes strongly scented; leaves alternate, 2 or 3 times pinnate, the ultimate segments linear; heads 

 small or relatively large, pedicelled, solitary, ligulate or eligulate; involucres subglobose, the bracts 4-seriate; receptacle conical; 

 ligulate florets marginal, 1-seriate, fertile, the corollas white; tubular florets many, bisexual, the corollas yellow, 4- or 5-lobed; 

 anthers obtuse at base; style branches truncate and mammillate at apex; achenes oblong, truncate at apex, ribless on back, 3- 



ribbed in front, often with 2 oil-glands, the pappus crovvnlike or absent. About 50 species, in the N. Hemisphere and S. 



Africa. 



1 A. Ligulate florets absent L M. matricarioidcs 



IB. Ligulate florets present 2.M. tetragonosperma 



1. Matricaria matricarioides (Less.) Porter. Arte- 2. Matricaria tetragonosperma (F. Schmidt) Hara & 



misia matricarioide; Less.; Tanacetttm matricarioides Less.; Kitam. Chamaemelitm tetragonospermum F. Schmidt; Tri- 



M. discoidea DC; Santolina suaveolens Pursh; M. suaveolcns pleura spermum inodorum var. ambiguum Reichenb. ex Herd.; 



(Pursh) Buchen., non L. Ko-shikagiku, Orosh.vciku. T. ambiguum Fr. & Sav.; M. ambigua Miyabe Shik.vciku. 



Slightly pubescent or nearly glabrous annual; stems 10-30 cm. Short-pubescent to nearly glabrous annual; stems 15-50 cm. 



long, often much branched; cauline leaves narrowly oblong or long, often branched; leaves subsessile, narrowly oblong, 5.5- 



oblanceolate, 2-5 cm. long, 8-18 mm. wide, bipinnate, the 18 cm. long, 2-5 cm. wide, thrice pinnate, the ultimate seg- 



pinnae many, the ultimate segments linear, acute, about 0.5 ments 0.3-0.6 mm. wide, acute, the upper leaves clasping, 



mm. wide, the basal ones clasping, the upper leaves gradually smaller; heads few, 3.5-4 cm. across; involucres 7-8 mm. long, 



smaller; heads erect on stout pedicels; involucres 3-3.5 mm. the median bracts longest, narrowly oblong; ligulate corollas 



long, 6-9 mm. across; bracts 4-seriate, oblong, the outer as long 15-18 mm. long, 3-4.5 mm. wide; achenes about 3 mm. long, 



as the middle, longer than the innermost, rounded at apex; nearly 4-angled, with a pair of black spots on both sides below 



achenes glabrous, oblong, 1.5 mm. long, 3-ribbed on both sides, the apex. July-Aug. Sandy places near seashores; Hok- 



the pappus very short, cuplike, white. July-Oct. Waste kaido. Sakhalin, Kuriles, Manchuria, and Siberia. 



grounds especially near seashores; Hokkaido. nw. America, 



e. Asia, and Europe. 



41. CHRYSANTHEMUM L. Kiku Zoku 



Perennial or annual herbs, sometimes subshrubs; leaves alternate, pinnately divided or undivided; heads solitary on branchlets 

 or in corymbs; involucres subglobose, the bracts many-seriate, imbricate, appressed, often scarious and brownish on margin; 

 receptacle convex, hemisphaeric, sometimes flat; pistillate florets marginal, fertile, 1- to many-seriate, the corollas ligulate or 

 tubular, 3-lobed; disc flowers fertile, rarely sterile, the corollas 5-lobed; anthers obtuse and entire at base, with an oblong ap- 

 pendage at apex; style-branches truncate at apex; achenes terete or 5- to 10-ribbed, sometimes slightly flattened, glabrous, the 

 pappus scalelike. About 200 species, in the N. Hemisphere, and S. Africa. 



lA. Heads eligulate, in dense corymbs, the achenes not viscid when moistened, with .t very short crownlike pappus; Icavci bipinnate. 



1. C. viilgare 

 IB. Heads ligulate or, if cliguIatc, the achenes without a pappus. 



2.\. Plant shrubby; achenes with a very short crownhkc pappus 2. C. nipponiciim 



2B. Plant herbaceous; achenes without a crownlikc pappus. 

 3A. Achenes not viscid when moistened. 



"lA. Achenes 5-ribbed; ligulate florets fertile; leaves or lobes of leaves not linear. 



5A. Leaves pinnately lobed or cleft, or 3-cleft; achenes with the margins not raised 3. C. yezoense 



5B. Leaves pinnately parted and again pinnately lobed or toothed; achenes witli slightly raised edges at apex 4. C uieyrichii 



4B. Achenes 10-ribbcd; ligulate florets itcrilc; leaves linear or deeply 3- to 5-partcd into linear segments 5. C. lineare 



3B. Achenes viscid when moistened. 



