COMPOSITAE 



891 



6. Chrysanthemum omahim Hcmsl. C. sinense var. 

 satsumcnse Yatabe; C. dccaisneantim var. satsumense (Yatabe) 



Makino Satsuma-ciku. Rhizomes creeping, becoming 



woody; stems 25-50 cm. long, stout, branched, densely silvery- 

 woolly; lower leaves tliick, 4-6 cm. long, 4-5.5 cm. wide, pin- 

 nately lobed, truncate, long-petiolate, the lobes of 2 pairs, 

 undulately toothed, green, with a white upper margin, with 

 dorsifixed dense white-villous hairs beneath, the petioles 1.5-3.5 

 cm. long, the upper leaves gradually smaller; heads many, 4-5 

 cm. across; involucres about 6 mm. long; bracts 3-seriate, the 

 outer linear or narrowly oblong, half as long as the inner, ob- 

 tuse, the inner bracts oblong; ligulate florets 1-seriate, the 

 corollas 18-22 mm. long, 4-5 mm. wide, white or somewhat 

 pinkish; achenes about 1.5 mm. long. Oct.-Dec. Near sea- 

 shores; Kyushu (s. distr.). 



7. Chrj'santhemum shiwogiku Kitam. C. decaisne- 

 anum Matsum., excl. syn.; C. decaisneanum var. discoideum 



Makino; C. ornatum var. discoideum (Makino) Nakai 



Shiogiku. Rhizomes creeping, woody; stems ascending, 

 decumbent at base, 25-35 cm. long, densely silvery-hairy; 

 lower leaves thick, obovate, 4-5 cm. long, 2.5-3 cm. wide, 

 cuneate at base, the pedoles 1-1.5 cm. long, pinnately lobed 

 on upper half, the lobes broad, with 1 or 2 obtuse teeth or 

 endre, green above, densely hairy with dorsifixed silvery hairs; 

 heads in corymbs, on slender peduncles; involucres 5-6 mm. 

 long; bracts 3-seriate, the outer linear or narrowly oblong, 

 often densely hairy, the median and inner elliptic, broadly 

 brownish scarious on margin; ligulate florets pistillate, the 

 corollas often tubular, 3- or 4-lobed, sometimes slighdy ligu- 

 late; achenes about 1.8 mm. long. Nov .-Dec. Near sea- 

 shores; Shikoku. 



Var. kinokuniense Shimotomai & Kitam. Ki-no-kuni- 

 SHioGiKU. Leaves narrower, often subspathulate, smaller, 



short-lobed near the top; involucres narrower. Honshu 



(Kii and Shima Prov.). 



Var. ugoense Hara & Mori. Ugo-shiogiku. Leaves 



broader, rhombic-obovate, 3-4 cm. wide, with deeper lobes; 

 involucres slighdy smaller, the outer bracts broader, ovate to 



ovate-oblong.' Rocky cliffs near seashores; Honshu (Ugo 



Prov.). 



8. Chrysanthemum pacificum Nakai. Pyrethrum mar- 

 ginatum sensu Maxim., non Miq.; C. marginatum Miq. ex 



Matsum., non Korth. Isociku. Rhizomes long-creeping; 



stems arcuate-ascending, 30-40 cm. long, densely leafy at the 

 top, densely silvery-tomentose above; cauline leaves thick, 

 oblanceolate to obovate, 4-8 cm. long, 1.5-2.5 cm. wide, cuneate 

 at the base, short-petiolate, pinnately lobed, green and nearly 

 glabrous on upper side, glandular-dotted, white-margined, 

 densely covered with silvery peltate hairs, the lobes often en- 

 tire, obtuse, rarely 1- or 2-toothed; heads many, in corymbs; 

 involucres depressed-globose, 4-5 mm. long, 5-6 mm. across; 

 bracts 3-seriate, the outer short, ovate, white-hairy, the inner 

 rhombic-elliptic; marginal corollas tubular, rarely ligulate, 

 about 3 mm. long, 3- or 4-lobcd, white or yellow; achenes 



about 1.5 mm. long. Near seashores; Honshu (Kazusa, 



Sagami, Izu, and Suruga Prov. incl. Izu Isls.). 



9. Chiysantliemum rupestre Matsum. & Koidz. C. pal- 

 lasianum var. japonicum (Fr. & Sav.) Matsum.; Pyrethrum 



pallasianum var. japonicum Fr. & Sav. Iwa-inxhin, In- 



CHiN-YOMOGi. Rhizomes short-creeping; stems densely 



tufted, 10-18 cm. long, densely white-hairy, leafy to the top; 

 cauline leaves obovate, sessile, 2-2.5 cm. long, 1-2 cm. wide. 



pinnately parted or 3-parted, the segments usually 2 pairs, nar- 

 rowly linear, obtuse, green, pubescent above while young, 

 silvery-tomentose beneath; heads 3-4 mm. across, few to rather 

 numerous, in terminal corymbs, eligulate; involucres depressed- 

 globose, about 2.5 mm. long; bracts 3-seriate, the outer short, 

 oblong or ovate, the inner oblong, broadly scarious on the 

 margins; ligulate florets few or absent, the corollas small, 



tubular, shorter than the disc florets. Aug.-Sept. Rocky 



cliffs in high mountains; Honshu (centr. and n. distr.); rare. 

 Chrysanthemum X konoanum Makino. Togakushi- 



GiKU. Hybrid of C. makinoi X C. rupestre. Reported to 



occur in Honshu (Mount Togakushi in Shinano Prov.). 



10. Chrysanthemum yoshinaganthum Makino ex 

 Kitam. Nakagawa-nogiku. Rhizomes woody; stems as- 

 cending, decumbent at base, about 60 cm. long, much 

 branched, with dorsifixed hairs; cauline leaves rather coria- 

 ceous, densely arranged, obovate or oblanceolate-cuneate, 5-6 

 cm. long, 1.5-2.5 cm. wide, deeply 3-cleft to -lobed, the lobes 

 oblong, obtuse, obtusely toothed, green, short-pubescent above, 

 3-nerved, with grayish appressed dorsifixed tomentum be- 

 neath, the petioles 5-10 mm. long, the upper leaves smaller; 

 heads 3-4 cm. across, solitary or in loose corymbs, on long rigid 

 peduncles; involucres 9-10 mm. long; bracts 3-seriate, the 

 outer linear, 6-10 mm. long, about 1 mm. wide, gray-pubes- 

 cent, the median and inner 7-8 mm. long, oblong, rounded at 

 apex; ligulate florets 1- or 2-seriate, the corollas whitish or 

 pinkish, 18-20 mm. long, about 4 mm. wide; achenes about 

 1.5 mm. long. Dec. Valleys and ravines; Shikoku. 



11. Chrysanthemum makinoi Matsum. & Nakai. Py- 

 rethrum sinense var. japonicum Maxim.; C. sinense var. jap- 

 onicum (Maxim.) Maxim, ex Matsum.; C. japonicola Ma- 

 kino; C. ma\inoi var. japonicum (Maxim.) Nakai; C. mal^tnoi 



var. laciniatum Nakai; C. makjnoi var. elatum Nakai 



Ryunogiku. Plants stoloniferous, becoming woody: stems 

 ascending, 40-80 cm. long, often branched, the branches gray- 

 tomentose; lower cauline leaves ovate or broadly so, cuneate 

 rarely subtruncate at base, short-periolate, green and short- 

 pubescent on upper side, with grayish dorsifixed tomentum, 

 3-cleft or rarely-lobed, the lobes coarsely toothed, chartaccous; 

 heads solitary, 2.5-5 cm. across, on slender peduncles; involu- 

 cres about 7 mm. long; bracts equal in length, the outer nar- 

 rowly linear, obtuse, gray-tomentose, the inner oblong, brown- 

 ish and scarious on margin; ligulate florets white or pinkish, 

 rarely yellow, the corollas 1-1.5 cm. long, 2-3 mm. wide, rarely 



tubular; achenes about 1.8 mm. long. Oct.-Nov. Sunny 



hills and low mountains; Honshu, Shikoku; common. 



Var. wakasaense (Shimotomai) Kitam. C. wa^asaense 



Shimotomai Wakasa-hamagiku. Stems stouter; leaves 



larger, usually 5-10 cm. long, 2.5-5.5 cm. wide; heads many, 



about 2.5 cm. across, on slender peduncles. Seashores; 



Honshu (Echizen to Tajima Prov.). 



12. Chrysanthemum japonense (Makino) Nakai. C. 

 sinense var. spontaneum Makino; C. sinense var. sinense Ma- 

 kino; C. morijolium var. genuinum forma japonense Makino; 



C. japonense var. dcbile Kitam. Nojigiku, Seto-nojigiku. 



Stoloniferous; stems ascending, stout, decumbent at base, 

 branched above, densely gray-tomentosc; basal leaves with- 

 ering before anthesis; lower cauline leaves broadly ovate, 

 3-5 cm. long, 2.5-4 cm. wide, usually shallowly cordate to 

 truncate at base, the petioles 1.5-3 cm. long, pinnately 

 cleft, the lateral lobes 2(-l)-pairs, elliptic, approximate, 

 rounded at apex, obtusely toothed, the terminal lobes larger. 



