COMPOSITAE 



899 



I A. Branches forked in upper part; leaves chartaceous, irregularly lobulate 1.5. orientalis 



IB. Branches not forked; leaves thinly membranous, usually toothed. 



2A. Stems and leaves uniformly soft-pubescent on both sides; pedicels not glandular; achcncs about 2 mm. long 2. 5. ghbrescens 



23. Stems and lower side of leaves densely white-pubescent; pedicels usually glandular-pilose; achenes 2.5-3.5 mm. long. . 3. 5. pubescens 



1. Siegesbeckia orientalis L. S. orientalis forma an- 



gustifolia Makino; S. humilis Koidz. Tsukushi-me-na- 



MoMi. Annual herb; stems erect, to 20-70 cm. long, the 

 branches ascending-spreading, forked in upper part, densely 

 short-pubescent; median cauline leaves chartaceous, long- 

 pctiolate, ovate-oblong to deltoid-ovate, 5-14 cm. long, 3-12 

 cm. wide, short-acuminate to acute, truncate to cuneate at 

 base, irregularly obtuse-toothed, 3-nerved, irregularly lobulate 

 on lower margin, densely short-pubescent on both surfaces, 

 glandular-dotted beneath, the upper leaves gradually smaller 

 and narrower, short-petiolate, oblong, obtuse; heads many, 

 16-21 mm. wide, the long pedicels somedmes glandular-pilose; 

 involucral bracts 5, spreading, glandular-pilose; ligulate co- 

 rollas 2.2-2.5 mm. long; achenes glabrous. Apr.-Oct. 



Honshu (s. Kanto Distr., Kii Prov. and Chugoku Distr.), Shi- 



koku, Kyushu. Ryukyus, Formosa, China, Malaysia to 



India, Caucasus, Africa, and Australia. 



2. Siegesbeckia glabrescens (Makino) Makino. S. 



orientalis forma glabrescens (Makino) Makino Ko-me-na- 



MOMi. Annual herb; stems erect, 35-100 cm. long, usually 

 branched, short appressed-pilose; median cauline leaves ovate- 

 deltoid, 5-13 cm. long, 3.5-11 cm. wide, short-acuminate, 

 truncate and cuneate at base, 3-nerved, irregularly toothed, 

 glandular-dotted beneath, densely short appressed-pubescent 

 on both surfaces, winged-petiolate, the upper leaves gradually 



smaller, oblong, subsessile, the uppermost linear; heads many, 

 the pedicels 1-3 cm. long, densely short-pubescent; involucral 

 bracts 5, spreading, nearly equal in length, spathulate, puberu- 

 lent and densely glandular-pilose; ligulate corollas 1.5-2.5 mm. 

 long, yellow, 3-toothed; achenes 4-angled, about 2 mm. long, 

 glabrous. Sept.-Oct. Waste grounds and roadsides; Hok- 

 kaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Korea, Manchuria, 



China, Ryukyus, and Formosa. 



3. Siegesbeckia pubescens (Makino) Makino. S. ori- 

 entalis forma pubescens Makino; S. orientalis sensu auct. 



Japon., pro parte, non L. Me-namomi. Annual herb; 



stems 60-120 cm. long, branched, densely spreading white- 

 pubescent, especially in upper part; median cauline leaves 

 ovate to deltoid-ovate, 7.5-19 cm. long, 6.5-18 cm. wide, short- 

 acuminate, truncate to rounded and narrowed at base, irregu- 

 larly toothed, 3-nerved, short appressed-pubescent on both 

 surfaces, the nerves beneath densely white-pubescent, the peti- 

 oles winged, 6-12 cm. long; heads many, in loose terminal 

 corymbs, the pedicels 15-35 mm. long, densely glandular- 

 pilose; involucral bracts 5, linear, 10-12 mm. long, spreading, 

 rounded at apex, glandular-pilose at base; ligulate corollas 

 about 3.5 mm. long, shallowly 2- or 3-lobed; achenes 4-angled, 



2.5-3.5 mm. long, glabrous. Sept.-Oct. Waste grounds; 



Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. Korea, 



Manchuria, and China. 



45. ECLIPTA L. Takasaburo Zoku 



Branched strigose annual herb; leaves opposite, toothed, heads small, terminal on the stems and branches, pedicelled, hetero- 

 gamous; involucres campanulate; receptacle conve-x, the bracts herbaceous, in 2 series, the inner short; outer chaff lanceolate, the 

 inner linear and bristlelike; ligulate florets pistillate, nearly in 2 series, fertile, the corollas white; disc florets bisexual, fertile, 

 the corollas tubular, white, 4-lobed; anthers very shordy bifid at base; style-branches obtuse and mammillate at apex; achenes of 

 ligulate florets 3-angled, of the disc florets compressed, 4-angled, truncate and depressed at apex, with 1 to 3 minute teedi on 

 margin, coarsely hairy, tuberculate on both surfaces. One species, in the warmer parts of the world. 



1. Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. Verbesina prostrata L.; 

 V. alba L.; E. alba (L.) Hassk.; E. thermalis Bunge Taka- 

 saburo. Stems erect or ascending, branched, strigose-pilose, 

 10-60 cm. long; leaves lanceolate, 3-10 cm. long, 5-25 mm. 

 wide, gradually acuminate, narrowed to die base, sessile or 

 very short-petiolate, serrulate, subtrinerved, densely strigose- 

 pilose on both surfaces; heads on pedicels 2-4.5 cm. long; 

 involucres campanulate at anthesis, 5 mm. long, 6-7 mm. 



across, to 11 mm. across in fruit, the bracts 5 or 6, green, 

 oblong, acute; ligulate corollas white, 2.5-3 mm. long, 0.4 

 mm. wide, entire or bifid; achenes about 2.8 mm. long, trigo- 

 nous in the ligulate florets, compressed-tetragonous in the disc 



ones, ribbed on margin. July-Nov. Wet places, especially 



common in paddy fields in lowlands; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyu- 

 shu. Korea, China, Ryukyus, Formosa and in warmer 



regions of the world. 



46. WEDELIA Jacq. Hama-guruma Zoku 



Perennial herbs or subshrubs, scabrous or sometimes strigose; stems creeping or scandcnt, elongate; leaves opposite; heads 

 terminal and in upper axils, peduncled, heterogamous; involucres subglobose, the bracts 1-seriate, green, coarsely strigose; re- 

 ceptacles convex, the scales convex or folded; ligulate florets fertile, the corollas spreading, yellow; tubular florets bisexual, 

 fertile, the corollas tubular, 5-toodied; anthers appendaged at apex, entire at base; styles in bisexual florets acute, hairy on back; 

 achenes of the disc florets oblong-cuneate or obovate, flattened laterally, trigonous in the ligulate ones; pappus crownlike, toothed 

 or ringlike, with 1 or 2 small short deciduous spines at apex. More than 50 species, in all warmer regions. 



lA. Pappus vase- or cup-shaped; peduncles 6-12 cm. long; involucres 8-9 mm. long 1. W. chincnsis 



IB. Pappus crownlike, with 1 or 2 deciduous short bristles; peduncles 1-7 cm. long; involucres 4—6 mm. long. 

 2A. Stems creeping; leaves acute to obtuse, cuneate at base, sparsely toothed. 



3A. Leaves ovate, 3-12 cm. long, tliick-chartaccous; heads usually in 3's; achenes about 3 mm. long 2. W. robiisia 



3B. Leaves oblong, 1.5-4.5 cm. long, thick-coriaceous; heads usually solitary; achenes 3.5-4 mm. long 3. W. prostrata 



2B. Stems scandent; leaves 7-14 cm. long, acuminate, rounded at base, much-toothed 4. W. biflora 



