908 



COMPOSITAE 



lanceolate, 20-25 cm. long, acuminate, abruptly narrowed at 

 base, sessile, slightly clasping, pinnatifid, the lobes about 5 

 pairs, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, coarsely toothed, spinulose, 

 nearly glabrous on both sides; heads solitary, long-pedunculate; 

 involucres campanulate-globose, about 2.7 cm. long, about 4.5 

 cm. wide; bracts 6-seriate, long-acuminate, the outer lanceo- 

 late or ovate-lanceolate, spine-tipped, the median oblong- 

 lanceolate, 3.5-4 mm. wide, strongly reflexed, loosely spinulose 



on margin; corollas purplish, about 21 mm. long. Oct. 



Honshu (Ise Prov.). 



23. Cirsium dipsacolepis (Maxim.) Matsum. Cnicus 

 dipsacolepis Maxim. Mori-azami, Yabu-azami. Rhi- 

 zomes short; roots fusiform, to 2 cm. across, unbranched; 

 stems 50-100 cm. long, pubescent or glabrous; lower cauline 

 leaves long-petiolate, lanceolate-oblong, sometimes broadly 

 ovate or lanceolate, 15-20 cm. long, rarely to 40 cm. long, 

 pinnately cleft to incised, the lobes chartaceous, spreading, 

 coarsely incised, the lobules short spine-tipped, pubescent to 

 glabrous on both sides; heads solitary on the branches, erect at 

 anthesis, sometimes bracteate at base; involucres depressed- 

 globose, 2-3 cm. long, 3-4 cm. wide, cobwebby; bracts 6- to 7- 

 seriate, many-ribbed on back, the outer elongate, spreading, 

 lanceolate, the median longer and broader than the inner, 2-3 

 mm. wide, obliquely spreading at tip, often ciliate; corollas 



purplish or rose-colored, 17-18 mm. long. Sept.-Oct. 



Lowlands; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. 



Var. calcicola (Nakai) Kitam. C. calcicola Nakai 



Akiyoshi-azami. Stems 30-60 cm. long; lower cauline leaves 

 broadly lanceolate, 10-12 cm. long, irregularly incised-serrate, 

 crisped-pubescent on both sides, sometimes cobwebby beneath, 

 sessile; involucres about 17 mm. long, 22-35 mm. wide; bracts 

 5-seriate, the outer short, broadly lanceolate, acuminate, not 



recurved at tip; corollas 18-19 mm. long. Honshu (Nagato 



Prov.). 



24. Cirsium lineare (Thunb.) Schultz-Bip. Carduus 

 linearis Thunb.; Spanioptilon lineare (Thunb.) Less.; Cnicus 



linearis (Thunb.) Benth. Yanagi-azami. Rhizomes 



short; roots fusiform; stems about 1 m. long, glabrous or 

 pubescent, branched and cobwebby on upper portion; median 

 cauline leaves many, linear, 6-20 cm. long, 5-10 mm. wide, 

 gradually attenuate, narrowed at base, decurrent, entire or ir- 

 regularly undulate-incised, sessile or short-petiolate, the lobules 

 spinulose on margin, glabrous above, loosely cobwebby and 

 distinctly 1-nerved beneath, the upper leaves linear, smaller; 

 heads solitary on the branches, erect; involucres globose, cob- 

 webby, about 1.5 cm. long, 2-2.5 cm. wide; bracts 6- to 7-seri- 

 ate, 1-ribbed on back, the outer and median linear, appressed, 

 spine-tipped; corollas purplish, about 17 mm. long. Sept.- 

 Oct. Lowlands; Honshu (Suwo Prov.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



Var. discolor Nakai. Urayuki-yanagi-azami. Leaves 

 whitish cobwebby. 



25. Cirsium confertissimum Nakai. C. confertissimum 



var. saxatile Nakai Ko-ibuki-azami. Stems 50-100 cm. 



long, hairy, densely leafy, much branched above; radical and 

 lower cauline leaves elliptic-oblanceolate or oblong, 25-45 cm. 

 long, acute, short-petiolate, pinnatifid, the lobes 8 or 9 pairs, 

 oblong, approximate, spreading, acute, coarsely incised at base, 

 short spine-tipped, often white-variegated above, loosely pubes- 

 cent to glabrous beneath; cauline leaves very many, 12-18 cm. 

 long, caudate, broadly clasping, the lobes 4 or 5 pairs; heads 

 many, erect; involucres tubular, 1.4-1.5 cm. long, 1.5-2 cm. 

 wide, cobwebby and viscid; bracts 6-seriate, the outer short. 



deltoid, acute, the median oblong, acute to obtuse, scarcely 



spine-tipped; corollas purple, 15-18 mm. long. Sept.-Oct. 



Honshu (Mount Ibuki in Oomi). 



Var. herbicola Nakai. Ibdki-azami. Larger in all re- 

 spects. ^Woods; occurs with the typical phase. 



26. Cirsium aidzuense Nakai. Aizu-hime-azami. 

 Stems 1-1.5 m. long, prominendy hairy; median cauline leaves 

 oblong, 16-20 cm. long, 10-12 cm. wide, acuminate, narrowed 

 at base, short-spined, puberulent above, slightly cobwebby be- 

 neath, the midrib hairy beneath, broadly auriculate-clasping, 

 pinnately parted to divided, the segments 4 or 5 pairs, oblong, 

 acute, coarsely toothed, short spined-tipped, the upper leaves 

 smaller and narrower; inflorescence large; heads erect or 

 ascending, on long slender peduncles; involucres tubular, 1.6- 

 1.7 cm. long, 1.7-2 cm. wide, cobwebby; bracts 8-seriate, the 

 outer short, lanceolate to ovate, about 2 mm. long, the median 

 oblong, acute, recurved or straight; corollas purplish, 15-17 

 mm. long. Aug. — Oct. Honshu (Iwashiro Prov.). 



27. Cirsium bitchuense Nakai. Bitchu-azami. Rhi- 

 zomes stout; stems 1-2 m. long, pubescent; median cauline 

 leaves often falcate, oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, 20-30 

 cm. long, acuminate, narrowed at base, short-pubescent above, 

 cobwebby and pubescent on the nerves beneath, broadly 

 clasping, spinulose, entire to pinnately lobed, the lobes 4 or 5 

 pairs, acuminate, coarsely toothed, the spines 3-4 mm. long; 

 heads small, rather many, loose, on long slender peduncles; 

 involucres tubular, 1.6 cm. long, 1.6-1.9 cm. wide; bracts viscid, 

 9-seriate, the outer very short, linear to ovate, acuminate, 

 short spine-tipped, the median row ovate-lanceolate, acute, 



appressed; corollas purplish, 17-18 mm. long. Sept.-Oct. 



Woods; Honshu (Chugoku Distr.). 



Var. manisanense Kitam. Manisan-azami. Leaves 

 larger, 25-40 cm. long, cobwebby; bracts scarcely or not viscid. 

 Honshu (Tajima and Inaba Prov.). 



28. Cirsium buergeri Miq. Cnicus buergeri (Miq.) 



Maxim. Hime-azami, Hime-yama-azami. Stems 1-2 m. 



long, pubescent; median cauline leaves oblong-lanceolate, 15- 

 25 cm. long, long-acuminate, slightly narrowed at base, some- 

 times white-variegated, glabrous or crisped-pubescent above, 

 pubescent on nerves beneath, clasping, pinnatifid, the lobes 4-6 

 pairs, lanceolate, acuminate, spines stout, 3-4(10) mm. long; 

 heads small, many, in spikelike fascicles, usually erect; involu- 

 cres cobwebby, tubular, 1.6-1.9 cm. long, 2-2.5 cm. wide; 

 bracts 8-seriate, sometimes slightly viscid on back, the outer 

 very short, ovate, acute, the median appressed, narrowly ob- 

 long, acute to obtuse, spine-tipped; corollas purplish, 16-18 



mm. long. Aug.-Nov. Mountains; Honshu (Kinki Distr. 



and westw.), Kyushu. 



Cirsium X connexum Kitam. Kasugai-azami. Hybrid 

 of C. buergeri X C. lucens. 



29. Cirsium heiianum Koidz. Cnicus buergeri var. al- 

 brechtii Maxim.; Cirsium albrechtii (Maxim.) Kudo; C. 

 buergeri var. albrechtii (Maxim.) Nakai; C. ruderale Nakai 



Ezo-yama-azami. Stems 1.5-2 m. long, pubescent while 



young; median cauline leaves oblong or elliptic-lanceolate, 

 acute, narrowed at base, sessile, usually clasping, toothed, spine- 

 tipped, sometimes pinnately lobed, the lobes chartaceous, ovate, 

 acute, glabrous above, puberulent or loosely cobwebby beneath, 

 glabrescent; heads small, many, in spikelike fascicles or in 

 corymbs; involucres campanulate-tubular, 1.3-1.8 cm. long, 

 1.5-2 cm. wide, cobwebby; bracts about 9-seriate, the outer 

 very short, ovate, acute, the median oblong-lanceolate, re- 



