COMPOSITAE 



909 



curved, short spine-tipped; corollas purplish, 16-17 mm. long. 

 Aug.-Scpt. Hokkaido, Honshu (n. distr.). 



30. Cirsium suzukaense Kitam. Suzuka-azami. Stems 

 1-1.5 m. long, densely pubescent or cobwebby; lower cauline 

 leaves elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, about 30 cm. long, caudate, 

 glabrous or short-pubescent on both sides, sessile, sometimes 

 clasping, deeply pinnatifid, the lobes 4 or 5 pairs, acuminate, 

 the spines 5-10 mm. long; heads sessile or short-pedunculate, 

 erect or ascending; involucres tubular, 1.6-1.9 cm. long, 2-2.3 

 cm. wide, cobwebby, viscid; bracts 6-seriate, short-recurved 

 and spine-tipped, the outer small, lanceolate or ovate-lanceo- 

 late, acuminate, die median oblong-lanceolate, acuminate; 



corollas purplish, 14-20 mm. long. Sept.-Oct. Honshu 



(Kinki and Tokaido Distr.). 



31. Cirsium gyojanum Kitam. Gyoja-azami. Stems 

 about 70 cm. long, pubescent; median cauline leaves elliptic- 

 lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, caudate, narrowed at base, 

 sparingly pubescent on both sides, sessile, clasping, deeply-pin- 

 natifid, the lobes 4-7 pairs, lanceolate, acuminate, the spines 3- 

 12 mm. long: heads small, many, nodding in anthesis; involu- 

 cres tubular, 1.4-1.7 cm. long, 1.2-1.8 cm. across, cobwebby, 

 prominendy viscid, the bracts 7-seriate, the outer short, lanceo- 

 late or ovate-lanceolate, acute to obtuse, short spine-tipped, the 

 median appressed, oblong-lanceolate; corollas purplish, 14-16 



mm. long. Aug.-Sept. Mountains; Honshu (Mount Oo- 



mine in Yamato). 



32. Cirsium kagamontanum Nakai. C. kagamon- 

 tanum var. spintdijertim Kitam.; C. buergeri var. sparsum 



Nakai Kaga-no-.\zami. Stems 1.5-2 m. long, glabrous, 



leafy diroughout; lower cauline leaves large, elliptic or elliptic- 

 lanceolate, 30-50 cm. long, acute, narrowed at base, glabrous 

 above, thinly silky beneath, clasping, deeply pinnatifid, the 

 lobes about 5 pairs, oblong-lanceolate, the spines 2-3 mm. long; 

 heads small, pendulous at anthesis, many, on long peduncles, 

 bracdess; involucres campanulate, cobwebby, viscid, about 1.6 

 cm. long, 2.5 cm. wide; bracts 7- or 8-scriate, the outer short, 

 oblong or ovate, obtuse, short spine-tipped, die median nar- 

 rowly oblong, appressed; corollas purplish, 16-17 mm. long. 

 Aug.-Oct. Mountains; Honshu. 



33. Cirsium longepedunculatum Kitam. C. buergeri 



var. gltttinostim Kitam., pro parte. Nagae-no-azami, Ne- 



B.\.Ri-HiME-AZAMi. Stems 50-80 cm. long, subscapose, densely 

 leafy at base, loosely so above, glabrous, the branches cobwebby 

 toward die top; lower cauline leaves thin, large, subrosulate, 

 elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 30-40 cm. long, acuminate, ab- 

 ruptly narrowed at base, glabrous and usually white-variegated 

 above, loosely silky beneath, sessile and clasping or short- 

 petiolate, pinnatifid, the lobes about 4 pairs, again pinnatifid 

 or coarsely incised, the spines 3-4 mm. long; upper leaves 

 few, lanceolate to linear, small; heads small, nodding at anthe- 

 sis, the peduncles slender, very long; involucres campanulate- 

 globose, 1.6-1.8 cm. long, about 2 cm. wide, prominently 

 viscid; bracts 7-seriate, the outer very short, lanceolate or 

 ovate, acute, spine-tipped, the median oblong, appressed; 



corollas purplish, 15-18 mm. long. Aug.-Oct. Mountains; 



Honshu (n. Kinki Distr.). 



34. Cirsium effusum (Maxim.) Matsum. Cnicus cffusus 

 Ma.xim. Hosoe-no-azami. Stems about 1 m. long, gla- 

 brous, densely leafy; branches short-pubescent and loosely cob- 

 webby; median cauline leaves oblong to linear-lanceolate, 20-40 

 cm. long, long-acuminate, narrowed at base, loosely short- 

 pubescent above, short-pubescent on nerves beneath, sessile. 



deeply pinnatifid, the lobes about 8 pairs, ovate, short-acumi- 

 nate, trilobulate nearly to the base, the spines 5-10 mm. long; 

 upper leaves linear; heads in racemes, short-pedunculate; in- 

 volucres narrowly tubular, 1.5-1.8 cm. long, 1.4-2 cm. wide, 

 scarcely cobwebby; bracts 6-seriate, recurved, the outer lanceo- 

 late or ovate, acuminate, long spine-tipped, the median oblong, 

 long-acuminate, often spinulose-margined; corollas purplish, 

 17-18 mm. long. Sept.-Oct. Woods in mountains; Hon- 

 shu (Sagami, Suruga, Kai, and Musashi Prov.). 



35. Cirsium gratiosum Kitam. Hoki-azami. Stems 

 60 cm. or more long, cobwebby; lower cauline leaves oblong, 

 about 30 cm. long, acuminate, cuneate at base, nearly glabrous 

 on both sides, short-petiolate, the lobes 9 pairs, acuminate, 

 coarsely toothed, spines stout; upper leaves gradually smaller, 

 sessile; heads nodding, long-pedunculate, in paniculate cor- 

 ymbs; involucres campanulate, about 1.6 cm. long, 2.2 cm. 

 wide; bracts 7- or 8-seriate, the margins scarious, undulate, 

 shordy recurved, the outer short, ovate, acute, short spine- 

 tipped, the median oblong, acute; corollas purple, 16-17 mm. 

 long. Aug. Honshu (Akaishi Mt. range in Shinano). 



Var. alpinum (Nakai) Kitam. C. effusiim var. alpinum 

 Nakai Miyama-hosoe-no-azami. Involucral bracts elon- 

 gate, short spine-Upped. Honshu (Mount Yatsugatake in 



Shinano Prov.). 



36. Cirsium congestissimum Kitam. Hittsuki-azami. 

 Stems 1-1.5 m. long, cobwebby above; radical leaves ellipdc or 

 elliptic-lanceolate, short-acuminate, narrowed at base, pinnati- 

 fid, the lobes 5 or 6 pairs, oblong, irregularly incised, spines 

 1-2 mm. long, glabrous above, short-pubescent on midrib 

 beneath; median and lower cauline leaves elhptic or ellipdc- 

 lanceolate, 25-40 cm. long, short-acuminate, narrowed at base; 

 upper leaves small, rounded at base, semiclasping; heads con- 

 gested, many, short-pedunculate or sessile; involucres tubular, 

 1.5-1.6 cm. long, 1.7-2 cm. wide, recurved, spine-tipped, the 

 outer bracts lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, the median oblong- 

 lanceolate, elongate; corollas purplish, 16-19 mm. long. 



Sept.-Oct. Slopes in mountains; Honshu (Kinki and Chu- 

 goku Distr.). 



37. Cirsium spicatum (Maxim.) Matsum. Cnicus 



spicatus Maxim. Yama-azami. Stems 1.5-2 m. long, 



stout, glabrous or sometimes pubescent, densely leafy; median 

 cauline leaves chartaceous, elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 25-35 

 cm. long, long-acuminate, cuneate at base, glabrous on both 

 sides or short-pubescent beneadi, sessile, pinnatifid, the lobes 

 4-6 pairs, oblong-lanceolate, long-acuminate, often 3-lobulate 

 nearly to the base, spines 3-10 mm. long; heads many, small, 

 in dense spikes, erect or ascending; involucres tubular, more or 

 less cobwebby, 1.4-1.5 cm. long, 1.5-1.7 cm. wide; bracts 7- 

 seriate, recurved, the outer short, lanceolate or ovate, acumi- 

 nate, stout spine-tipped, the median narrowly oblong, some- 

 times spinulose-margined; corollas purplish, 17-18 mm. long. 

 Mountains; Shikoku, Kyushu. 



38. Cirsium tenue Kitam. Usuba-azami. Stems 1- 

 1.5 m. long, rather slender, glabrous at base; median and lower 

 cauline leaves thin, elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, narrowed at 

 base, sometimes whitish above along the puberulent nerves, 

 loosely cobwebby beneath, sessile or short-petiolate, pinnatifid, 

 the lobes 5-7 pairs, oblong-lanceolate to lanceolate, acuminate, 

 sometimes coarsely incised near base, spines 5-10 mm. long; 

 heads spicate, sometimes short-pedunculate, ascending in anthe- 

 sis; involucres tubular, scarcely cobwebby, prominently viscid, 

 1.6-1.7 cm. long, 1-1.7 cm. wide; br.ncts 7-seriate, the outer 



