COMPOSITAE 



911 



sessile, pinnatifid, the lobes 5 or 6 pairs, ovate or oblong, acute, 

 scarcely spiny, sometimes short-pubescent above, loosely cob- 

 webby beneath; heads small, many, nodding at anthesis, on 

 slender peduncles; involucres tubular, 1.8-2 cm. long, 2.5-3 cm. 

 wide, cobwebby; bracts 8-seriate, appressed, scarcely spine- 

 tipped, sometimes slighdy viscid at tip, the outer oblong or 

 ovate, about 2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, acute, the median ob- 

 long, abrupdy acute; corollas purplish, 19-20 mm. long. 



Nov. Honshu (Chugoku Distr.). 



44. Cirsium hanamakiense Kitam. Hanamaki-azami. 

 Stems 1.5-2 m. long, glabrous at base, short-pubescent on upper 

 part; lower cauline leaves elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, 35-45 

 cm. long, short-acuminate, cuneate at base, short-petiolate, 

 deeply pinnatifid, the lobes 5 or 6 pairs, oblong to ovate, acumi- 

 nate, glabrous on upper side, glabrous to short-silky beneath, 

 the spines 3-7 mm. long; heads small, many, nodding at anthe- 

 sis, on rather long peduncles; involucres campanulate, 1.5-1.7 

 cm. long, 2.-1-2.9 cm. wide, loosely cobwebby; bracts 8-seriate, 

 densely brown-pubescent on margin, the outer very short, 

 lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, the median oblong, acuminate, 

 scarcely spiny, recur\'ed; corollas purplish, 15-16 mm. long. 

 Sept.-Oct. Along ravines and valleys; Honshu (n. distr.). 



45. Cirsium suffultum (Maxim.) Matsum. Cnictis suf- 

 julttis Ma.xim.; C. suffiiltus var. pexus Maxim.; C. pexus 

 (Maxim.) Fr. & Sav.; Cirsium pexum (Maxim.) Nakai; C. 



\iushianum Nakai; C. ogatae Koidz. Tsukushi-azami, 



TsuKusHi-YAMA-AZAMi. Stems about 1 m. long, loosely cob- 

 webby; radical and lower cauline leaves elliptic or elliptic- 

 lanceolate, 30-40 cm. long, short-acuminate, petiolate, pinnati- 

 cleft, the lobes 7 or 8 pairs, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 

 irregularly pinnatilobed, white-variegated, glabrous to loosely 

 pubescent above and below, especially on nerves beneath, the 

 spines 2-5 mm. long; median leaves 25-35 cm. long, with stout 

 spines; heads nodding at anthesis, bracteate at base; involucres 

 campanulate-globose, cobwebby, about 2 cm. long, 2.5-4.5 cm. 

 wide; bracts 6-seriate, the outer lanceolate, acuminate, erect or 

 spreading, the median ovate- to oblong-lanceolate, elongate, 



acuminate; corollas purplish, 22-24 mm. long. Sept.-Nov. 



Shikoku, Kyushu; common. 



46. Cirsium hachijoense Nakai. Hachijo-azami. 

 Stems 0.5-1.5 m. long, cobwebby; lower cauline leaves elliptic- 

 lanceolate, 25-60 cm. long, short-acuminate to acute, petiolate, 

 pinnatifid, the lobes ovate to oblong, 5 or 6 pairs, acute, 

 coarsely inci'^ed-toothed, glabrous on both sides or short-pubes- 

 cent beneath, the spines 2-3 mm. long; heads erect at anthesis, 

 usually bracteate; involucres depressed-globose, 1.8-2 cm. long, 

 3—4 cm. wide, cobwebby; bracts 6-seriate, the outer and median 

 linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, elongate, spreading or slightly 



recurved on upper half; corollas purplish, 16-17 mm. long. 



Honshu (Hachijo and Ooshima in Izu). 



47. Cirsium norikurense Nakai. Norikura-azami. 

 Stems 1-1.5 m. long, short-pubescent; median cauline leaves 

 oblong-lanceolate, 24-28 cm. long, acuminate, abruptly nar- 

 rowed at base, sessile, sometimes clasping, pinnatcly lobed, the 

 lobes 5 or 6 pairs, ovate, acute, glabrous on upper side, densely 

 white-cobwebby beneath, the spines 2-3 mm. long; heads soli- 

 tary on the branches, nodding at anthesis, sometimes bracteate; 

 involucres campanulate-globose, about 1.7 cm. long, 2.5-3.5 cm. 

 wide, cobwebby; bracts 5- or 6-seriate, much-elongate toward 

 the tip, much recurved, the outer linear-lanceolate or ovate- 

 acuminate, scarcely spine-tipped, the median oblong-lanceolate; 

 corollas purplish, about 16 mm. long. Aug.-Sept. Woods 



and grassy places along streams in high mountains; Honshu 

 (centr. distr.). 



Var. integrifoHum Kitam. C. kj'robcnse Honda Yuki- 



azami, Maruba-norikura-.azami. Leaves undivided, spine- 

 toothed only on margin. Honshu (centr. distr.). 



48. Cirsium senjoense Kitam. Senjo-azami. Stems 

 70-100 cm. long, cobwebby and short-pubescent; lower cauline 

 leaves narrowly oblong-lanceolate, 16-30 cm. long, acuminate, 

 sessile, clasping, deeply pinnatifid, the lobes 8 pairs, ovate- 

 acuminate, 3-lobulate, crisped-pubcscent on upper side, pubes- 

 cent and cobwebby beneath, the spines i-7 mm. long; heads 

 1-3 on the branches, nodding at anthesis; involucres globosc- 

 campanulate, 1.5-1.7 cm. long, 1.5-2.5 cm. wide, cobwebby; 

 bracts 5-seriate, usually viscid, scarcely spine-tipped, the outer 

 lanceolate, elongate-acuminate, spreading on upper half; co- 

 rolla purplish, about 16 mm. long. Aug. Mountains; Hon- 

 shu (Akaishi and ShiraneMt. ranges). 



Var. kurosawae Kitam. Kurosawa-azami. Leaves not 



clasping. Occurs with the typical phase. 



49. Cirsium amplexifolium (Nakai) Kitam. C. nip- 

 ponicum var. amplexifolium Nakai; C. nipponicu?n var. pur- 

 pitrettm Koidz.; C. sendaicum Nakai, pro parte; C. tobae Na- 

 kai Dakiba-hime-azami. Stems 1.5-2 m. long, glaucescent, 



glabrous; cauline leaves oblong or elliptic-lanceolate, 18-28 cm. 

 long, acuminate, abruptly narrowed at base, broadly auriculate- 

 clasping, spinulose-toothed or pinnately cleft, the lobes 5-7 

 pairs, oblong, acute to short-acuminate, coarsely toothed at 

 base, scattered short-pubescent to glabrous on both sides, the 

 spines 3-4 mm. long; heads solitary on the branches, long- 

 pedunculate, erect at anthesis, about 3 cm. across, often bracte- 

 ate; involucres campanulate, about 1.6 cm. long, about 2 cm. 

 wide, nearly glabrous; bracts 6-seriate, the outer and median 

 linear-lanceolate, acuminate, scarcely spine-tipped, elongate, re- 

 curved in upper half, very rarely spinulose on margin; corollas 

 purplish, 17-20 mm. long. July-Sept. Honshu (n. distr.). 



Var. muraii (Kitam.) Kitam. C. muraii Kitam. Kinka- 



azami. Leaf-lobes ovate-linear, reflexed, long-acuminate, 



the spines 5-15 mm. long; inflorescence with larger leaves. 



Honshu (Kinkasan in Rikuchu). 



50. Cirsium matsumurae Nakai. C. hokJiokitcnse 



Kitam. Hakusan-azami. Stems about 2 m. long, densely 



leaved, glabrous; lower cauline leaves elliptic or elliptic-lanceo- 

 late, about 30 cm. long, short-acuminate, cuneate at base, 

 broadly auriculate-clasping, deeply pinnatifid, the lobes about 

 5 pairs, spreading, oblong, obtuse to acute, coarsely spine- 

 toothed, glabrous above, loosely silky beneath; heads few, 3-4 

 cm. across, usually on long slender short-pubescent peduncles, 

 nodding at anthesis; involucres globose-campanulatc, some- 

 times cobwebby, 1.5 cm. long, 2-2.5 cm. wide; bracts 6-seriate, 

 scarcely spine-tipped, viscid on back, obtuse to acute, the outer 

 short, lanceolate to ovate, spreading, oblong; corollas purplish, 



16-18 mm. long. Aug.-Oct. High mountains; Honshu 



(nw. part of centr. distr.). 



Var. pubescens Kitam. Ke-hakusan-azami. Stems 



densely pubescent. 



Var. dubium Kitam. Hokkoku-azami. Leaves entire to 

 pinnatifid, clasping or not clasping; heads smaller; involucres 

 shorter, the outer bracts short-recurved and densely cobwebby. 

 Honshu (nw. part of centr. distr.). 



51. Cirsium babanum Koidz. Dai-nichi-azami. Stems 

 pubescent; median cauline leaves narrowly ellipric-oblanceo- 

 late, short-acuminate, semiclasplng, pinnatifid, the lobes 5 or 6 



