912 



COMPOSITAE 



pairs, distant, ovate-acuminate, coarsely incised, pubescent on 

 both sides, the spines 3-8 mm. long, the upper leaves clasping; 

 heads solitary, long-pedunculate, nodding at anthesis; involu- 

 cres globose-campanulate, about 2 cm. long, about 4 cm. wide, 

 the bracts 6-seriate, the outer gradually narrowed, 3-3.5 cm. 

 long, longer than the inner; corollas purplish, about 15 mm. 



long. Aug. High mountains; Honshu (Hida Mt. range). 



Var. otayae (Kitam.) Kitam. C. otayae Kitam.; C. fauriei 



Nakai, pro parte Tateyama-azami. Stems 40-100 cm. 



long; median cauline leaves broader, broadly clasping at base, 

 the lobes approximate, pubescent on both sides, the spines 1-2 

 mm. long; involucres about 15 mm. long, 2.5-3 cm. wide, the 

 outer and median bracts spreading to recurved on upper half; 



corolla-limb shorter than the broader part of the tube. 



Aug. High mountains; Honshu (Hida Mt. range and Mount 

 Hakusan in Kaga). 



52. Cirsium ganjuense Kitam. C. amplexijolium sensu 



Nakai, non Kitam. Ganju-azami. Stems cobwebby, gla- 



brate; cauline leaves elliptic-lanceolate to oblong, acute to 

 acuminate, broadly clasping at base, spine-tipped, entire to 

 pinnately lobed, the lobes 3 or 4 pairs, oblong, acute, glabrous 

 on both sides or slighdy cobwebby beneath; heads 1 or 2 on 

 the branches; involucres campanulate-globose, about 2 cm. 

 long, 2.5-3.5 cm. wide, more or less cobwebby; bracts rather 

 thick, outer and median spreading on upper half; corollas 



purplish, about 17 mm. long. Aug.-Sept. Alpine regions; 



Honshu (Mount Iwate and Mount Hayachine in Rikuchu 

 Prov.). 



53. Cirsium nambuense Nakai. Nambu-takane-azami. 

 Stems about 50 cm. long, often densely short-pubescent, cob- 

 webby on upper part; median and lower cauline leaves oblong- 

 lanceolate, 20-35 cm. long, acuminate, clasping, deeply pinnati- 

 fid, the lobes 8-11 pairs, usually ovate, lobulate, short-pubescent 

 above and on nerves beneath, the spines 2-5 mm. long; heads 

 2-4, terminal, erect at anthesis, often bracteate; involucres glo- 

 bose-campanulate, 1.2-2 cm. long, 2.5-3 cm. wide, slighdy cob- 



webby; bracts 5-seriate, lanceolate-linear, equal in lengdi, outer 

 and median elongate, erect; corollas purplish, about 15 mm. 

 long. Aug.-Sept. Alpine regions; Honshu (n. distr.). 



54. Cirsium homolepsis Nakai. C. inundatum subsp. 



homolepis (Nakai) Kitam. Ozenuma-azami. Stems 50- 



100 cm. long, glabrous at base, cobwebby on the branches; 

 radical leaves large, to 65 cm. long; median cauline leaves 

 oblong-lanceolate, 15-30 cm. long, acute to acuminate, dilated 

 at base, broadly clasping, pinnately cleft, the lobes narrow, 

 acuminate, lobulate, short-spined, glabrous on both sides; heads 

 erect at anthesis; involucres campanulate, 1.8-2.8 cm. long, 

 2.5-3.5 cm. wide; bracts 7-seriate, usually equal in length, 

 loosely cobwebby, the outer linear; corollas purplish, 19-20 



mm. long. Aug.-Sept. Wet places; Honshu (Ozegahara 



Moor) . 



55. Cirsium inundatum Makino. Tachi-azami. Stems 

 1-1.5 m. long, glabrous, the branches short-pubescent and cob- 

 webby; median cauline leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 15- 

 25 cm. long, acute to acuminate, abruptly narrowed at base, 

 slightly dilated, semiclasping or winged-petiolate, spine-toothed 

 to pinnatifid, the lobes about 4 pairs, acute to acuminate, in- 

 cised, short-pubescent or glabrous on both sides, the spines 2-6 

 mm. long; heads many, terminal, erect at anthesis, usually 

 bractless; involucres globose-campanulate, about 1.9 cm. long, 

 2.5-3 cm. wide, slightly cobwebby, the outer bracts linear- 

 lanceolate, elongate, erect, sometimes ascending, ciliolate on 



margin; corollas purplish, 18-20 mm. long. Aug.-Oct. 



Wet places; Honshu (n. and centr. distr.). 



Var. alpicola (Nakai) Ohwi. C. alpicolum Nakai; C. 

 greatrexii Miyabe & Kudo; C. inundatum subsp. alpicola (Na- 

 kai) Kitam. Mine-azami. Leaves broader, elliptic-lance- 

 olate, 17-30 cm. long, pinnatifid, semiclasping; outer and me- 

 dian involucral bracts ascending to spreading; corollas 17-20 

 mm. long. High mountains; Hokkaido (sw. distr.), Hon- 

 shu (n. distr.). 



53. BREEA Less. Arechi-azami Zoku 



Erect, dioecious, perennial herbs with long-creeping rhizomes; leaves alternate, loosely cobwebby, toothed or pinnatifid, 

 spinulose; heads terminal, many-flowered, homogamous; involucres campanulate, the bracts narrow, many-seriate; receptacle 

 setose; staminate corollas capillary, 5-lobed, the anthers sagittate, awnlike or lacerate; pistillate corollas capillary, long-tubular; 



pappus-brisdes plumose, connate at base; style thickened above, the branches obtuse; achenes glabrous, oblong, 4-angled. 



Mediterranean region, Europe, Siberia, to e. Asia. 



lA. Stems 50-100 cm. long; involucres of the pistillate flowers 15-20 mm. long I. B. setosum 



IB. Stems 25-50 cm. long; involucres of the pistillate flowers 23 mm. long 2. B. segetum 



1. Breea setosum (Bieb.) Kitam. Cephalonoplos setosum 

 (Bieb.) Kitam.; Cirsium setosum Bieb.; C. setosum var. subu- 



latum. Ledeb.; C. arvense sensu auct. Japon., non L. Ezo-no- 



kitsune-azami. Slightly cobwebby perennial; stems 50-100 

 cm. long; lower and median cauline leaves oblong-lanceolate, 

 10-20 cm. long, obtuse, spinulose, gradually narrowed at base, 

 sessile, flat, coarsely incised-toothed; heads rather numerous, 

 erect, the staminate smaller, with involucres about 13 mm. 

 long, the pistillate involucres 15-20 mm. long, the bracts 8- 

 seriate, the outer short, the median lanceolate; achenes about 



2.5 mm. long. Aug.-Oct. Waste grounds and roadsides in 



lowlands; Hokkaido, Honshu (n. distr.). Korea, Man- 

 churia, China, Siberia, and e. Europe. 



2. Breea segetum (Bunge) Kitam. Cephalonoplos se- 

 getum (Bunge) Kitam.; Cirsium segetum Bunge; Cnicus se- 

 getum (Bunge) Maxim. Arechi-azami. Stems 25-50 



cm. long; lower and median cauline leaves oblong-lanceolate, 

 7-10 cm. long, obtuse, entire to spinulose-toothed, narrowed at 

 base, sessile, rounded at base in upper ones; heads few, long- 

 pedunculate; involucres of the staminate heads about 18 mm. 

 long, in the pistillate 23 mm. long, the bracts 8-seriate, short- 

 acuminate and dark colored at the tip, the outer very short, 

 oblong-lanceolate, the median lanceolate; corolla 17-20 mm. 

 long in the staminate flowers, about 26 mm. long in the pistil- 

 late, purplish. ^May-Aug. Kyushu (Tsushima). ^Korea, 



Manchuria, and n. China. 



