COMPOSITAE 



915 



AZAMi, Aki-no-yahazu-azami. Stcms 35-65 cm. long, nar- 

 rowly winged, densely brownish crisped-puberulent; radical 

 leaves ovate or oblong, 5-12 cm. long, mucronate-acuminate, 

 deeply cordate to subhastate at base, mucronate-toothed, brown- 

 puberulent on both sides especially toward die margin on up- 

 per side and veins beneath, die petioles narrowly winged, the 

 median and upper leaves gradually smaller, ovate to lanceo- 

 late, cordate to cuneate at base; heads in groups of 2-8, in 

 loose corymbs, pedicelled; involucres globose-campanulate, 

 15-16 mm. long, 13-15 mm. wide, densely brownish crisped- 

 puberulent, dark purple on upper portion; bracts 5-seriate, the 

 outer ovate-lanceolate, 2-4 mm. wide at base, as long as the 

 median and inner ones, acuminate, often recurved, the inner 

 oblong-linear, acuminate; corollas purplish, about 10 mm. long. 



Aug.-Sept. High mountains; Honshu (Iwaki Prov., n. 



Kanto Distr. and Shinano Prov.). 



Var. sessiliflora (Koidz.) Kitam. S. sesslliflora (Koidz.) 

 Kitam.; S. tana\ae var. sessiliflora Koidz.; S. sit^pl^iana var. 

 sessiliflora (Koidz.) Nakai Kuro-t6-hiren. Heads usu- 

 ally 2 or 3, rather large, sessile. Honshu (n. and centr. 



distr.). 



Var. involucrata (Matsum. & Koidz.) Kitam. S. involu- 

 crata Matsum. & Koidz.; S. grandijolia var. nikpensis subvar. 



involucrata (Matsum. & Koidz.) Koidz. Nikk6-t6-hiren. 



Involucral bracts very large, recurved. Honshu (Nikko in 



Shimotsuke). 



8. Saussurea gracilis Maxim. S. bicolor Lev. & Van't. 

 HoKUCHi-AZAMi. Stems slender, cobwebby while young, 

 die branches flat; radical leaves rosulate, long-petiolate, elon- 

 gate-deltoid, rarely deltoid, 6-11 cm. long, acuminate, hastate 

 to cordate or saggitate at base, mucronate-toothed, glabrous 

 and pale green above, villous or white-tomentose beneath, the 

 upper leaves gradually smaller, lanceolate to linear, short- 

 petiolate or sessile; heads in loose corymbs, rarely solitary, die 

 pedicels 5-30 mm. long; involucres tubular, 13-16 mm. long, 

 8-14 mm. wide, slighdy cobwebby, purplish; bracts 8-11 seri- 

 ate, 7-nerved on back, the outer ovate-lanceolate to ovate, 

 mucronate-acute, the median oblong or oblong-lanceolate, the 



inner linear; corollas purplish, about 12 mm. long. Aug.- 



Oct. Mountains; Honshu (w. Tokaido Distr. and westw.), 

 Shikoku, Kyushu. Korea. 



9. Saussurea scaposa Fr. & Sav. S. reinii Franch. 



KiRisHiMA-HiGOTAi. Stems 22-50 cm. long, slender, leafy; 

 radical leaves narrowly oblong to broadly lanceolate, acumi- 

 nate to acute, narrowed below to a winged petiole or truncate 

 at base, usually pinnately lobed, rarely toothed, the lobes 

 spreading, obtuse or acute, crispcd-pubescent above, glabrous 

 beneath, the median leaves gradually smaller, broadly linear to 

 broadly lanceolate, slighdy clasping and short-decurrent; 

 heads 3 or 4 in a group; involucres narrowly tubular, 9-11 mm. 

 long, about 6 mm. wide, cobwebby; bracts 5-seriate, loosely ar- 

 ranged, the outer short, about 2/5 as long as the inner, ovate- 

 lanceolate or ovate, mucronate, the median oblong, the inner 



linear, acute, purplish; corollas purplish, 9-10 mm. long. 



Aug.-Oct. Grassy slopes in mountains; Shikoku, Kyushu. 



10. Saussurea modesta Kitam. Neko-yama-higotai. 

 Stems about 50 cm. long, angled, glabrous, the branches much- 

 flattened; radical leaves linear-lanceolate, about 15 cm. long, 

 18 mm. wide, acuminate, gradually narrowed at base to a 

 winged petiole; lower cauline leaves slighdy clasping and 

 short-decurrent, loosely toothed, glabrous on both sides, the 

 upper gradually reduced, linear; heads in groups of 2 or 3, 



sometimes loosely corymbose; involucres tubular, cobwebby, 

 purplish at tip, 10-12 mm. long, 6-8 mm. wide; bracts 5-seriate, 

 acute, the outer about half as long as the inner, ovate to ovate- 

 lanceolate, mucronate, the median oblong, mucronate, the 



inner linear; corollas purplish, about 9 mm. long. Oct. 



Mountains; Honshu (Chiigoku Distr.). 



11. Saussurea kirigaminensis Kitam. Kirigamine-t6- 

 HiREN. Stems erect, 35-70 cm. long, nearly simple, nar- 

 rowly winged, glabrous to pubescent; radical and lower 

 cauline leaves linear-oblanceolate, 15-30 cm. long, short-acumi- 

 nate, gradually long-attenuate at base to a winged petiole, 

 sparsely mucronate-toothed, or undulatedy mucronate-toothed, 

 loosely hairy above, puberulent on midrib beneath, the upper 

 leaves gradually reduced, linear-lanceolate, slightly clasping to 

 more or less decurrent; heads in groups of 5-9, densely ar- 

 ranged; involucres tubular, 9-11 mm. long, about 6 mm. wide, 

 purplish, cobwebby; bracts loose, 5-seriate, the outer half as 

 long as the inner, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, the median 

 mucronate-acute, the inner linear, acute; corollas purplish, 



about 9 mm. long. Honshu (Mount Kirigamine in Shinano 



Prov.). 



12. Saussurea ussuriensis Maxim. S. ussuriensis vars. 

 genuina, incisa, and pinnatiflda of Maxim.; S. grandifolioides 



Nakai Kiku-azami. Stems 30-120 cm. long, very leafy, 



wingless, glabrous; radical leaves ovate to oblong-ovate, 7-18 

 cm. long, acuminate-mucronate, cordate, truncate, or sub- 

 hastate at base, puberulent on both sides or glabrous, long- 

 petiolate, usually pinnately lobulate to cleft, the lobes 3 to 7 

 pairs, obovate, toothed or lobulate, the upper cauline gradually 

 reduced, ovate to lanceolate, truncate to cuneate at base; heads 

 many, in dense corymbs, very short pedicellate; involucres 

 tubular, 12-13 mm. long, 4-7 mm. across, cobwebby; bracts 

 5- to 7-seriate, the outer very short, oblong or ovate, about 2 

 mm. long, cuspidate, the inner linear, obtuse; corollas purplish, 



11-13 mm. long. Sept.-Oct. Mountains; Honshu, Kyushu. 



Ussuri, Manchuria, Korea, and n. China. 



Var. nivea Kitam. Usu-yuki-kiku-azami. Leaves white- 

 cobwebby beneath. Honshu (Bingo Prov.). Korea. 



13. Saussurea triptera Maxim. Yahazu-higotai. 

 Stems 30-55 cm. long, narrowly to broadly winged, promi- 

 nendy puberulent; radical leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, 5.5- 

 12.5 cm. long, acuminate-mucronate, cordate or sometimes 

 truncate at base, mucronate-toothed to undulate-lobulate, 

 crisped-pubescent on both sides, the lobes dilated above, 

 rounded at apex, mucronate-toothed, die upper cauline leaves 

 broadly ovate to lanceolate, short winged-petiolate or sessile, 

 decurrent, gradually smaller toward tip; heads 7-24, in cor- 

 ymbs, short-pedicellate; involucres tubular, about 11 mm. 

 long, 5 mm. across, cobwebby; bracts 5-seriate, the outer about 

 half as long as the inner, broadly ovate, mucronate, the me- 

 dian oblong, mucronate, the inner linear, acuminate; corollas 



purplish, about 10 mm. long. Aug.-Sept. Mountains; 



Honshu (s. part of centr. distr.). 



Var. major (Takeda) Kitam. S. I^aimontana forma major 



Takeda; S. triptera forma major (Takeda) Kitam. Mi- 



YAMA-HiGOTAi. Hcads 2-7, loosely arranged, sometimes long- 

 pedicellate; involucres 12-13 mm. long, 5-10 mm. across, the 

 bracts somewhat larger, and the mucronate tip often longer. 



Var. minor (Takeda) Kitam. S. l(aimontana forma minor 

 Takeda; 5. \inbucnsis Nakai; S. triptera forma minor (Ta- 

 keda) Ohwi Takane-higotai. Stems 10-20 cm. long, 



prominendy winged; heads 3-5. .'\lpine. 



