COMPOSITAE 



925 



1. Hololeion krameri (Fr. & Sav.) Kitam. Hicracium 



l(rameri Fr. & Sav. Sui-ban. Nearly glabrous perennial 



with soft white ascending rhizomes and subterranean slender 

 naked stolons; stems simple or branched, 50-100 cm. long, 

 erect; radical leaves few, linear-lanceolate, 15-50 cm. long, 1-3 

 cm. wide, acuminate, loosely toothed or mucronate-toothed, 

 glaucous beneath; cauline leaves similar, narrow, elongate, ses- 

 sile, the upper filiform-linear, small; peduncles 3.5-10 cm. 

 long; heads loosely arranged, 3-3.5 cm. across, yellow, 10-30- 

 flowered; involucres about 12 mm. long, the outer bracts lance- 

 olate to narrowly deltoid, acute; achenes linear, 4-angled, 7.5-9 

 mm. long, about 1 mm. wide; pappus about 6 mm. long, pale 



brown. Oct.-Nov. Wet boggy places; Honshu (Tokaido, 



Kinki Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



2. Hololeion maximowiczii Kitam. Hicracium holole- 

 ion Maxim.; H. sparsiim subsp. hololeion (Maxim.) Zahn 



Chosen-sui-ran, Ito-sui-ran. Rhizomes with innovation- 



shoots; stems 50-100 cm long; radical leaves linear-lanceolate, 

 acute with a mucro at apex; lower cauline leaves 15^0 cm. 

 long, 5-30 mm. wide, entire, the median smaller, sessile; heads 

 in loose corymbs, yellow, about 3 cm. across; involucres about 

 13 mm. long, the outer bracts ovate-lanceolate, obtuse; achenes 

 4-angled, 5.5-6 mm. long, about 1 mm. across; pappus about 7 



mm. long, pale yellow. Sept.-Oct. Wet places; Kyushu. 



Korea, Manchuria, and Amur. 



66. PRENANTHES L. Fuku6-s6 Zoku 



Erect or sometimes scandent herbs; leaves alternate, sagittate-cordate, coarsely pinnatifid, the upper sessile and auriculate- 

 clasping; heads usually in loose slender panicles, nodding at anthesis; involucres tubular, the inner bracts 1- or 2-seriate, equal, 

 the outer few, small; receptacle flat, glabrous; corollas truncate, 5-toothed, the tube as long as to slighdy shorter than the limb; 

 achenes narrowly oblong, slighdy flattened, 3- to 5-angled or terete, lO-ribbed, subtruncate, crowned with the persistent base of 

 pappus; pappus-bristles 2- or 3-seriate, simple, deciduous. About 30 species, in Europe, Asia, and N. America. 



lA. Stems leafy only near base; leaves usually palmatcly 3- to 7-cleft to -parted, cordate; stems 40-60 cm. long, usually with long-spread- 

 ing coarse glandular hairs; corollas blue-white; outer involucral bracts about Yz as long as the inner; achenes 3.5-4.5 mm. long. 



1 . P. acerifolia 



IB. Stems leafy throughout; leaves often pinnately parted, sagittate; stems 80-150 cm. long, usually without glandular hairs; corollas pale 

 yellow; outer involucral bracts about half as long as the inner; achenes 7-9 mm. long 2. P. lanal^ae 



1. Prenanthes acerifolia (Maxim.) Matsum. Nabalus 



accrijolius Maxim. Fuku6-s6. Stoloniferous; stems 40- 



60 cm. long, leafy only near base, simple, long coarse glandu- 

 lar-hairy; radical leaves long-petiolate, ovate -cordate, about 

 6-10 cm. long and as wide, coarsely toothed and incised, glan- 

 dular-hairy on underside, usually palmately 3-7-cleft to -parted, 

 the pedolcs distinctly winged, the wings in lower cauline leaves 

 broadly clasping die stems; panicles large, the heads about 1.5 

 cm. across; involucres gray-green, 1-1.2 cm. long, with long 

 coarse hairs on back, the outer bracts ovate to narrowly ob- 

 long, about 1/3 as long as the inner; corollas blue-white; 



achenes 3.5-4.5 mm. long; pappus about 7 mm. long. 



Aug.-Sept. Mountains; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Forma 



heterophylla Matsum. & Koidz. Maruba-fuku6-s6. 



Leaves undivided, rounded at base. Honshu. Forma 



nipponica (Fr. & Sav.) Matsum. & Koidz. Nabalus nippoti- 



icus (Fr. & Sav.) Makino Fukuo-niga-na. Plants sparsely 



coarse-hirsute; involucral bracts smooth. Honshu. 



2. Prenanthes tanakae (Fr. & Sav.) Koidz. Nabalus 

 tanahae Fr. & Sav. ex Tanaka & Ono; P. ochroleuca var. 



tanaXae (Fr. & Sav.) Koidz. O-niga-na. Stoloniferous; 



stems 80-150 cm. long, leafy throughout, usually simple, 

 smooth or sparsely coarse-hairy; median cauline leaves ovate- 

 deltoid, sagittate, long winged-petiolate, shallowly incised or 

 pinnately cleft to parted, the segments retrorse, 8-17 cm. long, 

 6-12 cm. wide, often with spreading coarse hairs on nerves 

 beneath, the upper leaves narrowly lanceolate, smaller, pin- 

 nately few-cleft or entire, acuminate, sessile; panicles large, the 

 heads 3.5-4 cm. across; corollas pale yellow; involucres nearly 

 glabrous, the outer bracts lanceolate, about half as long as the 

 inner; achenes 7-9 mm. long, linear; pappus as long as the 

 achene. Sept.-Oct. Honshu (Kinki Distr. and eastw.). 



67. CREPIDIASTRUM Nakai Aze-t6-na Zoku 



Glabrous glaucous suffrutescent herbs with stout simple or branched stems; leaves rosulate or cauline, alternate, entire or 

 pinnately incised; flowering branches lateral, leafy; heads rather small, in corymbs, yellow or white; involucres narrow, the 

 inner bracts equal, 1-seriate, the outer small, few; corollas all ligulate, truncate, 5-toothed; achenes slighdy flattened, with 10 

 longitudinal ribs; pappus brisdes 1-seriate, slighdy scabrous, deciduous. About 10 species, in e. Asia. 



lA. Leaves spathulate, 1-2 cm. wide, rounded at apex, shallowly toothed 1. C. keiskeanum 



IB. Leaves not spathulate, 2-7 cm. wide. 

 2A. Radical leaves ovate to narrowly so, 2-4 cm. wide, usually obtuse, the petioles 2-3 mm. wide; cauline leaves obtuse, 1-2 cm. wide, 



rather thin 2. C. lanceolatum 



2B. Radical leaves obovatc or obovatc-clliptic, 4.5-7 cm. wi<!c, rounded at apex, the petioles 5-7 mm. wide; cauline leaves rounded or 

 sometimes subacute, 2-4 cm. wide, rather thick 3. C. plalypAylliim 



1. Crepitliastnim keiskeanum (Maxim.) Nakai. Crc- tip, shallowly toothed; heads many, rather densely arranged, 



pis kcisl^eana Maxim.; Lactuca kcislf^eana (Maxim.) Makino; about 1.5 cm. across, yellow; involucres about 1 cm. long. 



Ixeris kciskeana (Maxim.) Stebbins .Xzf.-to-na. Caudex Sept.-Dec. Rocky places near the sea; Honshu (Jzu Prov. and 



stout, short, rhizomelike, with a tuft of rosulate leaves at apex; westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. Forma pinnatilobum Hisau- 



branches solitary to several, lateral, decumbent; radical leaves chi. Sotetsl'ba-aze-to-na. Leaves pinnately lobcd to cleft, 



spathulate, 3-10 cm. long, 1-2 cm. wide, gradually rounded at 2. Crepidiastrum lanceolatum (Houtt.) Nakai. Pre- 



