LAUFER] RELATIONS OF CHINESE TO THE PHILIPPINES 26l 



in chains back to their country. These officers carried rich presents 

 to the governor from the Viceroy of Fuhkien. Meanwhile, how- 

 ever, Dr. Francisco de Sande had succeeded Labezares as "Gober- 

 nador." The very learned but also conceited Dr. Sande now 

 claimed these presents for himself, while the Chinese declared they 

 were authorized to deliver them only to Labezares. The pride of 

 Sande was sensibly hurt by this little incident, and from that day he 

 showed such an antipathy toward everything Chinese that he en- 

 dangered the interests of the Spanish Crown by his narrow-minded 

 policy with regard to China. 



Fray Caspar relates that in 1576 a Chinese war junk arrived at 

 Manila with a despatch from the Viceroy of Fuhkien, in which it 

 was stated that the Emperor had read all the Spanish letters of 

 Labezares, and consented to cede to the Spaniards an island between 

 Canton and Pakian under the same conditions as Macao had been 

 turned over to the Portuguese. This account meets with no con- 

 firmation in the Chinese annals. Sande did not accept this offer, 

 and offended the Chinese ambassadors by not reciprocating the 

 presents sent to him from the Emperor. The brightest idea that 

 dawned on him was to saddle on the returning embassy two monks, 

 who, however, never saw the shores of China. The Chinese had 

 humor enough to unload this clerical ballast at Bolinao, soon after 

 sailing from Manila. 



Sande conceived the daring plan of conquering China by force of 

 arms, and deluged King Philip II with a mass of alluring reports 

 depicting in glowing colors the feasibility of such a scheme. These 

 form fascinating reading matter, and are now easily accessible in 

 the fourth volume of Blair's and Robertson's monumental work, 

 "The Philippine Islands." Philip II flatly rejected this project, and 

 ordered Sande to further amicable relations with China ; and since 

 that time Spain has taken no further political action toward China. 



The first great political event related in the "Ming shih" is the 

 rebellion of the Chinese P'an Ho-zvu in 1593, who stabbed the then 

 Spanish governor, or, as the Annals call him, chieftain, Don Perez 

 Gomez das Marinas. His name is preserved in Chinese under the 

 form Lang Lei Pi-li Mi-lao, and that of his son as Lang Lei Mao- 

 lin, which is intended for Don Luis das Marinas. "Lang" is a term 

 of respect, meaning a "gentleman" generally, and evidently repre- 

 sents a translation of the Spanish "Don," while "Lei" seems to stand 

 for Luiz, "Pi-li" for Perez, and "Mi-lao" or "Mao-lin" for Marinas. 

 The Chinese account of this incident reads as follows : 



In the Stli month of the 21st year of the period Wan-li (1593). when the 

 chieftain Don Perez Gomez das Marinas undertook a raid on the Moluccas, 



