FEWKES] EXCAVATIONS AT CASA GRANDE, ARIZONA 299 



In Font's plan (figure 117) of Compound A, a single chambered 

 room is represented in the southwest corner. Bartlett gave a ground 

 plan of the cluster of rooms in this angle, but neither Bartlett's nor 

 Font's plans are complete, for there are in reality six rooms in this 

 corner of the compound, not counting an adjacent rectangular room 

 separated from this cluster by a court. Several later authors have 

 mentioned and figured these two fragments of walls standing above 

 a mound southwest of the main building, and one or two have sug- 

 gested that they were formerly connected with Casa Grande by 

 walls. The best view of these pinnacles appeared in Cosmos Min- 

 deleff's valuable account 1 of the ruin. 



The author's excavations of Compound A were begun at the base 

 of the more western of these two standing walls, at the level of the 

 ground, where it was found that the wall was so eroded as to be 

 seriously undermined. It was recognized that extensive filling in 

 was necessary at that point, and that other repairs were imperative 

 to keep this fragment from falling. The fragment east of the last 

 mentioned was, if anything, in a worse condition, and also required 

 protection. 



Digging down below the eroded portion, there came into view a 

 fine smooth-faced wall, which extended several feet still lower. 

 The excavations were then continued north and south, following 

 the face of the wall to the northwest and southwest angles, laying 

 bare the whole west wall (plate xxxiv, a). After having traced 

 this wall, attention was directed to the general character and arrange- 

 ment of the walls hidden below the mound near the bases of the two 

 fragments of walls where the excavation started. It was found that 

 the southwest corner of the compound is occupied by a cluster of six 

 rooms (plates xxv-xxvi), the most picturesque of all those uncov- 

 ered during the winter. 



2. Northeast Building 



As may be seen from the ground plan (plate xxiv), the first his- 

 toric building, Casa Grande, was not the largest in Compound A. 

 The combined length of the six ceremonial rooms is double that of 

 the main building, although their width is much less. A building 

 standing northeast of Font's room is the largest yet excavated and 

 contains many more rooms, some of which are larger than any in the 

 historic building. 



1 13th Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology. 



