EEWKES] EXCAVATIONS AT CASA GRANDE, ARIZONA 3OI 



still standing erect. These vertical logs once supported a horizontal 

 rafter extending from the east to the west wall, resting on both and 

 on the vertical supports. Side rafters were supported by this middle 

 log, with ends resting on the north and south walls. Upon these 

 smaller rafters was the roof covering of reeds and clay. 



The other three rooms, C, D, E, of the east-west arm of the north- 

 east building, were excavated to their floors. Their walls were 

 found to have good surface finish, "as fine as Puebla pottery," and 

 in one instance, D, showed superficial painting. These rooms, D 

 and E, have no lateral doorways, a significant fact, which strength- 

 ens the belief that their former entrances were hatchways on the 

 roof. None of the above-mentioned rooms open into one another. 

 Large stones were found to have been used in the construction of 

 the foundations of the north wall of room D. 



The rooms of the east section (plate xxiv) vary in size, and 

 apparently some had lateral doors, others hatchways. The narrow 

 wall of the small room, G, was supported by upright logs. A sec- 

 tion of the fallen roof was laid bare in room H, in which the rafters 

 and the clay upon them were well preserved. Apparently the rafters 

 in this room had simply fallen against a side wall, the ends that 

 formerly rested on the east wall having decayed. 1 



The walls of rooms J and K show plainly the action of fire, for 

 large quantities of charcoal filled these rooms. G has a good floor 

 and fine surface finish on the walls. The partitions between these 

 rooms are, however, much broken down. In view of their supposed 

 domiciliary character, it is interesting to point out the absence from 

 these rooms of domestic utensils. 



3. Rooms on the West Wale 



Between the cluster of rooms occupying the southwest angle of 

 the compound and the single "bastion" or "castle" at the northwest 

 corner, there are several rooms, the walls of which appeared when 

 the soil was removed from the inner or east side of the west wall. 



The most characteristic of these dependent rooms, G, is separated 

 by a narrow court from the northern wall of the southwest cluster. 

 Unfortunately, one corner of this room was cut down before its 

 existence was detected, but wherever its four walls were revealed 



1 No hatchways or roof entrances had previously been reported from pre- 

 historic houses in the Gila drainage. 



