FEWKES] EXCAVATIONS AT CASA GRANDE, ARIZONA 311 



The roofs of the six ceremonial rooms, as well as the roofs of the 

 buildings just east of Casa Grande, united at one end with the basal 

 terrace, from which it was possible to walk to the north surrounding 

 wall on one side and to the passageway west of Font's room on the 

 east. All the rooms were single-storied, having both lateral door- 

 ways and roof entrances so placed as to be advantageous for specta- 

 tors overlooking the plazas. 1 



COMPOUND B 



A few observations made at Compound B may enlighten the 

 reader on the structure of the compound already described. Com- 

 pound B (plate xxxvi) is situated 748 feet northeast of Compound 

 A, and contains the largest cluster of mounds in the northern part 

 of the area covered by the Casa Grande group. Like Compound A, 

 it is surrounded by many low elongated refuse heaps, which are 

 generally parallel to the walls of the compound. 



Although the dimensions of the outer wall of Compound B are 

 smaller than those of Compound A, it encloses a pyramidal mound 

 that conceals a building which will probably be found to exceed in 

 size any house yet excavated in Compound A. The exterior walls 

 of Compound B measure approximately 295 feet long by 165 feet 

 wide and are oriented a trifle east of north. The mounds of this 

 compound and the cluster of smaller elevations near it are among 

 those first seen by a visitor approaching Casa Grande from Florence 

 by the old stage road. This road crosses the southeast angle of the 

 compound (plate xxxvi). Two of the mounds in this compound are 

 of large size, the one the main building and one in the southwest 

 corner of the compound. The mound in the southwest corner is 

 shaped like a try-square, and indicates a building whose walls meas- 

 ure 102 by 82 feet. The main mound has a pyramidal form, its outer 

 walls measuring 90 by 70 feet. Its top is flat and about 8 feet above 

 the base, and the edges are somewhat worn by erosion. There are, 



1 "One of the houses," writes Mange, "is a great building, the main room in 

 the middle being four stories high and the adjoining rooms on the four sides 

 of it being three stories." The figures that accompany Mange's description 

 also show four stories in the middle room and three on the sides, two of the 

 latter having lateral entrances in the lowest story. If these figures are accu- 

 rate, of course the hypothesis that the lowest story was solid is untenable; 

 but they are not accurate, or at least do not agree with one another. Mange's 

 ground plan of Casa Grande is faulty, for it has seven rooms, while the eleva- 

 tion represents a doorway which does not appear on the ground plan. 



