FEWKEs] EXCAVATIONS AT CASA GRANDE, ARIZONA 327 



Leather" and from others, who affirm that the builders of Casa 

 Grande were of Pima blood and spoke the Pima language. 



The burden of Pima legends of Casa Grande is that the chief, 

 Morning Green, was a powerful medicine man who controlled the 

 wind and rain gods and accomplished many marvelous deeds by 

 his magic. He was supposed to have been a son of Tcuhu, a 

 cultus hero, sometimes called Moctezuma, and to have had a 

 parthenogetic birth. His two daughters, Van and Natci, were 

 married to neighboring chiefs, the former having been abducted 

 by the ruler of the Great House near Tempe or Mesa during a 

 sacred dance. 



The art of irrigation was taught to the Casa Grande people, so 

 the story goes, by the people of the Great Houses on the Salt River, 

 whose irrigating ditch near Mesa was made with the supernatural 

 aid of the woman who controlled hard materials, 1 as stone, shell, 

 turquoise, and other like substances. Her home is reputed to have 

 been among the Maricopas, which is another way of declaring that 

 she came from a tribe living farther down the river. 2 



None of the Pimas whom the author interrogated ascribe the 

 building of Casa Grande solely to the Hopis, for they know very 

 little about the "Moquinos" or Hopis, although they have stories 

 of relatives in the north. One of the most intelligent among them 

 informed the author that his father told him there were formerly 

 people in the northern part of Arizona who spoke the same language 

 as himself, and that the ancients who lived in Tonto Basin were 

 relatives of the Pimas. 3 He likewise said that the word moki is 

 good Pima and derived from mo, dead, and ki, home. It occurs to 

 the author that the ancient Pimas answered the Spanish question 

 regarding the people of the north with the word moki, meaning to 

 say that the people who lived in the north had perished. 



It is instructive in this connection to note that the Pimas have a 

 legend which recalls a story repeated among the members of the patki 

 clans of the Hopis. According to this legend, water at one time mirac- 



1 This woman, Towa kwaotom ochse, is practically the same as the goddess 

 Huzriwuqti of the Hopis. 



2 The story of how the rain and wind gods were expelled from Casa Grande 

 and how Morning Green brought them back is one of the most ancient Casa 

 Grande legends. Practically the same story told to Font in 1775 was repeated 

 to the author, a highly suggestive illustration of the persistence of folk-tales. 



3 The author believes that the word Totonteac is a Pima word from tonto, 

 crazy, toac, locative, and that this province was not the modern Hopi country, 

 but Tonto Basin. The root of the word pima is probably the same as that of 

 the Hopi word pii, I do not know. 



