140 THE ENTOMOLOGIST S RECORD. 
Those interested in this and kindred subjects should take the oppor- 
tunity of studying the numerous examples of fresh specimens with 
injuries in the neighbourhood of directive marks on both fore- and 
hindwings in the Hope Department at Oxford, and should also read 
Professor E. B. Poulton’s account in his “‘ Essays on Evolution,” and 
consult the references there given; also the personal observations of 
the well known traveller and naturalist, Dr. G. B. Longstaff, in his 
delightful work Butterfly Hunting in many Lands.—A. H. Hamu, Oxford. 
April, 1916. 
REsTING ATTITUDE oF THE LycH#nm".—In a footnote to my note 
on the above on page 68, in the Hutomologist’s Record for March, the 
Rey. G. Wheeler says that I ignore the word fatal. 
I certainly did not use the word fatal in my sentence “no more 
safe from attacks by birds in one position than the other,” but as I was 
dealing with Mr. Frohawk’s note, which specially referred to it, I 
thought that would be inferred. 
As a matter of fact I have found from observation that birds gene- 
rally attack from below, not from above (except in the case of the 
swallow and house-martin); they alight on the ground and flutter up. 
I have watched a kestrel and a pair of stonechats do this with Agriades 
coridon with disastrous 1esults to the latter. Im any case I cannot 
imagine any but fatal results, whether the insect was seized by the tail . 
or the head. In the case of the Dragonfly seizing the Ringlet Butterfly 
(Aphantopus hyperantus) I see I omitted to mention that the latter was 
seized while flying.—C. W. Cotrurvupe. 
JOTES ON COLLECTING, Etc. 
An Ewromonocist av SatonrkKa.—Philip J. Barraud, F.E.S., is 
serving as a private in the R.A.M.C. at Salonika, being attached to the 
84th Field Ambulance at Lembec Camp. There has been established 
for the benefit and enlightenment of the British forces a small four- 
page daily newspaper, printed in English, called The Balkan News, and 
in the issue for April 5th there is an interesting letter from Mr. Bar- 
raud dealing with the entomology of the camp, so far as he had been 
able to study it up to the date of writing. He first of all refers to the 
influence of insects on the health of the human race, and gives some 
brief but useful information to his comrades as to the best way of keep- 
ing noxious insects in check, and urging that careful attention should 
be paid to the regulations laid down by the military authorities for 
dealing with the matter. He also gives a list of butterflies he had ob- 
served in the neighbourhood of the camp, enumerating the following 
species :— Pieris brassicae, P. napi, Leptosia sinapis, Gonepteryx rhamni, 
Colias edusa, Issoria lathonia, Pararge megaera, P. aegeria, Coenonympha 
pamphilus, Pyrameis cardui, Celastrina aratolus, and Runicia phlaeas. 
Mr. Barraud informs me in a letter that Papilio podalirius and P. 
machaon are both flying, and that he is sending any Orthoptera that 
occur to Dr. Malcolm Burr, who is in a neighbouring camp. It is to 
be hoped that Mr. Barraud will be able to continue his entomological 
studies and to give us, later on, a fuller list of the insect fauna of the 
district.—A. E. Grszs. 
Nores rrom Sanonrka.—War certainly interferes with entomology. 
Yet, in a teasing kind of way, it sometimes helps. Now the spring is 
