148 THE ENTOMOLOGIST S RECORD. 
sary,’ one is at liberty to apply the race name europaeus, 
Verity, to the South European form. 
13. Similarly in the case of jasius, the North African form is clearly 
designated by Linné as typical of the species, and the “ if 
necessary ’’ remark applies here also. 
14. There is no justification for substituting iis, L., for ilia, Schiff. 
15. Consequently the name pseudoiris, Verity, cannot be accepted. 
16. The substitution of the name eris, Meig., for niobe, L., as the 
species name ‘‘ is not justified.” 
17. The name cydippe, L., must be substituted for adippe, L., and 
the proposed name espert, Verity, is not valid. This change 
has seemed inevitable for years. There was no justification 
for retaining the name adippe except long usage. This error 
of Linné’s was pointed out years ago, but common consent 
seems to have persistently ignored rectification of this 
application. 
18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24. Refer to hermione, L., alcyone, Schiff., 
jurtina, L., maera, L., rubi, L., virgaureae, L., and hippothoe, 
L., and are practically answered by the replies to 6, 7, 8, ete. 
They are comprehensive terms, and the First Reviser was at 
liberty to restrict the name to which form he preferred. 
25. Refers to idas, L., which name definitely applies to an Indian 
species and cannot affect the name argyrognomon, Brgstr. 
26. The opinion states that the name ramburi, Verity, must be 
substituted for idas, Ramb., which is a homonym of tdas, 
L. (25). 
However one may be inclined to cavil at any of these ‘‘ opinions,” 
we must remember that they have been most carefully arrived at after 
due consideration by some of our most competent specialists assembled 
under a machinery which many of us have desired for years past. It 
only remains for us to accept these results and carry them out, and we 
have no doubt that ninety-nine out of every hundred will acquiesce in 
them. We must again urge that in all the twenty-six “ opinions” 
referred to above all the members concurred, and it should further be 
borne in mind that individually they hold opinions on nomenclature 
that are by no means concurrent. 
The Time of Emergence of Lepidopterous Imagines. 
By the Rey. C. R. N. BURROWS, F.E.S. 
I am able to contribute some further information upon the subject 
to which Mr. P. A. Buxton (Hnt. Record, vol. xxvill., p. 38) invites 
attention. I will not claim to have made systematic records in my 
diary, which may account for the rather curious preference for rare or 
unusual insects in my list, extending as it does over many years, and 
for the poverty of the details. 
Most of my rearing, especially from the pupa, has been indoors, and 
therefore scarcely natural. This may make some difference in the times 
recorded. 
Papilio machaon, early morning, 10 a.m. 
Aporia crataegi, 8.0 p.m. 
Dryas (Argynnis) paphia, 12.0 noon, 1.80 p.m., 3.380 p.m. 
Melitaea aurinia, 3.30 p.m. 
