249, THE ENTOMOLOGIST S RECORD. 
Oreomyrma in August 1914, the latter sinks as isonymous with the 
former, and will remain sunk so long as they are considered to belong 
to the same subgenus—but Oreomyrma is capable of revival should 
rubida, Latr., eventually be found not congeneric with bradleyi, 
Wheeler. The synonymy, therefore, is as follows :— 
MYRMICA, Ltr. 
=* Aphaenogaster (nec Mayr), Forel (1914); =Neomyrma, Forel 
(1914) =Orzomyrma, Wheeler (1914). 
Type 1: Formica rubra, L. (Latreille, 1810). 
Myrnica, Latr. (1804). : 
Type 2: Myrmica bradleyi, Wheeler (=calderoni, Forel; Forel, 
1914). : 
Neromyrma, Forel (1914). 
Type 3: Myrmica rubida, Ltr. (Wheeler, 1914). 
Orzromyrma, Wheeler (1914). 
2. Sima or Tetraponera ? 
Hmery [Zool. Anz., 45, 265-66 (1915)] in a short paper under the 
above title, gives his views on this question of synonymy. As we are 
unable to agree with him, it seems best first to give a translation of 
his paper, and then to point out why we disagree. 
“Tn his treatise on the Type-Species of the genera and subgenera of 
the Hormicidae Professor Wheeler gives as type-species of the genus 
Sima, Rog. (1863), the species allaborans, Walk., cited by Bingham 
(1903), and as type-species of the genus Tetraponera, F. Sm. (1852), 
the species nigra, F. Sm., cited by Wheeler himself (1911). As the 
Species allaborans and nigra at present stand together in the genus 
Sima, and the name Tetraponera is eleven years older than Sima, 
therefore, in consequence, the name of the genus Sima must sink to 
the older name Tetraponera. The case, however, is not so simple as 
the Wheeler type-species. list makes out. 
“Frederick Smith, in the year 1852, published the descriptions of 
two species, one from India and the other from South America, on 
which he founded the genus Tetraponera: neither was brought forward 
as type; the generic diagnosis fits both, as it fits generally many 
Pseudomyrma and Sima females. 
‘‘ But three years later the same author withdrew his own genus, as 
he declared that the genus Tetraponera was founded on females of 
Pseudomyrma. At that time it was not for the reason that the Asiatic 
and African species should be separated from the American species. 
“This was partly seen by Roger (1863) when he made the genus 
Sima for some not American Pseudomyrma species (fiir einige nicht 
amerikiinische Pseudomyrma—Arten), and drew up a good generic 
diagnosis. 
