48 THE entomologist's record. 



V. Includes (a) the Iberian Peninsula, (b) Italy (south of Eome), with Sicily, 

 (c) Epirus, Greece (with Crete). 



Now a careful consideration leads me to think that this arrange- 

 ment could advantageously be modified. I would unite zones III and 

 IV, modifying their boundaries, and would add a further zone, including 

 Morocco, Algeria, and Asia Minor, and in this zone the southern half of 

 Spain would be included. My suggested arrangement therefore would 

 stand thus : 



I. The northern zone. Identical with the zone I of Brunner. 



II. The north central zone. This would include Ireland and England, the Low 

 Countries, Prussia, Saxony, Poland and central Eussia, the same as Brunner's, but 

 including the northern part of France down to Paris, and taking & further slice from 

 south Germany. 



III. The south central zone. This would be divided into provinces, as follows : 

 (a) France, south of Paris, and eastwards to Budapest, {b) The extreme south 

 of France, with northern Italy, as far east as Trieste, (c-) Hungary, Transsylvania, 

 Moldavia, and Bosnia, possibly including also Servia. (d) South Eussia. 



IV. The southern zone, divided as follows : (a) The Iberian Peninsula, except- 

 ing the extreme south, Andalusia. (&) The southern half of Italy, (c) Herce- 

 govina, northern Macedonia, Bulgaria, Wallachia, and north Turkey to Constanti- 

 nople, (rf) Greece, (e) Northern part of Asia Minor. 



V. The north African zone with : (a) Morocco, Algeria, and Tunis, with 

 Andalusia, and the extreme south of Spain, including probably also Sicily, and 

 perhaps even Sardinia, (b) Syria and Cyprus, (c) Southern part of Asia Minor. 



Such an attempt can at best but be provisional, but several con- 

 siderations have led me to incline to a modification of Brunner's 

 arrangement. In the first place, the river Narenta marks a contrast 

 between the faunas of Bosnia and Hercegovina. Bosnia is distinctly 

 central European, while Hercegovina is as distinctly meridional. The 

 faunas of Bosnia and south Hungary are not sufficiently distinct to 

 warrant a separation into different zones, and Servia may have to be 

 included with them. In spite of the Danube forming apparently a 

 good natural frontier, the fauna of Wallachia is essentially meridional, 

 and has strong similarity with that of Asia Minor, as shown by the 

 occurrence of certain forms of Sophya, CctUmenus. The extreme north 

 of Spain, in spite of the Pyrenees, maybe united with_ southern France, 

 but the fauna of the extreme south of Spain is very distinct from that 

 of the north ; it has exceedingly well-marked affinities with that of the 

 adjacent part of north Africa. This is shown by the distribution of 

 the genus Ephipj^i/era, which is very strongly represented in southern 

 Spain and in Algeria. The faunas of the two northern zones are not 

 sufficiently rich, from a point of view of the Orthoptera occurring 

 there, to justify a subdivision into smaller provinces. 



ON LIFE-HISTORIES, LARYiE, &c. 



OviPOSiTioN OF Dasycera sulphueella. — For the last two seasons I 

 have noticed a colony of Dasycera sulpluirella in some old timber lying 

 in a yard in Chiswick. Though this insect is very common perhaps a 

 few notes on this colony, which I am sorry to say is now destroyed, 

 may not be without interest. I noticed the first specimen in 1898, on 

 May 16th, lying with wings outspread, in rain water which had col- 

 lected on the top of a cask. May 28rd I saw one at rest on the timber 

 and noticed numerous holes in the wood. This species usually rests 

 something in the manner of a Coleophorid, with the antenna extended 

 in the form of the letter V. On June 7th three or four moths were 



