186 THE entomologist's record. 



A. a)-chippm in a pine grove not far from the town. The trees were 

 literally festooned with butterflies within an area of about an acre, and 

 were clustered so thickly that the trees seemed to be covered with 

 dead leaves. Upon shaking some of the trees a cloud of butterflies 

 flew off, and the flapping of their Avings was distinctly audible. They 

 hung in rows (often double) on the lower dead branches, and in 

 bunches on the needles. Towards evening the flock received additions 

 every moment, and, a net full being caught and liberated, all but 

 three returned to the flock. During his visit two more flocks were 

 observed not far from the first but neither was so large. He 

 also observes that he had seen A. arcldjipas flocking at the Isles of 

 Shoals, New Hampshire, in very much the same manner, after having 

 flown nine miles from the mainland." One remark made by Thaxter, viz., 

 that he "often observed examples oiA. archippm, in coitil," is suggestive 

 that the species would not hybernate, as there is as yet we believe, 

 no record of a butterfly pairing in autumn and then living through 

 the winter. It occasionally happens, however, among hybernating 

 moths. Mundt reports {loc. cit., xi., p. 239) that, on September 7th, 

 1879, at Fairburg, Illinois, while walking through a grove, he saw a 

 large number of A. archipptia hovering about and settling upon some 

 limbs of a hickory, and on the next day, before sunset, he found the 

 butterflies in still larger numbers on two branches of the tree. After 

 dusk he visited the grove with a long step-ladder, box and lantern, and 

 took 51 males and 74 females, all of them being perfect. He adds 

 that " the weather had been pretty cold for several days, with slight 

 frost at night." Moffat records (loc. cit., xii., p. 37) them as "con- 

 gregating in immense numbers, with their wings closed, and not 

 noticeable unless disturbed, very few being on the wing. Their 

 favourite resting-place seemed to be dead pine twigs, which would be 

 drooping with their weight. In going to and from the woods I have 

 seen several of them at once coming from different directions, high in 

 the air, sailing along in their own easy and graceful way, all con- 

 verging to the one spot. There Avere thousands, perhaps hundreds of 

 thousands of them. The following year they were remarkably scarce, 

 and it was three years before they were again even moderately plentiful." 



On the emergence of Listrodromus quinqueguttatus, Grav., with a 

 description of its pupa. 



By CLAUDE MORLEY, F.E.S. 

 My friend Mr. E. M. Prideaux, to Avhose generosity I owe many 

 good insects, sent me, upon the 11th of May last, two pupte of C)janirin 

 argiolus, each containing a single pupa of Listrodromun quinqueguttatas, 

 Grav., from last autumn's ivy-feeding larvte. The similarity of the 

 parasitic pupa to its imago is to be seen in the tumidulous scutellum 

 and the neuration of the wings, Avhich, though of the same colour as 

 the cells, is much elevated and inflated. In colour it is yellowish- 

 white ; the mesonotum and mesosterna are black, with the interpec- 

 toral line pale. The eyes are nigro-castaneous, and the ocelli and 

 mandibular teeth, of Avhich the upper is slightly larger than the lower, 

 are castaneous and Avidely distended. All the limbs are detached and 

 visible, the antennae wings and legs being enclosed in separate 

 sheaths, and the organs neatly folded upon the breast. The thorax is 



