286 THE entomologist's eecoed. 



eye as a white mark, does not affect the antenna in crossing it, but 

 appears on the mesothorax as a definite ridge, wliere it is probably 

 identifiable with Scudder's " basal wing tubercles," runs down the 

 inner margin of the wing behind Poulton's line, raises a sharp ridge 

 across the hindwing at level of thoraci-abdominal incision, just raises 

 corner of abdominal segment 1, and passes as a very marked ridge to 

 the 2nd abdominal spine. The space on abdominal segment 2 in front 

 of them is a sloping surface facing forwards, greenish in colour and 

 with the dorsal ridge just indicated. The intersegmental subsegment 

 is ill-marked, but quite distinct on abdominal segments 2 and 3. There 

 is little movement of the abdominal segments, 5 and 6 being free, the 

 checking of antero-posterior movement is decided but not absolute if 

 the pupa be moved artificially. Actually the pupa itself only uses 

 lateral movement, which it does extremely actively. Apart from the 

 dark line of the dorsal ridge in front of the abdominal spine and the 

 white line it forms behind it and the white line of the Libytheine 

 ridge, there are many dark marks and shadings which vary a good 

 deal in different pupae. The 3rd and following abdominal segments 

 have on either side two black spots near the middle line, almost like 

 trapezoidals ; between these and the spiracle is a little group of three 

 spots. 



The dark wing- shadings are especially marked along the costa, 

 basaliy along the anal margin, and interruptedly along the middle of 

 the wing and at the apex ; some specimens suggest that these marks 

 may invade nearly the whole wing. The wing-surface is rough, with 

 a broad steep slope outside Poulton's line at the hind margin, vein Ic 

 (1st anal) is very prominent and often marked by a white line whilst 

 la and lb may be made out. Perchance what I have called Ic (1st 

 anal) may be lb (2nd anal), as it is very unusual for Ic to be visible 

 at all on a butterfly pupa. The wing apices are separated by the tips 

 of the antenna and of the maxillse. The 2nd leg reaches down three- 

 quarters of the distance to this point, and the first fully half, both 

 reach up to the eyes, so that the first is separated from the antennae. 

 Above the broad bases of the maxillae the cheeks nearly meet in the 

 middle line by a triangular process of which the apex is not marked off 

 as mandibles, some small tubercles between these are probably 

 labrum. 



The figures of this pupa in the works of European authors are very 

 defective. That of Esper is very poor but correct so far as it goes. 

 Hiibner gives it a definite single nose-spine, and omits the girdling 

 ridge. Boisduval's figure is good, except that he gives a very definite 

 nose- spine. Ochsenheimer does not figure it but says it has no nose- 

 spine. Praem's figure is poor. Hofmann's resembles it in no respect, 

 being a straight Pieiis pupa with long nose-spine. Many authorities 

 agree in making it green, Avhilst mine are distinctly grey. The proba- 

 bility seems strongly to be that it is a dimorphic pupa of the type so 

 well investigated by Mr. Merrifield. — June, 1900. 



British Lepidoptera — Mr. Bateson's review. 



By W. J. KAYE, F.E.S. 

 Mr. Bateson in the September number of the Entomologist's Record, 

 has reviewed Mr. Tuit's second volume of British Lepidoptera. In so 



